==================================================================
BUG: KCSAN: data-race in set_nlink / set_nlink

read to 0xffff88810785a780 of 4 bytes by task 11726 on cpu 1:
 set_nlink+0x29/0xb0 fs/inode.c:-1
 kernfs_refresh_inode fs/kernfs/inode.c:182 [inline]
 kernfs_iop_permission+0x1e2/0x220 fs/kernfs/inode.c:290
 do_inode_permission fs/namei.c:526 [inline]
 inode_permission+0x2de/0x3c0 fs/namei.c:596
 lookup_inode_permission_may_exec fs/namei.c:636 [inline]
 may_lookup fs/namei.c:1900 [inline]
 link_path_walk+0x779/0xe30 fs/namei.c:2537
 path_openat+0x1c0/0x23b0 fs/namei.c:4783
 do_filp_open+0x109/0x230 fs/namei.c:4814
 do_sys_openat2+0xa6/0x150 fs/open.c:1430
 do_sys_open fs/open.c:1436 [inline]
 __do_sys_openat fs/open.c:1452 [inline]
 __se_sys_openat fs/open.c:1447 [inline]
 __x64_sys_openat+0xf2/0x120 fs/open.c:1447
 x64_sys_call+0x2b07/0x3000 arch/x86/include/generated/asm/syscalls_64.h:258
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xd8/0x2a0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f

write to 0xffff88810785a780 of 4 bytes by task 3011 on cpu 0:
 set_nlink+0x99/0xb0 fs/inode.c:458
 kernfs_refresh_inode fs/kernfs/inode.c:182 [inline]
 kernfs_iop_permission+0x1e2/0x220 fs/kernfs/inode.c:290
 do_inode_permission fs/namei.c:526 [inline]
 inode_permission+0x2de/0x3c0 fs/namei.c:596
 lookup_inode_permission_may_exec fs/namei.c:636 [inline]
 may_lookup fs/namei.c:1900 [inline]
 link_path_walk+0x779/0xe30 fs/namei.c:2537
 path_openat+0x1c0/0x23b0 fs/namei.c:4783
 do_filp_open+0x109/0x230 fs/namei.c:4814
 do_sys_openat2+0xa6/0x150 fs/open.c:1430
 do_sys_open fs/open.c:1436 [inline]
 __do_sys_openat fs/open.c:1452 [inline]
 __se_sys_openat fs/open.c:1447 [inline]
 __x64_sys_openat+0xf2/0x120 fs/open.c:1447
 x64_sys_call+0x2b07/0x3000 arch/x86/include/generated/asm/syscalls_64.h:258
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xd8/0x2a0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f

value changed: 0x0000001f -> 0x0000001e

Reported by Kernel Concurrency Sanitizer on:
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 3011 Comm: udevd Not tainted syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(voluntary) 
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
==================================================================