refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free. WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 5222 at lib/refcount.c:28 refcount_warn_saturate+0x11b/0x1a0 lib/refcount.c:28 Modules linked in: CPU: 1 PID: 5222 Comm: syz.1.61 Not tainted syzkaller #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 07/16/2026 RIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0x11b/0x1a0 lib/refcount.c:28 Code: 09 01 48 c7 c7 60 03 7a 8a e8 a1 ba cc 05 0f 0b eb c4 e8 48 92 90 fd c6 05 64 e5 8e 09 01 48 c7 c7 c0 03 7a 8a e8 85 ba cc 05 <0f> 0b eb a8 e8 2c 92 90 fd c6 05 45 e5 8e 09 01 48 c7 c7 00 03 7a RSP: 0018:ffffc900035ffa30 EFLAGS: 00010246 RAX: 41a2d08ba4e21f00 RBX: 0000000000000003 RCX: ffff88801bd2d940 RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000080000000 RDI: 0000000000000000 RBP: 0000000000000000 R08: ffff8880b9033d7f R09: 1ffff110172067af R10: dffffc0000000000 R11: ffffed10172067b0 R12: 1ffff920006bff83 R13: ffff8880210e6a00 R14: 0000000000000003 R15: ffffffff84e4ae60 FS: 00007feed75dd6c0(0000) GS:ffff8880b9100000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 00007f7a8b3959e8 CR3: 0000000074f4e000 CR4: 00000000003506e0 DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 Call Trace: bt_tags_iter+0x226/0x2d0 block/blk-mq-tag.c:307 __sbitmap_for_each_set include/linux/sbitmap.h:263 [inline] sbitmap_for_each_set+0x26c/0x4a0 include/linux/sbitmap.h:284 bt_tags_for_each block/blk-mq-tag.c:334 [inline] __blk_mq_all_tag_iter block/blk-mq-tag.c:345 [inline] blk_mq_tagset_busy_iter+0x2b2/0x3a0 block/blk-mq-tag.c:386 nbd_clear_que drivers/block/nbd.c:864 [inline] nbd_start_device_ioctl drivers/block/nbd.c:1377 [inline] __nbd_ioctl drivers/block/nbd.c:1442 [inline] nbd_ioctl+0xa1d/0xe80 drivers/block/nbd.c:1482 blkdev_ioctl+0x347/0x6f0 block/ioctl.c:604 block_ioctl+0xac/0xf0 block/fops.c:496 vfs_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:51 [inline] __do_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:874 [inline] __se_sys_ioctl+0xfa/0x170 fs/ioctl.c:860 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x4c/0xa0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x66/0xd0 RIP: 0033:0x7feed7f79679 Code: ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 e8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48 RSP: 002b:00007feed75dd028 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000010 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007feed81e4fa0 RCX: 00007feed7f79679 RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 000000000000ab03 RDI: 0000000000000003 RBP: 00007feed800cee0 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00007feed81e5038 R14: 00007feed81e4fa0 R15: 00007ffe7e857f08