==================================================================
BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in instrument_atomic_read_write include/linux/instrumented.h:96 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in atomic_fetch_sub_release include/linux/atomic/atomic-instrumented.h:400 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in __refcount_sub_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:389 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in __refcount_dec_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:432 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in refcount_dec_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:450 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in kref_put include/linux/kref.h:64 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in as102_release+0x56/0x110 drivers/media/usb/as102/as102_usb_drv.c:456
Write of size 4 at addr ffff888116498150 by task syz.2.3446/18357

CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 18357 Comm: syz.2.3446 Not tainted 6.16.0-rc1-syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(voluntary) 
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 05/07/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline]
 dump_stack_lvl+0x116/0x1f0 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:408 [inline]
 print_report+0xcd/0x680 mm/kasan/report.c:521
 kasan_report+0xe0/0x110 mm/kasan/report.c:634
 check_region_inline mm/kasan/generic.c:183 [inline]
 kasan_check_range+0x100/0x1b0 mm/kasan/generic.c:189
 instrument_atomic_read_write include/linux/instrumented.h:96 [inline]
 atomic_fetch_sub_release include/linux/atomic/atomic-instrumented.h:400 [inline]
 __refcount_sub_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:389 [inline]
 __refcount_dec_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:432 [inline]
 refcount_dec_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:450 [inline]
 kref_put include/linux/kref.h:64 [inline]
 as102_release+0x56/0x110 drivers/media/usb/as102/as102_usb_drv.c:456
 __fput+0x402/0xb70 fs/file_table.c:465
 task_work_run+0x14d/0x240 kernel/task_work.c:227
 resume_user_mode_work include/linux/resume_user_mode.h:50 [inline]
 exit_to_user_mode_loop+0xd5/0xe0 kernel/entry/common.c:114
 exit_to_user_mode_prepare include/linux/entry-common.h:330 [inline]
 syscall_exit_to_user_mode_work include/linux/entry-common.h:414 [inline]
 syscall_exit_to_user_mode include/linux/entry-common.h:449 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0x3e9/0x4b0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:100
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7fa1c70de929
Code: ff ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 40 00 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 a8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48
RSP: 002b:00007fffc8435b08 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 00000000000001b4
RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000000226c49 RCX: 00007fa1c70de929
RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 000000000000001e RDI: 0000000000000003
RBP: 00007fa1c7307ba0 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: 0000000cc8435dff
R10: 00007fa1c6f50000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 00007fa1c7305fac
R13: 00007fa1c7305fa0 R14: ffffffffffffffff R15: 00007fffc8435c20
 </TASK>

Allocated by task 5257:
 kasan_save_stack+0x33/0x60 mm/kasan/common.c:47
 kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30 mm/kasan/common.c:68
 poison_kmalloc_redzone mm/kasan/common.c:377 [inline]
 __kasan_kmalloc+0x8f/0xa0 mm/kasan/common.c:394
 kmalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:905 [inline]
 kzalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:1039 [inline]
 as102_usb_probe+0x54/0xb00 drivers/media/usb/as102/as102_usb_drv.c:348
 usb_probe_interface+0x300/0x9c0 drivers/usb/core/driver.c:396
 call_driver_probe drivers/base/dd.c:579 [inline]
 really_probe+0x241/0xa90 drivers/base/dd.c:657
 __driver_probe_device+0x1de/0x440 drivers/base/dd.c:799
 driver_probe_device+0x4c/0x1b0 drivers/base/dd.c:829
 __device_attach_driver+0x1df/0x310 drivers/base/dd.c:957
 bus_for_each_drv+0x159/0x1e0 drivers/base/bus.c:462
 __device_attach+0x1e4/0x4b0 drivers/base/dd.c:1029
 bus_probe_device+0x17f/0x1c0 drivers/base/bus.c:537
 device_add+0x1148/0x1a70 drivers/base/core.c:3692
 usb_set_configuration+0x1187/0x1e20 drivers/usb/core/message.c:2210
 usb_generic_driver_probe+0xb1/0x110 drivers/usb/core/generic.c:250
 usb_probe_device+0xec/0x3e0 drivers/usb/core/driver.c:291
 call_driver_probe drivers/base/dd.c:579 [inline]
 really_probe+0x241/0xa90 drivers/base/dd.c:657
 __driver_probe_device+0x1de/0x440 drivers/base/dd.c:799
 driver_probe_device+0x4c/0x1b0 drivers/base/dd.c:829
 __device_attach_driver+0x1df/0x310 drivers/base/dd.c:957
 bus_for_each_drv+0x159/0x1e0 drivers/base/bus.c:462
 __device_attach+0x1e4/0x4b0 drivers/base/dd.c:1029
 bus_probe_device+0x17f/0x1c0 drivers/base/bus.c:537
 device_add+0x1148/0x1a70 drivers/base/core.c:3692
 usb_new_device+0xd07/0x1a20 drivers/usb/core/hub.c:2663
 hub_port_connect drivers/usb/core/hub.c:5535 [inline]
 hub_port_connect_change drivers/usb/core/hub.c:5675 [inline]
 port_event drivers/usb/core/hub.c:5835 [inline]
 hub_event+0x2f85/0x5030 drivers/usb/core/hub.c:5917
 process_one_work+0x9cf/0x1b70 kernel/workqueue.c:3238
 process_scheduled_works kernel/workqueue.c:3321 [inline]
 worker_thread+0x6c8/0xf10 kernel/workqueue.c:3402
 kthread+0x3c5/0x780 kernel/kthread.c:464
 ret_from_fork+0x5b3/0x6c0 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:148
 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245

Freed by task 5257:
 kasan_save_stack+0x33/0x60 mm/kasan/common.c:47
 kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30 mm/kasan/common.c:68
 kasan_save_free_info+0x3b/0x60 mm/kasan/generic.c:576
 poison_slab_object mm/kasan/common.c:247 [inline]
 __kasan_slab_free+0x37/0x50 mm/kasan/common.c:264
 kasan_slab_free include/linux/kasan.h:233 [inline]
 slab_free_hook mm/slub.c:2381 [inline]
 slab_free mm/slub.c:4643 [inline]
 kfree+0x283/0x470 mm/slub.c:4842
 as102_usb_probe+0x697/0xb00 drivers/media/usb/as102/as102_usb_drv.c:410
 usb_probe_interface+0x300/0x9c0 drivers/usb/core/driver.c:396
 call_driver_probe drivers/base/dd.c:579 [inline]
 really_probe+0x241/0xa90 drivers/base/dd.c:657
 __driver_probe_device+0x1de/0x440 drivers/base/dd.c:799
 driver_probe_device+0x4c/0x1b0 drivers/base/dd.c:829
 __device_attach_driver+0x1df/0x310 drivers/base/dd.c:957
 bus_for_each_drv+0x159/0x1e0 drivers/base/bus.c:462
 __device_attach+0x1e4/0x4b0 drivers/base/dd.c:1029
 bus_probe_device+0x17f/0x1c0 drivers/base/bus.c:537
 device_add+0x1148/0x1a70 drivers/base/core.c:3692
 usb_set_configuration+0x1187/0x1e20 drivers/usb/core/message.c:2210
 usb_generic_driver_probe+0xb1/0x110 drivers/usb/core/generic.c:250
 usb_probe_device+0xec/0x3e0 drivers/usb/core/driver.c:291
 call_driver_probe drivers/base/dd.c:579 [inline]
 really_probe+0x241/0xa90 drivers/base/dd.c:657
 __driver_probe_device+0x1de/0x440 drivers/base/dd.c:799
 driver_probe_device+0x4c/0x1b0 drivers/base/dd.c:829
 __device_attach_driver+0x1df/0x310 drivers/base/dd.c:957
 bus_for_each_drv+0x159/0x1e0 drivers/base/bus.c:462
 __device_attach+0x1e4/0x4b0 drivers/base/dd.c:1029
 bus_probe_device+0x17f/0x1c0 drivers/base/bus.c:537
 device_add+0x1148/0x1a70 drivers/base/core.c:3692
 usb_new_device+0xd07/0x1a20 drivers/usb/core/hub.c:2663
 hub_port_connect drivers/usb/core/hub.c:5535 [inline]
 hub_port_connect_change drivers/usb/core/hub.c:5675 [inline]
 port_event drivers/usb/core/hub.c:5835 [inline]
 hub_event+0x2f85/0x5030 drivers/usb/core/hub.c:5917
 process_one_work+0x9cf/0x1b70 kernel/workqueue.c:3238
 process_scheduled_works kernel/workqueue.c:3321 [inline]
 worker_thread+0x6c8/0xf10 kernel/workqueue.c:3402
 kthread+0x3c5/0x780 kernel/kthread.c:464
 ret_from_fork+0x5b3/0x6c0 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:148
 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245

The buggy address belongs to the object at ffff888116498000
 which belongs to the cache kmalloc-4k of size 4096
The buggy address is located 336 bytes inside of
 freed 4096-byte region [ffff888116498000, ffff888116499000)

The buggy address belongs to the physical page:
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x0 pfn:0x116498
head: order:3 mapcount:0 entire_mapcount:0 nr_pages_mapped:0 pincount:0
flags: 0x200000000000040(head|node=0|zone=2)
page_type: f5(slab)
raw: 0200000000000040 ffff888100042140 dead000000000100 dead000000000122
raw: 0000000000000000 0000000000040004 00000000f5000000 0000000000000000
head: 0200000000000040 ffff888100042140 dead000000000100 dead000000000122
head: 0000000000000000 0000000000040004 00000000f5000000 0000000000000000
head: 0200000000000003 ffffea0004592601 00000000ffffffff 00000000ffffffff
head: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000008
page dumped because: kasan: bad access detected
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 3, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0xd20c0(__GFP_IO|__GFP_FS|__GFP_NOWARN|__GFP_NORETRY|__GFP_COMP|__GFP_NOMEMALLOC), pid 5532, tgid 5531 (syz.4.88), ts 129437473885, free_ts 129129470229
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x1c0/0x230 mm/page_alloc.c:1704
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1712 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0xf98/0x2ce0 mm/page_alloc.c:3669
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x259/0x21e0 mm/page_alloc.c:4959
 alloc_pages_mpol+0xe4/0x410 mm/mempolicy.c:2419
 alloc_slab_page mm/slub.c:2451 [inline]
 allocate_slab mm/slub.c:2619 [inline]
 new_slab+0x23b/0x330 mm/slub.c:2673
 ___slab_alloc+0xda5/0x1940 mm/slub.c:3859
 __slab_alloc.constprop.0+0x56/0xb0 mm/slub.c:3949
 __slab_alloc_node mm/slub.c:4024 [inline]
 slab_alloc_node mm/slub.c:4185 [inline]
 __kmalloc_cache_noprof+0x209/0x3c0 mm/slub.c:4354
 kmalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:905 [inline]
 kzalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:1039 [inline]
 dev_new drivers/usb/gadget/legacy/raw_gadget.c:192 [inline]
 raw_open+0x8b/0x500 drivers/usb/gadget/legacy/raw_gadget.c:434
 misc_open+0x35a/0x420 drivers/char/misc.c:161
 chrdev_open+0x231/0x6a0 fs/char_dev.c:414
 do_dentry_open+0x6d7/0x13a0 fs/open.c:964
 vfs_open+0x82/0x3f0 fs/open.c:1094
 do_open fs/namei.c:3887 [inline]
 path_openat+0x1de4/0x2cb0 fs/namei.c:4046
 do_filp_open+0x20b/0x470 fs/namei.c:4073
 do_sys_openat2+0x11b/0x1d0 fs/open.c:1437
page last free pid 2950 tgid 2950 stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1248 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0x78a/0x1040 mm/page_alloc.c:2706
 qlink_free mm/kasan/quarantine.c:163 [inline]
 qlist_free_all+0x4d/0x120 mm/kasan/quarantine.c:179
 kasan_quarantine_reduce+0x195/0x1e0 mm/kasan/quarantine.c:286
 __kasan_slab_alloc+0x4e/0x70 mm/kasan/common.c:329
 kasan_slab_alloc include/linux/kasan.h:250 [inline]
 slab_post_alloc_hook mm/slub.c:4148 [inline]
 kmem_cache_alloc_bulk_noprof+0x3ec/0xaa0 mm/slub.c:5374
 mt_alloc_bulk lib/maple_tree.c:181 [inline]
 mas_dup_alloc lib/maple_tree.c:6673 [inline]
 mas_dup_build.constprop.0+0xc52/0x1740 lib/maple_tree.c:6737
 __mt_dup+0xeb/0x1f0 lib/maple_tree.c:6801
 dup_mmap+0x373/0x2050 mm/mmap.c:1749
 dup_mm kernel/fork.c:1477 [inline]
 copy_mm kernel/fork.c:1529 [inline]
 copy_process+0x705c/0x7580 kernel/fork.c:2169
 kernel_clone+0xfc/0x960 kernel/fork.c:2599
 __do_sys_clone+0xce/0x120 kernel/fork.c:2742
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xcd/0x4b0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f

Memory state around the buggy address:
 ffff888116498000: fa fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb
 ffff888116498080: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb
>ffff888116498100: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb
                                                 ^
 ffff888116498180: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb
 ffff888116498200: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb
==================================================================