BUG: Bad page state in process syz.0.3821 pfn:290ec page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff8880290ecdc0 pfn:0x290ec flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff) raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff8880202e8000 0000000000000000 raw: ffff8880290ecdc0 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000 page dumped because: page_pool leak page_owner tracks the page as allocated page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 21393, tgid 21384 (syz.0.3821), ts 1463651402320, free_ts 1461592623100 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline] post_alloc_hook+0x240/0x2a0 mm/page_alloc.c:1850 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1858 [inline] get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3884 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5183 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5217 [inline] alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5137 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:254 [inline] __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:612 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline] page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline] page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline] skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:952 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5429 [inline] netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5470 [inline] do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x18f4/0x4380 net/core/dev.c:5889 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6077 [inline] __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6192 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6278 [inline] netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6337 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 page last free pid 15 tgid 15 stack trace: reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline] free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline] __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906 __tlb_remove_table_free mm/mmu_gather.c:227 [inline] tlb_remove_table_rcu+0x85/0x100 mm/mmu_gather.c:290 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline] rcu_core+0xcab/0x1770 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2861 handle_softirqs+0x286/0x870 kernel/softirq.c:622 run_ksoftirqd+0x9b/0x100 kernel/softirq.c:1063 smpboot_thread_fn+0x542/0xa60 kernel/smpboot.c:160 kthread+0x711/0x8a0 kernel/kthread.c:463 ret_from_fork+0x4bc/0x870 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245 Modules linked in: CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 21393 Comm: syz.0.3821 Not tainted syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/02/2025 Call Trace: dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline] free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline] __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4188 [inline] bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4212 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4234 [inline] bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4227 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:721 [inline] bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline] bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x606/0x13d0 net/core/dev.c:5360 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5476 [inline] do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x18f4/0x4380 net/core/dev.c:5889 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6077 [inline] __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6192 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6278 [inline] netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6337 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7fb8b518d97f Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48 RSP: 002b:00007fb8b5f45000 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fb8b53e6090 RCX: 00007fb8b518d97f RDX: 0000000000011dc0 RSI: 0000200000001180 RDI: 00000000000000c8 RBP: 00007fb8b5211f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000011dc0 R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00007fb8b53e6128 R14: 00007fb8b53e6090 R15: 00007ffeeea03df8 BUG: Bad page state in process syz.0.3821 pfn:74ce5 page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff8880533ecb40 pfn:0x74ce5 flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff) raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff8880202e8000 0000000000000000 raw: ffff8880533ecb40 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000 page dumped because: page_pool leak page_owner tracks the page as allocated page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 21393, tgid 21384 (syz.0.3821), ts 1463651383409, free_ts 1461759611978 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline] post_alloc_hook+0x240/0x2a0 mm/page_alloc.c:1850 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1858 [inline] get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3884 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5183 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5217 [inline] alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5137 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:254 [inline] __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:612 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline] page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline] page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline] skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:952 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5429 [inline] netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5470 [inline] do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x18f4/0x4380 net/core/dev.c:5889 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6077 [inline] __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6192 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6278 [inline] netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6337 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 page last free pid 21330 tgid 21324 stack trace: reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline] free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline] __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906 mm_free_pgd kernel/fork.c:541 [inline] __mmdrop+0xb5/0x570 kernel/fork.c:683 exit_mm+0x1da/0x2c0 kernel/exit.c:582 do_exit+0x648/0x2300 kernel/exit.c:954 do_group_exit+0x21c/0x2d0 kernel/exit.c:1107 get_signal+0x1285/0x1340 kernel/signal.c:3034 arch_do_signal_or_restart+0xa0/0x790 arch/x86/kernel/signal.c:337 exit_to_user_mode_loop+0x72/0x130 kernel/entry/common.c:40 exit_to_user_mode_prepare include/linux/irq-entry-common.h:225 [inline] syscall_exit_to_user_mode_work include/linux/entry-common.h:175 [inline] syscall_exit_to_user_mode include/linux/entry-common.h:210 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x2bd/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:100 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f Modules linked in: CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 21393 Comm: syz.0.3821 Tainted: G B syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/02/2025 Call Trace: dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline] free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline] __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4188 [inline] bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4212 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4234 [inline] bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4227 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:721 [inline] bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline] bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x606/0x13d0 net/core/dev.c:5360 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5476 [inline] do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x18f4/0x4380 net/core/dev.c:5889 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6077 [inline] __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6192 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6278 [inline] netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6337 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7fb8b518d97f Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48 RSP: 002b:00007fb8b5f45000 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fb8b53e6090 RCX: 00007fb8b518d97f RDX: 0000000000011dc0 RSI: 0000200000001180 RDI: 00000000000000c8 RBP: 00007fb8b5211f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000011dc0 R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00007fb8b53e6128 R14: 00007fb8b53e6090 R15: 00007ffeeea03df8 BUG: Bad page state in process syz.0.3821 pfn:54616 page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff888054616000 pfn:0x54616 flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff) raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff8880202e8000 0000000000000000 raw: ffff888054616000 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000 page dumped because: page_pool leak page_owner tracks the page as allocated page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 21393, tgid 21384 (syz.0.3821), ts 1463651364790, free_ts 1461770511032 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline] post_alloc_hook+0x240/0x2a0 mm/page_alloc.c:1850 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1858 [inline] get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3884 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5183 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5217 [inline] alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5137 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:254 [inline] __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:612 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline] page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline] page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline] skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:952 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5429 [inline] netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5470 [inline] do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x18f4/0x4380 net/core/dev.c:5889 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6077 [inline] __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6192 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6278 [inline] netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6337 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 page last free pid 21330 tgid 21324 stack trace: reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline] free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline] __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906 __tlb_remove_table_free mm/mmu_gather.c:227 [inline] tlb_remove_table_rcu+0x85/0x100 mm/mmu_gather.c:290 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline] rcu_core+0xcab/0x1770 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2861 handle_softirqs+0x286/0x870 kernel/softirq.c:622 __do_softirq kernel/softirq.c:656 [inline] invoke_softirq kernel/softirq.c:496 [inline] __irq_exit_rcu+0xca/0x1f0 kernel/softirq.c:723 irq_exit_rcu+0x9/0x30 kernel/softirq.c:739 instr_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1052 [inline] sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0xa6/0xc0 arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1052 asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x1a/0x20 arch/x86/include/asm/idtentry.h:702 Modules linked in: CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 21393 Comm: syz.0.3821 Tainted: G B syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/02/2025 Call Trace: dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline] free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline] __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4188 [inline] bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4212 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4234 [inline] bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4227 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:721 [inline] bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline] bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x606/0x13d0 net/core/dev.c:5360 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5476 [inline] do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x18f4/0x4380 net/core/dev.c:5889 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6077 [inline] __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6192 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6278 [inline] netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6337 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7fb8b518d97f Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48 RSP: 002b:00007fb8b5f45000 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fb8b53e6090 RCX: 00007fb8b518d97f RDX: 0000000000011dc0 RSI: 0000200000001180 RDI: 00000000000000c8 RBP: 00007fb8b5211f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000011dc0 R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00007fb8b53e6128 R14: 00007fb8b53e6090 R15: 00007ffeeea03df8 BUG: Bad page state in process syz.0.3821 pfn:69238 page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff888000000000 pfn:0x69238 flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff) raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff8880202e8000 0000000000000000 raw: ffff888000000000 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000 page dumped because: page_pool leak page_owner tracks the page as allocated page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 21393, tgid 21384 (syz.0.3821), ts 1463651346790, free_ts 1461770555533 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline] post_alloc_hook+0x240/0x2a0 mm/page_alloc.c:1850 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1858 [inline] get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3884 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5183 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5217 [inline] alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5137 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:254 [inline] __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:612 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline] page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline] page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline] skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:952 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5429 [inline] netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5470 [inline] do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x18f4/0x4380 net/core/dev.c:5889 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6077 [inline] __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6192 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6278 [inline] netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6337 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 page last free pid 21330 tgid 21324 stack trace: reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline] free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline] __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906 __tlb_remove_table_free mm/mmu_gather.c:227 [inline] tlb_remove_table_rcu+0x85/0x100 mm/mmu_gather.c:290 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline] rcu_core+0xcab/0x1770 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2861 handle_softirqs+0x286/0x870 kernel/softirq.c:622 __do_softirq kernel/softirq.c:656 [inline] invoke_softirq kernel/softirq.c:496 [inline] __irq_exit_rcu+0xca/0x1f0 kernel/softirq.c:723 irq_exit_rcu+0x9/0x30 kernel/softirq.c:739 instr_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1052 [inline] sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0xa6/0xc0 arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1052 asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x1a/0x20 arch/x86/include/asm/idtentry.h:702 Modules linked in: CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 21393 Comm: syz.0.3821 Tainted: G B syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/02/2025 Call Trace: dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline] free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline] __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4188 [inline] bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4212 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4234 [inline] bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4227 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:721 [inline] bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline] bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x606/0x13d0 net/core/dev.c:5360 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5476 [inline] do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x18f4/0x4380 net/core/dev.c:5889 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6077 [inline] __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6192 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6278 [inline] netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6337 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7fb8b518d97f Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48 RSP: 002b:00007fb8b5f45000 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fb8b53e6090 RCX: 00007fb8b518d97f RDX: 0000000000011dc0 RSI: 0000200000001180 RDI: 00000000000000c8 RBP: 00007fb8b5211f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000011dc0 R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00007fb8b53e6128 R14: 00007fb8b53e6090 R15: 00007ffeeea03df8 BUG: Bad page state in process syz.0.3821 pfn:23e13 page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff888023e13dc0 pfn:0x23e13 flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff) raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff8880202e8000 0000000000000000 raw: ffff888023e13dc0 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000 page dumped because: page_pool leak page_owner tracks the page as allocated page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 21393, tgid 21384 (syz.0.3821), ts 1463651328399, free_ts 1461770597922 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline] post_alloc_hook+0x240/0x2a0 mm/page_alloc.c:1850 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1858 [inline] get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3884 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5183 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5217 [inline] alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5137 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:254 [inline] __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:612 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline] page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline] page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline] skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:952 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5429 [inline] netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5470 [inline] do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x18f4/0x4380 net/core/dev.c:5889 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6077 [inline] __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6192 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6278 [inline] netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6337 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 page last free pid 21330 tgid 21324 stack trace: reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline] free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline] __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906 __tlb_remove_table_free mm/mmu_gather.c:227 [inline] tlb_remove_table_rcu+0x85/0x100 mm/mmu_gather.c:290 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline] rcu_core+0xcab/0x1770 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2861 handle_softirqs+0x286/0x870 kernel/softirq.c:622 __do_softirq kernel/softirq.c:656 [inline] invoke_softirq kernel/softirq.c:496 [inline] __irq_exit_rcu+0xca/0x1f0 kernel/softirq.c:723 irq_exit_rcu+0x9/0x30 kernel/softirq.c:739 instr_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1052 [inline] sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0xa6/0xc0 arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1052 asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x1a/0x20 arch/x86/include/asm/idtentry.h:702 Modules linked in: CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 21393 Comm: syz.0.3821 Tainted: G B syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/02/2025 Call Trace: dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline] free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline] __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4188 [inline] bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4212 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4234 [inline] bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4227 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:721 [inline] bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline] bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x606/0x13d0 net/core/dev.c:5360 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5476 [inline] do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x18f4/0x4380 net/core/dev.c:5889 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6077 [inline] __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6192 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6278 [inline] netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6337 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7fb8b518d97f Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48 RSP: 002b:00007fb8b5f45000 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fb8b53e6090 RCX: 00007fb8b518d97f RDX: 0000000000011dc0 RSI: 0000200000001180 RDI: 00000000000000c8 RBP: 00007fb8b5211f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000011dc0 R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00007fb8b53e6128 R14: 00007fb8b53e6090 R15: 00007ffeeea03df8 BUG: Bad page state in process syz.0.3821 pfn:75612 page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff888075612640 pfn:0x75612 flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff) raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff8880202e8000 0000000000000000 raw: ffff888075612640 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000 page dumped because: page_pool leak page_owner tracks the page as allocated page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 21393, tgid 21384 (syz.0.3821), ts 1463651309489, free_ts 1461770640272 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline] post_alloc_hook+0x240/0x2a0 mm/page_alloc.c:1850 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1858 [inline] get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3884 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5183 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5217 [inline] alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5137 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:254 [inline] __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:612 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline] page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline] page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline] skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:952 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5429 [inline] netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5470 [inline] do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x18f4/0x4380 net/core/dev.c:5889 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6077 [inline] __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6192 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6278 [inline] netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6337 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 page last free pid 21330 tgid 21324 stack trace: reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline] free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline] __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906 __tlb_remove_table_free mm/mmu_gather.c:227 [inline] tlb_remove_table_rcu+0x85/0x100 mm/mmu_gather.c:290 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline] rcu_core+0xcab/0x1770 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2861 handle_softirqs+0x286/0x870 kernel/softirq.c:622 __do_softirq kernel/softirq.c:656 [inline] invoke_softirq kernel/softirq.c:496 [inline] __irq_exit_rcu+0xca/0x1f0 kernel/softirq.c:723 irq_exit_rcu+0x9/0x30 kernel/softirq.c:739 instr_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1052 [inline] sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0xa6/0xc0 arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1052 asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x1a/0x20 arch/x86/include/asm/idtentry.h:702 Modules linked in: CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 21393 Comm: syz.0.3821 Tainted: G B syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/02/2025 Call Trace: dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline] free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline] __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4188 [inline] bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4212 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4234 [inline] bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4227 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:721 [inline] bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline] bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x606/0x13d0 net/core/dev.c:5360 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5476 [inline] do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x18f4/0x4380 net/core/dev.c:5889 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6077 [inline] __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6192 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6278 [inline] netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6337 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7fb8b518d97f Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48 RSP: 002b:00007fb8b5f45000 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fb8b53e6090 RCX: 00007fb8b518d97f RDX: 0000000000011dc0 RSI: 0000200000001180 RDI: 00000000000000c8 RBP: 00007fb8b5211f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000011dc0 R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00007fb8b53e6128 R14: 00007fb8b53e6090 R15: 00007ffeeea03df8 BUG: Bad page state in process syz.0.3821 pfn:755a1 page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff888000000000 pfn:0x755a1 flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff) raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff8880202e8000 0000000000000000 raw: ffff888000000000 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000 page dumped because: page_pool leak page_owner tracks the page as allocated page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 21393, tgid 21384 (syz.0.3821), ts 1463651290769, free_ts 1461770683383 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline] post_alloc_hook+0x240/0x2a0 mm/page_alloc.c:1850 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1858 [inline] get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3884 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5183 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5217 [inline] alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5137 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:254 [inline] __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:612 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline] page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline] page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline] skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:952 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5429 [inline] netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5470 [inline] do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x18f4/0x4380 net/core/dev.c:5889 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6077 [inline] __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6192 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6278 [inline] netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6337 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 page last free pid 21330 tgid 21324 stack trace: reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline] free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline] __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906 __tlb_remove_table_free mm/mmu_gather.c:227 [inline] tlb_remove_table_rcu+0x85/0x100 mm/mmu_gather.c:290 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline] rcu_core+0xcab/0x1770 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2861 handle_softirqs+0x286/0x870 kernel/softirq.c:622 __do_softirq kernel/softirq.c:656 [inline] invoke_softirq kernel/softirq.c:496 [inline] __irq_exit_rcu+0xca/0x1f0 kernel/softirq.c:723 irq_exit_rcu+0x9/0x30 kernel/softirq.c:739 instr_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1052 [inline] sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0xa6/0xc0 arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1052 asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x1a/0x20 arch/x86/include/asm/idtentry.h:702 Modules linked in: CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 21393 Comm: syz.0.3821 Tainted: G B syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/02/2025 Call Trace: dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline] free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline] __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4188 [inline] bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4212 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4234 [inline] bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4227 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:721 [inline] bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline] bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x606/0x13d0 net/core/dev.c:5360 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5476 [inline] do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x18f4/0x4380 net/core/dev.c:5889 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6077 [inline] __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6192 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6278 [inline] netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6337 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7fb8b518d97f Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48 RSP: 002b:00007fb8b5f45000 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fb8b53e6090 RCX: 00007fb8b518d97f RDX: 0000000000011dc0 RSI: 0000200000001180 RDI: 00000000000000c8 RBP: 00007fb8b5211f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000011dc0 R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00007fb8b53e6128 R14: 00007fb8b53e6090 R15: 00007ffeeea03df8 BUG: Bad page state in process syz.0.3821 pfn:54614 page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff888000000000 pfn:0x54614 flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff) raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff8880202e8000 0000000000000000 raw: ffff888000000000 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000 page dumped because: page_pool leak page_owner tracks the page as allocated page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 21393, tgid 21384 (syz.0.3821), ts 1463651272399, free_ts 1461770742863 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline] post_alloc_hook+0x240/0x2a0 mm/page_alloc.c:1850 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1858 [inline] get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3884 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5183 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5217 [inline] alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5137 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:254 [inline] __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:612 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline] page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline] page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline] skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:952 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5429 [inline] netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5470 [inline] do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x18f4/0x4380 net/core/dev.c:5889 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6077 [inline] __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6192 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6278 [inline] netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6337 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 page last free pid 21330 tgid 21324 stack trace: reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline] free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline] __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906 __tlb_remove_table_free mm/mmu_gather.c:227 [inline] tlb_remove_table_rcu+0x85/0x100 mm/mmu_gather.c:290 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline] rcu_core+0xcab/0x1770 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2861 handle_softirqs+0x286/0x870 kernel/softirq.c:622 __do_softirq kernel/softirq.c:656 [inline] invoke_softirq kernel/softirq.c:496 [inline] __irq_exit_rcu+0xca/0x1f0 kernel/softirq.c:723 irq_exit_rcu+0x9/0x30 kernel/softirq.c:739 instr_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1052 [inline] sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0xa6/0xc0 arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1052 asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x1a/0x20 arch/x86/include/asm/idtentry.h:702 Modules linked in: CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 21393 Comm: syz.0.3821 Tainted: G B syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/02/2025 Call Trace: dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline] free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline] __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4188 [inline] bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4212 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4234 [inline] bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4227 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:721 [inline] bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline] bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x606/0x13d0 net/core/dev.c:5360 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5476 [inline] do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x18f4/0x4380 net/core/dev.c:5889 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6077 [inline] __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6192 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6278 [inline] netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6337 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7fb8b518d97f Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48 RSP: 002b:00007fb8b5f45000 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fb8b53e6090 RCX: 00007fb8b518d97f RDX: 0000000000011dc0 RSI: 0000200000001180 RDI: 00000000000000c8 RBP: 00007fb8b5211f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000011dc0 R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00007fb8b53e6128 R14: 00007fb8b53e6090 R15: 00007ffeeea03df8 BUG: Bad page state in process syz.0.3821 pfn:54615 page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff888054615000 pfn:0x54615 flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff) raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff8880202e8000 0000000000000000 raw: ffff888054615000 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000 page dumped because: page_pool leak page_owner tracks the page as allocated page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 21393, tgid 21384 (syz.0.3821), ts 1463651253270, free_ts 1461770763453 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline] post_alloc_hook+0x240/0x2a0 mm/page_alloc.c:1850 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1858 [inline] get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3884 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5183 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5217 [inline] alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5137 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:254 [inline] __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:612 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline] page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline] page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline] skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:952 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5429 [inline] netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5470 [inline] do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x18f4/0x4380 net/core/dev.c:5889 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6077 [inline] __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6192 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6278 [inline] netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6337 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 page last free pid 21330 tgid 21324 stack trace: reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline] free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline] __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906 __tlb_remove_table_free mm/mmu_gather.c:227 [inline] tlb_remove_table_rcu+0x85/0x100 mm/mmu_gather.c:290 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline] rcu_core+0xcab/0x1770 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2861 handle_softirqs+0x286/0x870 kernel/softirq.c:622 __do_softirq kernel/softirq.c:656 [inline] invoke_softirq kernel/softirq.c:496 [inline] __irq_exit_rcu+0xca/0x1f0 kernel/softirq.c:723 irq_exit_rcu+0x9/0x30 kernel/softirq.c:739 instr_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1052 [inline] sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0xa6/0xc0 arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1052 asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x1a/0x20 arch/x86/include/asm/idtentry.h:702 Modules linked in: CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 21393 Comm: syz.0.3821 Tainted: G B syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/02/2025 Call Trace: dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline] free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline] __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4188 [inline] bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4212 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4234 [inline] bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4227 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:721 [inline] bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline] bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x606/0x13d0 net/core/dev.c:5360 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5476 [inline] do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x18f4/0x4380 net/core/dev.c:5889 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6077 [inline] __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6192 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6278 [inline] netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6337 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7fb8b518d97f Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48 RSP: 002b:00007fb8b5f45000 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fb8b53e6090 RCX: 00007fb8b518d97f RDX: 0000000000011dc0 RSI: 0000200000001180 RDI: 00000000000000c8 RBP: 00007fb8b5211f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000011dc0 R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00007fb8b53e6128 R14: 00007fb8b53e6090 R15: 00007ffeeea03df8 BUG: Bad page state in process syz.0.3821 pfn:2e49b page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff88802e49bdc0 pfn:0x2e49b flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff) raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff8880202e8000 0000000000000000 raw: ffff88802e49bdc0 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000 page dumped because: page_pool leak page_owner tracks the page as allocated page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 21393, tgid 21384 (syz.0.3821), ts 1463651234740, free_ts 1461770815493 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline] post_alloc_hook+0x240/0x2a0 mm/page_alloc.c:1850 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1858 [inline] get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3884 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5183 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5217 [inline] alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5137 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:254 [inline] __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:612 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline] page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline] page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline] skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:952 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5429 [inline] netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5470 [inline] do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x18f4/0x4380 net/core/dev.c:5889 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6077 [inline] __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6192 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6278 [inline] netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6337 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 page last free pid 21330 tgid 21324 stack trace: reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline] free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline] __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906 __tlb_remove_table_free mm/mmu_gather.c:227 [inline] tlb_remove_table_rcu+0x85/0x100 mm/mmu_gather.c:290 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline] rcu_core+0xcab/0x1770 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2861 handle_softirqs+0x286/0x870 kernel/softirq.c:622 __do_softirq kernel/softirq.c:656 [inline] invoke_softirq kernel/softirq.c:496 [inline] __irq_exit_rcu+0xca/0x1f0 kernel/softirq.c:723 irq_exit_rcu+0x9/0x30 kernel/softirq.c:739 instr_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1052 [inline] sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0xa6/0xc0 arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1052 asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x1a/0x20 arch/x86/include/asm/idtentry.h:702 Modules linked in: CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 21393 Comm: syz.0.3821 Tainted: G B syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/02/2025 Call Trace: dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline] free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline] __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4188 [inline] bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4212 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4234 [inline] bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4227 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:721 [inline] bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline] bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x606/0x13d0 net/core/dev.c:5360 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5476 [inline] do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x18f4/0x4380 net/core/dev.c:5889 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6077 [inline] __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6192 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6278 [inline] netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6337 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7fb8b518d97f Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48 RSP: 002b:00007fb8b5f45000 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fb8b53e6090 RCX: 00007fb8b518d97f RDX: 0000000000011dc0 RSI: 0000200000001180 RDI: 00000000000000c8 RBP: 00007fb8b5211f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000011dc0 R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00007fb8b53e6128 R14: 00007fb8b53e6090 R15: 00007ffeeea03df8 BUG: Bad page state in process syz.0.3821 pfn:754de page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff8880754dec80 pfn:0x754de flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff) raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff8880202e8000 0000000000000000 raw: ffff8880754dec80 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000 page dumped because: page_pool leak page_owner tracks the page as allocated page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 21393, tgid 21384 (syz.0.3821), ts 1463651216190, free_ts 1461770857893 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline] post_alloc_hook+0x240/0x2a0 mm/page_alloc.c:1850 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1858 [inline] get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3884 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5183 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5217 [inline] alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5137 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:254 [inline] __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:612 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline] page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline] page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline] skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:952 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5429 [inline] netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5470 [inline] do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x18f4/0x4380 net/core/dev.c:5889 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6077 [inline] __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6192 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6278 [inline] netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6337 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 page last free pid 21330 tgid 21324 stack trace: reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline] free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline] __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906 __tlb_remove_table_free mm/mmu_gather.c:227 [inline] tlb_remove_table_rcu+0x85/0x100 mm/mmu_gather.c:290 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline] rcu_core+0xcab/0x1770 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2861 handle_softirqs+0x286/0x870 kernel/softirq.c:622 __do_softirq kernel/softirq.c:656 [inline] invoke_softirq kernel/softirq.c:496 [inline] __irq_exit_rcu+0xca/0x1f0 kernel/softirq.c:723 irq_exit_rcu+0x9/0x30 kernel/softirq.c:739 instr_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1052 [inline] sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0xa6/0xc0 arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1052 asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x1a/0x20 arch/x86/include/asm/idtentry.h:702 Modules linked in: CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 21393 Comm: syz.0.3821 Tainted: G B syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/02/2025 Call Trace: dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline] free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline] __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4188 [inline] bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4212 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4234 [inline] bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4227 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:721 [inline] bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline] bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x606/0x13d0 net/core/dev.c:5360 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5476 [inline] do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x18f4/0x4380 net/core/dev.c:5889 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6077 [inline] __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6192 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6278 [inline] netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6337 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7fb8b518d97f Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48 RSP: 002b:00007fb8b5f45000 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fb8b53e6090 RCX: 00007fb8b518d97f RDX: 0000000000011dc0 RSI: 0000200000001180 RDI: 00000000000000c8 RBP: 00007fb8b5211f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000011dc0 R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00007fb8b53e6128 R14: 00007fb8b53e6090 R15: 00007ffeeea03df8