------------[ cut here ]------------ refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free. WARNING: lib/refcount.c:28 at 0x0, CPU#1: kbnepd bnep0/8407 Modules linked in: CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 8407 Comm: kbnepd bnep0 Not tainted syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025 RIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0xb2/0x110 lib/refcount.c:28 Code: 74 26 00 0b 67 48 0f b9 3a eb 4a e8 d8 d2 36 fd 48 8d 3d 71 26 00 0b 67 48 0f b9 3a eb 37 e8 c5 d2 36 fd 48 8d 3d 6e 26 00 0b <67> 48 0f b9 3a eb 24 e8 b2 d2 36 fd 48 8d 3d 6b 26 00 0b 67 48 0f RSP: 0018:ffffc90005497700 EFLAGS: 00010293 RAX: ffffffff848a779b RBX: 0000000000000003 RCX: ffff8880441edb80 RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: ffffffff8e67b660 RDI: ffffffff8f8a9e10 RBP: 0000000000000000 R08: ffff8880441edb80 R09: 0000000000000005 R10: 0000000000000004 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: dffffc0000000000 R13: ffff8880556ca860 R14: ffff8880556ca878 R15: ffffffff85c80520 FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff8881261b1000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 00007f5fe3f156c0 CR3: 00000000331f6000 CR4: 00000000003526f0 Call Trace: __refcount_sub_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:400 [inline] __refcount_dec_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:432 [inline] refcount_dec_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:450 [inline] kref_put include/linux/kref.h:64 [inline] klist_dec_and_del+0x3c7/0x3d0 lib/klist.c:206 klist_put lib/klist.c:217 [inline] klist_del+0xa6/0x110 lib/klist.c:230 device_del+0x280/0x8e0 drivers/base/core.c:3855 unregister_netdevice_many_notify+0x1da6/0x2310 net/core/dev.c:12416 unregister_netdevice_many net/core/dev.c:12444 [inline] unregister_netdevice_queue net/core/dev.c:12258 [inline] unregister_netdevice include/linux/netdevice.h:3405 [inline] unregister_netdev+0x157/0x1f0 net/core/dev.c:12462 bnep_session+0x294d/0x2b40 net/bluetooth/bnep/core.c:525 kthread+0x711/0x8a0 kernel/kthread.c:463 ret_from_fork+0x599/0xb30 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:246 ---------------- Code disassembly (best guess): 0: 74 26 je 0x28 2: 00 0b add %cl,(%rbx) 4: 67 48 0f b9 3a ud1 (%edx),%rdi 9: eb 4a jmp 0x55 b: e8 d8 d2 36 fd call 0xfd36d2e8 10: 48 8d 3d 71 26 00 0b lea 0xb002671(%rip),%rdi # 0xb002688 17: 67 48 0f b9 3a ud1 (%edx),%rdi 1c: eb 37 jmp 0x55 1e: e8 c5 d2 36 fd call 0xfd36d2e8 23: 48 8d 3d 6e 26 00 0b lea 0xb00266e(%rip),%rdi # 0xb002698 * 2a: 67 48 0f b9 3a ud1 (%edx),%rdi <-- trapping instruction 2f: eb 24 jmp 0x55 31: e8 b2 d2 36 fd call 0xfd36d2e8 36: 48 8d 3d 6b 26 00 0b lea 0xb00266b(%rip),%rdi # 0xb0026a8 3d: 67 addr32 3e: 48 rex.W 3f: 0f .byte 0xf