================================================================== BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in __cpa_addr arch/x86/mm/pat/set_memory.c:309 [inline] BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in __cpa_addr+0x1d3/0x220 arch/x86/mm/pat/set_memory.c:306 Read of size 8 at addr ffff888024bb98f8 by task syz.4.2129/16474 CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 16474 Comm: syz.4.2129 Not tainted syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/02/2025 Call Trace: __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0x116/0x1f0 lib/dump_stack.c:120 print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:378 [inline] print_report+0xcd/0x630 mm/kasan/report.c:482 kasan_report+0xe0/0x110 mm/kasan/report.c:595 __cpa_addr arch/x86/mm/pat/set_memory.c:309 [inline] __cpa_addr+0x1d3/0x220 arch/x86/mm/pat/set_memory.c:306 cpa_flush+0x28b/0x8a0 arch/x86/mm/pat/set_memory.c:449 change_page_attr_set_clr+0x34e/0x4a0 arch/x86/mm/pat/set_memory.c:2115 cpa_set_pages_array arch/x86/mm/pat/set_memory.c:2137 [inline] _set_pages_array+0x1ab/0x2c0 arch/x86/mm/pat/set_memory.c:2521 drm_gem_shmem_get_pages_locked+0x384/0x490 drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem_shmem_helper.c:214 drm_gem_shmem_mmap drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem_shmem_helper.c:646 [inline] drm_gem_shmem_mmap+0xc9/0x550 drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem_shmem_helper.c:620 drm_gem_mmap_obj+0x1b5/0x560 drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem.c:1167 drm_gem_mmap+0x40b/0x620 drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem.c:1245 vfs_mmap include/linux/fs.h:2405 [inline] mmap_file mm/internal.h:167 [inline] __mmap_new_file_vma mm/vma.c:2413 [inline] __mmap_new_vma mm/vma.c:2476 [inline] __mmap_region+0x1309/0x27a0 mm/vma.c:2670 mmap_region+0x1ab/0x3f0 mm/vma.c:2740 do_mmap+0xa3e/0x1210 mm/mmap.c:558 vm_mmap_pgoff+0x29e/0x470 mm/util.c:581 ksys_mmap_pgoff+0x32c/0x5c0 mm/mmap.c:604 __do_sys_mmap arch/x86/kernel/sys_x86_64.c:89 [inline] __se_sys_mmap arch/x86/kernel/sys_x86_64.c:82 [inline] __x64_sys_mmap+0x125/0x190 arch/x86/kernel/sys_x86_64.c:82 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xcd/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7fb3cc58efc9 Code: ff ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 40 00 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 a8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48 RSP: 002b:00007fb3cd50f038 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000009 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fb3cc7e5fa0 RCX: 00007fb3cc58efc9 RDX: 0000000000000004 RSI: 0000000000004000 RDI: 0000200000001000 RBP: 00007fb3cc611f91 R08: 0000000000000003 R09: 0000000100000000 R10: 0000000000000011 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00007fb3cc7e6038 R14: 00007fb3cc7e5fa0 R15: 00007ffc7596fbd8 Allocated by task 16474: kasan_save_stack+0x33/0x60 mm/kasan/common.c:56 kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30 mm/kasan/common.c:77 poison_kmalloc_redzone mm/kasan/common.c:400 [inline] __kasan_kmalloc+0xaa/0xb0 mm/kasan/common.c:417 kasan_kmalloc include/linux/kasan.h:262 [inline] __do_kmalloc_node mm/slub.c:5634 [inline] __kvmalloc_node_noprof+0x3a3/0x9c0 mm/slub.c:7089 kvmalloc_array_node_noprof include/linux/slab.h:1122 [inline] drm_gem_get_pages+0x144/0xa10 drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem.c:647 drm_gem_shmem_get_pages_locked+0x1e6/0x490 drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem_shmem_helper.c:200 drm_gem_shmem_mmap drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem_shmem_helper.c:646 [inline] drm_gem_shmem_mmap+0xc9/0x550 drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem_shmem_helper.c:620 drm_gem_mmap_obj+0x1b5/0x560 drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem.c:1167 drm_gem_mmap+0x40b/0x620 drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem.c:1245 vfs_mmap include/linux/fs.h:2405 [inline] mmap_file mm/internal.h:167 [inline] __mmap_new_file_vma mm/vma.c:2413 [inline] __mmap_new_vma mm/vma.c:2476 [inline] __mmap_region+0x1309/0x27a0 mm/vma.c:2670 mmap_region+0x1ab/0x3f0 mm/vma.c:2740 do_mmap+0xa3e/0x1210 mm/mmap.c:558 vm_mmap_pgoff+0x29e/0x470 mm/util.c:581 ksys_mmap_pgoff+0x32c/0x5c0 mm/mmap.c:604 __do_sys_mmap arch/x86/kernel/sys_x86_64.c:89 [inline] __se_sys_mmap arch/x86/kernel/sys_x86_64.c:82 [inline] __x64_sys_mmap+0x125/0x190 arch/x86/kernel/sys_x86_64.c:82 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xcd/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f The buggy address belongs to the object at ffff888024bb9800 which belongs to the cache kmalloc-256 of size 256 The buggy address is located 0 bytes to the right of allocated 248-byte region [ffff888024bb9800, ffff888024bb98f8) The buggy address belongs to the physical page: page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x0 pfn:0x24bb8 head: order:1 mapcount:0 entire_mapcount:0 nr_pages_mapped:0 pincount:0 flags: 0xfff00000000040(head|node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff) page_type: f5(slab) raw: 00fff00000000040 ffff88813ffa6b40 ffffea0000c90100 dead000000000006 raw: 0000000000000000 0000000080100010 00000000f5000000 0000000000000000 head: 00fff00000000040 ffff88813ffa6b40 ffffea0000c90100 dead000000000006 head: 0000000000000000 0000000080100010 00000000f5000000 0000000000000000 head: 00fff00000000001 ffffea000092ee01 00000000ffffffff 00000000ffffffff head: ffffffffffffffff 0000000000000000 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000002 page dumped because: kasan: bad access detected page_owner tracks the page as allocated page last allocated via order 1, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0xd20c0(__GFP_IO|__GFP_FS|__GFP_NOWARN|__GFP_NORETRY|__GFP_COMP|__GFP_NOMEMALLOC), pid 5825, tgid 5825 (syz-executor), ts 111292038232, free_ts 111199324641 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline] post_alloc_hook+0x1c0/0x230 mm/page_alloc.c:1850 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1858 [inline] get_page_from_freelist+0x10a3/0x3a30 mm/page_alloc.c:3884 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x25f/0x2470 mm/page_alloc.c:5183 alloc_pages_mpol+0x1fb/0x550 mm/mempolicy.c:2416 alloc_slab_page mm/slub.c:3046 [inline] allocate_slab mm/slub.c:3219 [inline] new_slab+0x24a/0x360 mm/slub.c:3273 ___slab_alloc+0xdc4/0x1ae0 mm/slub.c:4643 __slab_alloc.constprop.0+0x63/0x110 mm/slub.c:4762 __slab_alloc_node mm/slub.c:4838 [inline] slab_alloc_node mm/slub.c:5260 [inline] __do_kmalloc_node mm/slub.c:5633 [inline] __kmalloc_noprof+0x501/0x880 mm/slub.c:5646 kmalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:961 [inline] kzalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:1094 [inline] fib_create_info+0x53f/0x46b0 net/ipv4/fib_semantics.c:1402 fib_table_insert+0x177/0x1c40 net/ipv4/fib_trie.c:1212 fib_magic+0x4d4/0x5c0 net/ipv4/fib_frontend.c:1134 fib_add_ifaddr+0x4d2/0x580 net/ipv4/fib_frontend.c:1178 fib_netdev_event+0x38a/0x710 net/ipv4/fib_frontend.c:1516 notifier_call_chain+0xbc/0x410 kernel/notifier.c:85 call_netdevice_notifiers_info+0xbe/0x140 net/core/dev.c:2229 call_netdevice_notifiers_extack net/core/dev.c:2267 [inline] call_netdevice_notifiers net/core/dev.c:2281 [inline] __dev_notify_flags+0x12c/0x2e0 net/core/dev.c:9676 page last free pid 43 tgid 43 stack trace: reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline] free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline] __free_frozen_pages+0x7df/0x1160 mm/page_alloc.c:2906 qlink_free mm/kasan/quarantine.c:163 [inline] qlist_free_all+0x4d/0x120 mm/kasan/quarantine.c:179 kasan_quarantine_reduce+0x195/0x1e0 mm/kasan/quarantine.c:286 __kasan_slab_alloc+0x69/0x90 mm/kasan/common.c:352 kasan_slab_alloc include/linux/kasan.h:252 [inline] slab_post_alloc_hook mm/slub.c:4962 [inline] slab_alloc_node mm/slub.c:5272 [inline] __kmalloc_cache_noprof+0x274/0x780 mm/slub.c:5750 kmalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:957 [inline] kzalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:1094 [inline] nsim_fib6_rt_create drivers/net/netdevsim/fib.c:547 [inline] nsim_fib6_rt_insert drivers/net/netdevsim/fib.c:752 [inline] nsim_fib6_event drivers/net/netdevsim/fib.c:856 [inline] nsim_fib_event drivers/net/netdevsim/fib.c:889 [inline] nsim_fib_event_work+0x1938/0x6da0 drivers/net/netdevsim/fib.c:1493 process_one_work+0x9cf/0x1b70 kernel/workqueue.c:3263 process_scheduled_works kernel/workqueue.c:3346 [inline] worker_thread+0x6c8/0xf10 kernel/workqueue.c:3427 kthread+0x3c5/0x780 kernel/kthread.c:463 ret_from_fork+0x675/0x7d0 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245 Memory state around the buggy address: ffff888024bb9780: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc ffff888024bb9800: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 >ffff888024bb9880: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 fc ^ ffff888024bb9900: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc ffff888024bb9980: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc ================================================================== ================================================================== BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in __cpa_addr arch/x86/mm/pat/set_memory.c:309 [inline] BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in __cpa_addr+0x1d3/0x220 arch/x86/mm/pat/set_memory.c:306 Read of size 8 at addr ffff888024bb98f8 by task syz.4.2129/16474 CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 16474 Comm: syz.4.2129 Tainted: G B syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/02/2025 Call Trace: __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0x116/0x1f0 lib/dump_stack.c:120 print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:378 [inline] print_report+0xcd/0x630 mm/kasan/report.c:482 kasan_report+0xe0/0x110 mm/kasan/report.c:595 __cpa_addr arch/x86/mm/pat/set_memory.c:309 [inline] __cpa_addr+0x1d3/0x220 arch/x86/mm/pat/set_memory.c:306 cpa_flush+0x28b/0x8a0 arch/x86/mm/pat/set_memory.c:449 change_page_attr_set_clr+0x34e/0x4a0 arch/x86/mm/pat/set_memory.c:2115 _set_pages_array+0x20a/0x2c0 arch/x86/mm/pat/set_memory.c:2524 drm_gem_shmem_get_pages_locked+0x384/0x490 drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem_shmem_helper.c:214 drm_gem_shmem_mmap drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem_shmem_helper.c:646 [inline] drm_gem_shmem_mmap+0xc9/0x550 drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem_shmem_helper.c:620 drm_gem_mmap_obj+0x1b5/0x560 drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem.c:1167 drm_gem_mmap+0x40b/0x620 drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem.c:1245 vfs_mmap include/linux/fs.h:2405 [inline] mmap_file mm/internal.h:167 [inline] __mmap_new_file_vma mm/vma.c:2413 [inline] __mmap_new_vma mm/vma.c:2476 [inline] __mmap_region+0x1309/0x27a0 mm/vma.c:2670 mmap_region+0x1ab/0x3f0 mm/vma.c:2740 do_mmap+0xa3e/0x1210 mm/mmap.c:558 vm_mmap_pgoff+0x29e/0x470 mm/util.c:581 ksys_mmap_pgoff+0x32c/0x5c0 mm/mmap.c:604 __do_sys_mmap arch/x86/kernel/sys_x86_64.c:89 [inline] __se_sys_mmap arch/x86/kernel/sys_x86_64.c:82 [inline] __x64_sys_mmap+0x125/0x190 arch/x86/kernel/sys_x86_64.c:82 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xcd/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7fb3cc58efc9 Code: ff ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 40 00 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 a8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48 RSP: 002b:00007fb3cd50f038 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000009 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fb3cc7e5fa0 RCX: 00007fb3cc58efc9 RDX: 0000000000000004 RSI: 0000000000004000 RDI: 0000200000001000 RBP: 00007fb3cc611f91 R08: 0000000000000003 R09: 0000000100000000 R10: 0000000000000011 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00007fb3cc7e6038 R14: 00007fb3cc7e5fa0 R15: 00007ffc7596fbd8 Allocated by task 16474: kasan_save_stack+0x33/0x60 mm/kasan/common.c:56 kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30 mm/kasan/common.c:77 poison_kmalloc_redzone mm/kasan/common.c:400 [inline] __kasan_kmalloc+0xaa/0xb0 mm/kasan/common.c:417 kasan_kmalloc include/linux/kasan.h:262 [inline] __do_kmalloc_node mm/slub.c:5634 [inline] __kvmalloc_node_noprof+0x3a3/0x9c0 mm/slub.c:7089 kvmalloc_array_node_noprof include/linux/slab.h:1122 [inline] drm_gem_get_pages+0x144/0xa10 drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem.c:647 drm_gem_shmem_get_pages_locked+0x1e6/0x490 drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem_shmem_helper.c:200 drm_gem_shmem_mmap drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem_shmem_helper.c:646 [inline] drm_gem_shmem_mmap+0xc9/0x550 drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem_shmem_helper.c:620 drm_gem_mmap_obj+0x1b5/0x560 drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem.c:1167 drm_gem_mmap+0x40b/0x620 drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gem.c:1245 vfs_mmap include/linux/fs.h:2405 [inline] mmap_file mm/internal.h:167 [inline] __mmap_new_file_vma mm/vma.c:2413 [inline] __mmap_new_vma mm/vma.c:2476 [inline] __mmap_region+0x1309/0x27a0 mm/vma.c:2670 mmap_region+0x1ab/0x3f0 mm/vma.c:2740 do_mmap+0xa3e/0x1210 mm/mmap.c:558 vm_mmap_pgoff+0x29e/0x470 mm/util.c:581 ksys_mmap_pgoff+0x32c/0x5c0 mm/mmap.c:604 __do_sys_mmap arch/x86/kernel/sys_x86_64.c:89 [inline] __se_sys_mmap arch/x86/kernel/sys_x86_64.c:82 [inline] __x64_sys_mmap+0x125/0x190 arch/x86/kernel/sys_x86_64.c:82 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xcd/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f The buggy address belongs to the object at ffff888024bb9800 which belongs to the cache kmalloc-256 of size 256 The buggy address is located 0 bytes to the right of allocated 248-byte region [ffff888024bb9800, ffff888024bb98f8) The buggy address belongs to the physical page: page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x0 pfn:0x24bb8 head: order:1 mapcount:0 entire_mapcount:0 nr_pages_mapped:0 pincount:0 flags: 0xfff00000000040(head|node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff) page_type: f5(slab) raw: 00fff00000000040 ffff88813ffa6b40 ffffea0000c90100 dead000000000006 raw: 0000000000000000 0000000080100010 00000000f5000000 0000000000000000 head: 00fff00000000040 ffff88813ffa6b40 ffffea0000c90100 dead000000000006 head: 0000000000000000 0000000080100010 00000000f5000000 0000000000000000 head: 00fff00000000001 ffffea000092ee01 00000000ffffffff 00000000ffffffff head: ffffffffffffffff 0000000000000000 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000002 page dumped because: kasan: bad access detected page_owner tracks the page as allocated page last allocated via order 1, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0xd20c0(__GFP_IO|__GFP_FS|__GFP_NOWARN|__GFP_NORETRY|__GFP_COMP|__GFP_NOMEMALLOC), pid 5825, tgid 5825 (syz-executor), ts 111292038232, free_ts 111199324641 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline] post_alloc_hook+0x1c0/0x230 mm/page_alloc.c:1850 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1858 [inline] get_page_from_freelist+0x10a3/0x3a30 mm/page_alloc.c:3884 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x25f/0x2470 mm/page_alloc.c:5183 alloc_pages_mpol+0x1fb/0x550 mm/mempolicy.c:2416 alloc_slab_page mm/slub.c:3046 [inline] allocate_slab mm/slub.c:3219 [inline] new_slab+0x24a/0x360 mm/slub.c:3273 ___slab_alloc+0xdc4/0x1ae0 mm/slub.c:4643 __slab_alloc.constprop.0+0x63/0x110 mm/slub.c:4762 __slab_alloc_node mm/slub.c:4838 [inline] slab_alloc_node mm/slub.c:5260 [inline] __do_kmalloc_node mm/slub.c:5633 [inline] __kmalloc_noprof+0x501/0x880 mm/slub.c:5646 kmalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:961 [inline] kzalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:1094 [inline] fib_create_info+0x53f/0x46b0 net/ipv4/fib_semantics.c:1402 fib_table_insert+0x177/0x1c40 net/ipv4/fib_trie.c:1212 fib_magic+0x4d4/0x5c0 net/ipv4/fib_frontend.c:1134 fib_add_ifaddr+0x4d2/0x580 net/ipv4/fib_frontend.c:1178 fib_netdev_event+0x38a/0x710 net/ipv4/fib_frontend.c:1516 notifier_call_chain+0xbc/0x410 kernel/notifier.c:85 call_netdevice_notifiers_info+0xbe/0x140 net/core/dev.c:2229 call_netdevice_notifiers_extack net/core/dev.c:2267 [inline] call_netdevice_notifiers net/core/dev.c:2281 [inline] __dev_notify_flags+0x12c/0x2e0 net/core/dev.c:9676 page last free pid 43 tgid 43 stack trace: reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline] free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline] __free_frozen_pages+0x7df/0x1160 mm/page_alloc.c:2906 qlink_free mm/kasan/quarantine.c:163 [inline] qlist_free_all+0x4d/0x120 mm/kasan/quarantine.c:179 kasan_quarantine_reduce+0x195/0x1e0 mm/kasan/quarantine.c:286 __kasan_slab_alloc+0x69/0x90 mm/kasan/common.c:352 kasan_slab_alloc include/linux/kasan.h:252 [inline] slab_post_alloc_hook mm/slub.c:4962 [inline] slab_alloc_node mm/slub.c:5272 [inline] __kmalloc_cache_noprof+0x274/0x780 mm/slub.c:5750 kmalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:957 [inline] kzalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:1094 [inline] nsim_fib6_rt_create drivers/net/netdevsim/fib.c:547 [inline] nsim_fib6_rt_insert drivers/net/netdevsim/fib.c:752 [inline] nsim_fib6_event drivers/net/netdevsim/fib.c:856 [inline] nsim_fib_event drivers/net/netdevsim/fib.c:889 [inline] nsim_fib_event_work+0x1938/0x6da0 drivers/net/netdevsim/fib.c:1493 process_one_work+0x9cf/0x1b70 kernel/workqueue.c:3263 process_scheduled_works kernel/workqueue.c:3346 [inline] worker_thread+0x6c8/0xf10 kernel/workqueue.c:3427 kthread+0x3c5/0x780 kernel/kthread.c:463 ret_from_fork+0x675/0x7d0 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245 Memory state around the buggy address: ffff888024bb9780: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc ffff888024bb9800: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 >ffff888024bb9880: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 fc ^ ffff888024bb9900: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc ffff888024bb9980: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc ==================================================================