diff --git a/net/ipv4/tcp.c b/net/ipv4/tcp.c
index 028513d3e2a2..e70796a1fe3e 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/tcp.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/tcp.c
@@ -3395,10 +3395,23 @@ static int do_tcp_setsockopt(struct sock *sk, int level, int optname,
 	}
 	case TCP_ULP: {
 		char name[TCP_ULP_NAME_MAX];
+		struct sock *smc_sock;
 
 		if (optlen < 1)
 			return -EINVAL;
 
+		/* SMC sk_user_data may be treated as psock,
+		 * which triggers a refcnt warning.
+		 */
+		rcu_read_lock();
+		smc_sock = rcu_dereference_sk_user_data(sk);
+		if (level == SOL_TCP && smc_sock &&
+		    smc_sock->__sk_common.skc_family == AF_SMC) {
+			rcu_read_unlock();
+			return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+		}
+		rcu_read_unlock();
+
 		val = strncpy_from_sockptr(name, optval,
 					min_t(long, TCP_ULP_NAME_MAX - 1,
 					      optlen));