======================================================
WARNING: possible circular locking dependency detected
syzkaller #0 Not tainted
------------------------------------------------------
syz.0.150/4808 is trying to acquire lock:
ffff88807a6fd120 (sk_lock-AF_AX25){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: lock_sock include/net/sock.h:1744 [inline]
ffff88807a6fd120 (sk_lock-AF_AX25){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: ax25_kill_by_device net/ax25/af_ax25.c:99 [inline]
ffff88807a6fd120 (sk_lock-AF_AX25){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: ax25_device_event+0x217/0x4f0 net/ax25/af_ax25.c:142

but task is already holding lock:
ffffffff8d43cb48 (rtnl_mutex){+.+.}-{3:3}, at: dev_ioctl+0x534/0xe30 net/core/dev_ioctl.c:571

which lock already depends on the new lock.


the existing dependency chain (in reverse order) is:

-> #1 (rtnl_mutex){+.+.}-{3:3}:
       __mutex_lock_common+0x1e3/0x2400 kernel/locking/mutex.c:596
       __mutex_lock kernel/locking/mutex.c:729 [inline]
       mutex_lock_nested+0x17/0x20 kernel/locking/mutex.c:743
       ax25_setsockopt+0x859/0xa60 net/ax25/af_ax25.c:676
       __sys_setsockopt+0x2bf/0x3d0 net/socket.c:2212
       __do_sys_setsockopt net/socket.c:2223 [inline]
       __se_sys_setsockopt net/socket.c:2220 [inline]
       __x64_sys_setsockopt+0xb1/0xc0 net/socket.c:2220
       do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline]
       do_syscall_64+0x4c/0xa0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80
       entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x66/0xd0

-> #0 (sk_lock-AF_AX25){+.+.}-{0:0}:
       check_prev_add kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3053 [inline]
       check_prevs_add kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3172 [inline]
       validate_chain kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3788 [inline]
       __lock_acquire+0x2c42/0x7d10 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5012
       lock_acquire+0x19e/0x400 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5623
       lock_sock_nested+0x44/0x100 net/core/sock.c:3259
       lock_sock include/net/sock.h:1744 [inline]
       ax25_kill_by_device net/ax25/af_ax25.c:99 [inline]
       ax25_device_event+0x217/0x4f0 net/ax25/af_ax25.c:142
       notifier_call_chain kernel/notifier.c:83 [inline]
       raw_notifier_call_chain+0xcb/0x160 kernel/notifier.c:391
       call_netdevice_notifiers_extack net/core/dev.c:2074 [inline]
       call_netdevice_notifiers net/core/dev.c:2088 [inline]
       __dev_notify_flags+0x158/0x300 net/core/dev.c:8919
       dev_change_flags+0xe3/0x1a0 net/core/dev.c:8955
       dev_ifsioc+0x130/0xd50 net/core/dev_ioctl.c:324
       dev_ioctl+0x545/0xe30 net/core/dev_ioctl.c:572
       sock_do_ioctl+0x245/0x320 net/socket.c:1161
       sock_ioctl+0x4d2/0x710 net/socket.c:1266
       vfs_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:51 [inline]
       __do_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:874 [inline]
       __se_sys_ioctl+0xfa/0x170 fs/ioctl.c:860
       do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline]
       do_syscall_64+0x4c/0xa0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80
       entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x66/0xd0

other info that might help us debug this:

 Possible unsafe locking scenario:

       CPU0                    CPU1
       ----                    ----
  lock(rtnl_mutex);
                               lock(sk_lock-AF_AX25);
                               lock(
rtnl_mutex);
  lock(sk_lock-AF_AX25);

 *** DEADLOCK ***

1 lock held by syz.0.150/4808:
 #0: ffffffff8d43cb48
 (rtnl_mutex){+.+.}-{3:3}
, at: dev_ioctl+0x534/0xe30 net/core/dev_ioctl.c:571

stack backtrace:
CPU: 0 PID: 4808 Comm: syz.0.150 Not tainted syzkaller #0
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 02/12/2026
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x188/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:106
 check_noncircular+0x296/0x330 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:2133
 check_prev_add kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3053 [inline]
 check_prevs_add kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3172 [inline]
 validate_chain kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3788 [inline]
 __lock_acquire+0x2c42/0x7d10 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5012
 lock_acquire+0x19e/0x400 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5623
 lock_sock_nested+0x44/0x100 net/core/sock.c:3259
 lock_sock include/net/sock.h:1744 [inline]
 ax25_kill_by_device net/ax25/af_ax25.c:99 [inline]
 ax25_device_event+0x217/0x4f0 net/ax25/af_ax25.c:142
 notifier_call_chain kernel/notifier.c:83 [inline]
 raw_notifier_call_chain+0xcb/0x160 kernel/notifier.c:391
 call_netdevice_notifiers_extack net/core/dev.c:2074 [inline]
 call_netdevice_notifiers net/core/dev.c:2088 [inline]
 __dev_notify_flags+0x158/0x300 net/core/dev.c:8919
 dev_change_flags+0xe3/0x1a0 net/core/dev.c:8955
 dev_ifsioc+0x130/0xd50 net/core/dev_ioctl.c:324
 dev_ioctl+0x545/0xe30 net/core/dev_ioctl.c:572
 sock_do_ioctl+0x245/0x320 net/socket.c:1161
 sock_ioctl+0x4d2/0x710 net/socket.c:1266
 vfs_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:51 [inline]
 __do_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:874 [inline]
 __se_sys_ioctl+0xfa/0x170 fs/ioctl.c:860
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0x4c/0xa0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x66/0xd0
RIP: 0033:0x7fc9f5039819
Code: ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 e8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48
RSP: 002b:00007fc9f3293028 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000010
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fc9f52b2fa0 RCX: 00007fc9f5039819
RDX: 0000200000000000 RSI: 0000000000008914 RDI: 0000000000000009
RBP: 00007fc9f50cfc91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007fc9f52b3038 R14: 00007fc9f52b2fa0 R15: 00007ffdd30d4768
 </TASK>
==================================================================
BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in instrument_atomic_read_write include/linux/instrumented.h:101 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in atomic_fetch_sub_release include/linux/atomic/atomic-instrumented.h:167 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in __refcount_sub_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:272 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in __refcount_dec_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:315 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in refcount_dec_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:333 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in ax25_dev_put include/net/ax25.h:301 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in ax25_dev_device_down+0x35e/0x520 net/ax25/ax25_dev.c:122
Write of size 4 at addr ffff8880205923b8 by task syz.0.150/4808

CPU: 1 PID: 4808 Comm: syz.0.150 Not tainted syzkaller #0
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 02/12/2026
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x188/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:106
 print_address_description+0x60/0x2d0 mm/kasan/report.c:248
 __kasan_report mm/kasan/report.c:434 [inline]
 kasan_report+0xdf/0x130 mm/kasan/report.c:451
 check_region_inline mm/kasan/generic.c:-1 [inline]
 kasan_check_range+0x235/0x290 mm/kasan/generic.c:189
 instrument_atomic_read_write include/linux/instrumented.h:101 [inline]
 atomic_fetch_sub_release include/linux/atomic/atomic-instrumented.h:167 [inline]
 __refcount_sub_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:272 [inline]
 __refcount_dec_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:315 [inline]
 refcount_dec_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:333 [inline]
 ax25_dev_put include/net/ax25.h:301 [inline]
 ax25_dev_device_down+0x35e/0x520 net/ax25/ax25_dev.c:122
 ax25_device_event+0x4b4/0x4f0 net/ax25/af_ax25.c:144
 notifier_call_chain kernel/notifier.c:83 [inline]
 raw_notifier_call_chain+0xcb/0x160 kernel/notifier.c:391
 call_netdevice_notifiers_extack net/core/dev.c:2074 [inline]
 call_netdevice_notifiers net/core/dev.c:2088 [inline]
 __dev_notify_flags+0x158/0x300 net/core/dev.c:8919
 dev_change_flags+0xe3/0x1a0 net/core/dev.c:8955
 dev_ifsioc+0x130/0xd50 net/core/dev_ioctl.c:324
 dev_ioctl+0x545/0xe30 net/core/dev_ioctl.c:572
 sock_do_ioctl+0x245/0x320 net/socket.c:1161
 sock_ioctl+0x4d2/0x710 net/socket.c:1266
 vfs_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:51 [inline]
 __do_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:874 [inline]
 __se_sys_ioctl+0xfa/0x170 fs/ioctl.c:860
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0x4c/0xa0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x66/0xd0
RIP: 0033:0x7fc9f5039819
Code: ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 e8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48
RSP: 002b:00007fc9f3293028 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000010
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fc9f52b2fa0 RCX: 00007fc9f5039819
RDX: 0000200000000000 RSI: 0000000000008914 RDI: 0000000000000009
RBP: 00007fc9f50cfc91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007fc9f52b3038 R14: 00007fc9f52b2fa0 R15: 00007ffdd30d4768
 </TASK>

Allocated by task 4643:
 kasan_save_stack mm/kasan/common.c:38 [inline]
 kasan_set_track mm/kasan/common.c:46 [inline]
 set_alloc_info mm/kasan/common.c:434 [inline]
 ____kasan_kmalloc mm/kasan/common.c:513 [inline]
 __kasan_kmalloc+0xb5/0xf0 mm/kasan/common.c:522
 kmalloc include/linux/slab.h:607 [inline]
 kzalloc include/linux/slab.h:738 [inline]
 ax25_dev_device_up+0x50/0x580 net/ax25/ax25_dev.c:55
 ax25_device_event+0x483/0x4f0 net/ax25/af_ax25.c:139
 notifier_call_chain kernel/notifier.c:83 [inline]
 raw_notifier_call_chain+0xcb/0x160 kernel/notifier.c:391
 call_netdevice_notifiers_extack net/core/dev.c:2074 [inline]
 call_netdevice_notifiers net/core/dev.c:2088 [inline]
 __dev_notify_flags+0x194/0x300 net/core/dev.c:8917
 dev_change_flags+0xe3/0x1a0 net/core/dev.c:8955
 dev_ifsioc+0x130/0xd50 net/core/dev_ioctl.c:324
 dev_ioctl+0x545/0xe30 net/core/dev_ioctl.c:572
 sock_do_ioctl+0x245/0x320 net/socket.c:1161
 sock_ioctl+0x4d2/0x710 net/socket.c:1266
 vfs_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:51 [inline]
 __do_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:874 [inline]
 __se_sys_ioctl+0xfa/0x170 fs/ioctl.c:860
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0x4c/0xa0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x66/0xd0

Freed by task 4808:
 kasan_save_stack mm/kasan/common.c:38 [inline]
 kasan_set_track+0x4b/0x70 mm/kasan/common.c:46
 kasan_set_free_info+0x1f/0x40 mm/kasan/generic.c:360
 ____kasan_slab_free+0xd5/0x110 mm/kasan/common.c:366
 kasan_slab_free include/linux/kasan.h:230 [inline]
 slab_free_hook mm/slub.c:1710 [inline]
 slab_free_freelist_hook+0xea/0x170 mm/slub.c:1736
 slab_free mm/slub.c:3504 [inline]
 kfree+0xef/0x2a0 mm/slub.c:4564
 ax25_dev_put include/net/ax25.h:302 [inline]
 ax25_dev_device_down+0x1c0/0x520 net/ax25/ax25_dev.c:119
 ax25_device_event+0x4b4/0x4f0 net/ax25/af_ax25.c:144
 notifier_call_chain kernel/notifier.c:83 [inline]
 raw_notifier_call_chain+0xcb/0x160 kernel/notifier.c:391
 call_netdevice_notifiers_extack net/core/dev.c:2074 [inline]
 call_netdevice_notifiers net/core/dev.c:2088 [inline]
 __dev_notify_flags+0x158/0x300 net/core/dev.c:8919
 dev_change_flags+0xe3/0x1a0 net/core/dev.c:8955
 dev_ifsioc+0x130/0xd50 net/core/dev_ioctl.c:324
 dev_ioctl+0x545/0xe30 net/core/dev_ioctl.c:572
 sock_do_ioctl+0x245/0x320 net/socket.c:1161
 sock_ioctl+0x4d2/0x710 net/socket.c:1266
 vfs_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:51 [inline]
 __do_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:874 [inline]
 __se_sys_ioctl+0xfa/0x170 fs/ioctl.c:860
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0x4c/0xa0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x66/0xd0

Last potentially related work creation:
 kasan_save_stack+0x35/0x60 mm/kasan/common.c:38
 kasan_record_aux_stack+0xb8/0x100 mm/kasan/generic.c:348
 insert_work+0x54/0x3d0 kernel/workqueue.c:1366
 __queue_work+0x9c5/0xd50 kernel/workqueue.c:1532
 queue_work_on+0x124/0x1f0 kernel/workqueue.c:1559
 queue_work include/linux/workqueue.h:512 [inline]
 netdevice_queue_work drivers/infiniband/core/roce_gid_mgmt.c:659 [inline]
 netdevice_event+0x803/0x900 drivers/infiniband/core/roce_gid_mgmt.c:802
 notifier_call_chain kernel/notifier.c:83 [inline]
 raw_notifier_call_chain+0xcb/0x160 kernel/notifier.c:391
 call_netdevice_notifiers_extack net/core/dev.c:2074 [inline]
 call_netdevice_notifiers net/core/dev.c:2088 [inline]
 register_netdevice+0x12a6/0x1710 net/core/dev.c:10454
 veth_newlink+0x6bc/0xe30 drivers/net/veth.c:1683
 __rtnl_newlink net/core/rtnetlink.c:3526 [inline]
 rtnl_newlink+0x1359/0x1a50 net/core/rtnetlink.c:3574
 rtnetlink_rcv_msg+0x844/0xf30 net/core/rtnetlink.c:5684
 netlink_rcv_skb+0x1f5/0x440 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2507
 netlink_unicast_kernel net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1318 [inline]
 netlink_unicast+0x774/0x920 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1344
 netlink_sendmsg+0x8ba/0xbe0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1918
 sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:706 [inline]
 __sock_sendmsg net/socket.c:718 [inline]
 __sys_sendto+0x46d/0x620 net/socket.c:2072
 __do_sys_sendto net/socket.c:2084 [inline]
 __se_sys_sendto net/socket.c:2080 [inline]
 __x64_sys_sendto+0xda/0xf0 net/socket.c:2080
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0x4c/0xa0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x66/0xd0

Second to last potentially related work creation:
 kasan_save_stack+0x35/0x60 mm/kasan/common.c:38
 kasan_record_aux_stack+0xb8/0x100 mm/kasan/generic.c:348
 insert_work+0x54/0x3d0 kernel/workqueue.c:1366
 __queue_work+0x9c5/0xd50 kernel/workqueue.c:1532
 queue_work_on+0x124/0x1f0 kernel/workqueue.c:1559
 queue_work include/linux/workqueue.h:512 [inline]
 call_usermodehelper_exec+0x2e3/0x520 kernel/umh.c:435
 kobject_uevent_env+0x681/0x890 lib/kobject_uevent.c:633
 device_add+0x91c/0xfb0 drivers/base/core.c:3393
 device_create_groups_vargs drivers/base/core.c:4096 [inline]
 device_create+0x266/0x300 drivers/base/core.c:4138
 bdi_register_va+0x93/0x6c0 mm/backing-dev.c:884
 bdi_register+0xdf/0x130 mm/backing-dev.c:916
 device_add_disk+0x83a/0xd40 block/genhd.c:502
 add_disk include/linux/genhd.h:200 [inline]
 loop_add+0x5f2/0x8a0 drivers/block/loop.c:2431
 loop_init+0x173/0x230 drivers/block/loop.c:2615
 do_one_initcall+0x272/0x730 init/main.c:1316
 do_initcall_level+0x137/0x1f0 init/main.c:1389
 do_initcalls+0x4b/0x90 init/main.c:1405
 kernel_init_freeable+0x3e9/0x570 init/main.c:1629
 kernel_init+0x19/0x1b0 init/main.c:1520
 ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:287

The buggy address belongs to the object at ffff888020592300
 which belongs to the cache kmalloc-192 of size 192
The buggy address is located 184 bytes inside of
 192-byte region [ffff888020592300, ffff8880205923c0)
The buggy address belongs to the page:
page:ffffea0000816480 refcount:1 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x0 pfn:0x20592
flags: 0xfff00000000200(slab|node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000000200 0000000000000000 0000000100000001 ffff888016c41a00
raw: 0000000000000000 0000000000100010 00000001ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: kasan: bad access detected
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x12c00(GFP_NOIO|__GFP_NOWARN|__GFP_NORETRY), pid 1, ts 7573864780, free_ts 7561597080
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:2426 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x1bbd/0x1ca0 mm/page_alloc.c:4192
 __alloc_pages+0x1ee/0x480 mm/page_alloc.c:5501
 __alloc_pages_node include/linux/gfp.h:570 [inline]
 alloc_slab_page mm/slub.c:1782 [inline]
 allocate_slab mm/slub.c:1917 [inline]
 new_slab+0xb6/0x4b0 mm/slub.c:1980
 ___slab_alloc+0x80a/0xdd0 mm/slub.c:3013
 __slab_alloc mm/slub.c:3100 [inline]
 slab_alloc_node mm/slub.c:3191 [inline]
 __kmalloc_node+0x200/0x3b0 mm/slub.c:4456
 kmalloc_array_node include/linux/slab.h:700 [inline]
 kcalloc_node include/linux/slab.h:705 [inline]
 sbitmap_init_node+0x2bc/0x6c0 lib/sbitmap.c:114
 blk_mq_alloc_hctx block/blk-mq.c:2835 [inline]
 blk_mq_alloc_and_init_hctx block/blk-mq.c:3220 [inline]
 blk_mq_realloc_hw_ctxs+0x7f7/0x1760 block/blk-mq.c:3272
 blk_mq_init_allocated_queue+0x408/0x1790 block/blk-mq.c:3333
 blk_mq_init_queue_data block/blk-mq.c:3168 [inline]
 __blk_mq_alloc_disk+0x81/0x150 block/blk-mq.c:3188
 loop_add+0x288/0x8a0 drivers/block/loop.c:2378
 loop_init+0x173/0x230 drivers/block/loop.c:2615
 do_one_initcall+0x272/0x730 init/main.c:1316
 do_initcall_level+0x137/0x1f0 init/main.c:1389
 do_initcalls+0x4b/0x90 init/main.c:1405
 kernel_init_freeable+0x3e9/0x570 init/main.c:1629
 kernel_init+0x19/0x1b0 init/main.c:1520
page last free stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:24 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1340 [inline]
 free_pcp_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1391 [inline]
 free_unref_page_prepare+0x637/0x6c0 mm/page_alloc.c:3317
 free_unref_page+0x8f/0x2a0 mm/page_alloc.c:3396
 mm_free_pgd kernel/fork.c:653 [inline]
 __mmdrop+0xaa/0x3e0 kernel/fork.c:704
 free_bprm+0x141/0x300 fs/exec.c:1494
 kernel_execve+0x380/0x900 fs/exec.c:2015
 call_usermodehelper_exec_async+0x207/0x350 kernel/umh.c:112
 ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:287

Memory state around the buggy address:
 ffff888020592280: 00 00 00 00 fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc
 ffff888020592300: fa fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb
>ffff888020592380: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc
                                        ^
 ffff888020592400: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
 ffff888020592480: 00 fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc
==================================================================