Buffer I/O error on dev nbd3, logical block 0, async page read ------------[ cut here ]------------ refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free. WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 20 at lib/refcount.c:28 refcount_warn_saturate+0x1c8/0x20c lib/refcount.c:28 Modules linked in: CPU: 1 PID: 20 Comm: ksoftirqd/1 Not tainted 5.15.167-syzkaller #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 08/06/2024 pstate: 60400005 (nZCv daif +PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--) pc : refcount_warn_saturate+0x1c8/0x20c lib/refcount.c:28 lr : refcount_warn_saturate+0x1c8/0x20c lib/refcount.c:28 sp : ffff80001bcf7b40 x29: ffff80001bcf7b40 x28: fffffbffeffd1d00 x27: 1fffe000198750c3 x26: 1fffe000198750c3 x25: 0000000000000000 x24: 0000000000000001 x23: dfff800000000000 x22: fffffbffeffd1dc8 x21: 0000000000000003 x20: ffff0000cc3a86e8 x19: ffff800016f0c000 x18: 0000000000000101 x17: 0000000000000000 x16: ffff8000082ec9a8 x15: 0000000000000012 x14: 1ffff0000295806a x13: dfff800000000000 x12: 0000000000000003 x11: 0000000000000100 x10: 0000000000000000 x9 : 034a05b8a65a0400 x8 : 034a05b8a65a0400 x7 : 0000000000000000 x6 : 0000000000000000 x5 : 0000000000000080 x4 : 0000000000000000 x3 : ffff80000804605c x2 : 0000000000000001 x1 : 0000000000000100 x0 : 0000000000000026 Call trace: refcount_warn_saturate+0x1c8/0x20c lib/refcount.c:28 __refcount_sub_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:283 [inline] __refcount_dec_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:315 [inline] refcount_dec_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:333 [inline] blk_mq_free_request+0x440/0x584 block/blk-mq.c:543 __blk_mq_end_request+0x318/0x350 block/blk-mq.c:568 blk_mq_end_request+0x68/0x88 block/blk-mq.c:577 nbd_complete_rq+0x48/0x154 drivers/block/nbd.c:360 blk_complete_reqs block/blk-mq.c:587 [inline] blk_done_softirq+0x11c/0x168 block/blk-mq.c:592 handle_softirqs+0x384/0xdbc kernel/softirq.c:558 run_ksoftirqd+0x6c/0x29c kernel/softirq.c:925 smpboot_thread_fn+0x4b0/0x920 kernel/smpboot.c:164 kthread+0x37c/0x45c kernel/kthread.c:334 ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20 arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S:870 irq event stamp: 463339 hardirqs last enabled at (463338): [] __exit_to_kernel_mode arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:81 [inline] hardirqs last enabled at (463338): [] exit_to_kernel_mode+0x100/0x178 arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:91 hardirqs last disabled at (463339): [] el1_dbg+0x24/0x80 arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:396 softirqs last enabled at (463280): [] softirq_handle_end kernel/softirq.c:401 [inline] softirqs last enabled at (463280): [] handle_softirqs+0xb88/0xdbc kernel/softirq.c:586 softirqs last disabled at (463285): [] run_ksoftirqd+0x6c/0x29c kernel/softirq.c:925 ---[ end trace e5fbc4077408ff59 ]--- blk_update_request: I/O error, dev nbd0, sector 0 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x0 phys_seg 1 prio class 0 Buffer I/O error on dev nbd0, logical block 0, async page read