BUG: Bad page state in process syz.0.17  pfn:334bc
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x0 pfn:0x334bc
flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff888021688000 0000000000000000
raw: 0000000000000000 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: page_pool leak
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 6539, tgid 6538 (syz.0.17), ts 138914060060, free_ts 135854167329
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x240/0x2a0 mm/page_alloc.c:1850
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1858 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3884
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5183
 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5217 [inline]
 alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5137
 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:254 [inline]
 __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:612
 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline]
 page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline]
 skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:956
 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5479 [inline]
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5520 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5588
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10d3/0x3060 net/core/dev.c:5939
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6127 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6242
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6328 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6387
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
page last free pid 6414 tgid 6414 stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906
 vfree+0x25a/0x400 mm/vmalloc.c:3440
 kcov_put kernel/kcov.c:439 [inline]
 kcov_close+0x28/0x50 kernel/kcov.c:535
 __fput+0x44c/0xa70 fs/file_table.c:468
 task_work_run+0x1d4/0x260 kernel/task_work.c:227
 exit_task_work include/linux/task_work.h:40 [inline]
 do_exit+0x6b5/0x2300 kernel/exit.c:966
 do_group_exit+0x21c/0x2d0 kernel/exit.c:1107
 get_signal+0x1285/0x1340 kernel/signal.c:3034
 arch_do_signal_or_restart+0xa0/0x790 arch/x86/kernel/signal.c:337
 exit_to_user_mode_loop+0x72/0x130 kernel/entry/common.c:40
 exit_to_user_mode_prepare include/linux/irq-entry-common.h:225 [inline]
 syscall_exit_to_user_mode_work include/linux/entry-common.h:175 [inline]
 syscall_exit_to_user_mode include/linux/entry-common.h:210 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0x2bd/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:100
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6539 Comm: syz.0.17 Not tainted syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649
 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906
 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4195 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4219
 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4241 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4234
 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24
 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:721 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x606/0x13d0 net/core/dev.c:5410
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5526 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5588
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10d3/0x3060 net/core/dev.c:5939
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6127 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6242
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6328 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6387
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7f39ec18d97f
Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48
RSP: 002b:00007f39ecff9000 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f39ec3e5fa0 RCX: 00007f39ec18d97f
RDX: 0000000000011dc0 RSI: 00002000000004c0 RDI: 00000000000000c8
RBP: 00007f39ec211f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000011dc0 R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007f39ec3e6038 R14: 00007f39ec3e5fa0 R15: 00007fffd451fb58
 </TASK>
BUG: Bad page state in process syz.0.17  pfn:334bd
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x0 pfn:0x334bd
flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff888021688000 0000000000000000
raw: 0000000000000000 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: page_pool leak
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 6539, tgid 6538 (syz.0.17), ts 138914041700, free_ts 135854182586
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x240/0x2a0 mm/page_alloc.c:1850
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1858 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3884
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5183
 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5217 [inline]
 alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5137
 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:254 [inline]
 __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:612
 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline]
 page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline]
 skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:956
 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5479 [inline]
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5520 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5588
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10d3/0x3060 net/core/dev.c:5939
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6127 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6242
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6328 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6387
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
page last free pid 6414 tgid 6414 stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906
 vfree+0x25a/0x400 mm/vmalloc.c:3440
 kcov_put kernel/kcov.c:439 [inline]
 kcov_close+0x28/0x50 kernel/kcov.c:535
 __fput+0x44c/0xa70 fs/file_table.c:468
 task_work_run+0x1d4/0x260 kernel/task_work.c:227
 exit_task_work include/linux/task_work.h:40 [inline]
 do_exit+0x6b5/0x2300 kernel/exit.c:966
 do_group_exit+0x21c/0x2d0 kernel/exit.c:1107
 get_signal+0x1285/0x1340 kernel/signal.c:3034
 arch_do_signal_or_restart+0xa0/0x790 arch/x86/kernel/signal.c:337
 exit_to_user_mode_loop+0x72/0x130 kernel/entry/common.c:40
 exit_to_user_mode_prepare include/linux/irq-entry-common.h:225 [inline]
 syscall_exit_to_user_mode_work include/linux/entry-common.h:175 [inline]
 syscall_exit_to_user_mode include/linux/entry-common.h:210 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0x2bd/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:100
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6539 Comm: syz.0.17 Tainted: G    B               syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649
 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906
 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4195 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4219
 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4241 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4234
 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24
 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:721 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x606/0x13d0 net/core/dev.c:5410
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5526 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5588
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10d3/0x3060 net/core/dev.c:5939
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6127 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6242
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6328 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6387
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7f39ec18d97f
Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48
RSP: 002b:00007f39ecff9000 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f39ec3e5fa0 RCX: 00007f39ec18d97f
RDX: 0000000000011dc0 RSI: 00002000000004c0 RDI: 00000000000000c8
RBP: 00007f39ec211f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000011dc0 R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007f39ec3e6038 R14: 00007f39ec3e5fa0 R15: 00007fffd451fb58
 </TASK>
BUG: Bad page state in process syz.0.17  pfn:272ec
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff8880272ec280 pfn:0x272ec
flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff888021688000 0000000000000000
raw: ffff8880272ec280 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: page_pool leak
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 6539, tgid 6538 (syz.0.17), ts 138914023300, free_ts 138789987759
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x240/0x2a0 mm/page_alloc.c:1850
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1858 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3884
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5183
 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5217 [inline]
 alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5137
 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:254 [inline]
 __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:612
 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline]
 page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline]
 skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:956
 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5479 [inline]
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5520 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5588
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10d3/0x3060 net/core/dev.c:5939
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6127 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6242
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6328 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6387
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
page last free pid 15 tgid 15 stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906
 __tlb_remove_table_free mm/mmu_gather.c:227 [inline]
 tlb_remove_table_rcu+0x85/0x100 mm/mmu_gather.c:290
 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline]
 rcu_core+0xcab/0x1770 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2861
 handle_softirqs+0x286/0x870 kernel/softirq.c:622
 run_ksoftirqd+0x9b/0x100 kernel/softirq.c:1063
 smpboot_thread_fn+0x542/0xa60 kernel/smpboot.c:160
 kthread+0x711/0x8a0 kernel/kthread.c:463
 ret_from_fork+0x4bc/0x870 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158
 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6539 Comm: syz.0.17 Tainted: G    B               syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649
 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906
 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4195 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4219
 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4241 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4234
 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24
 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:721 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x606/0x13d0 net/core/dev.c:5410
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5526 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5588
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10d3/0x3060 net/core/dev.c:5939
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6127 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6242
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6328 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6387
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7f39ec18d97f
Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48
RSP: 002b:00007f39ecff9000 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f39ec3e5fa0 RCX: 00007f39ec18d97f
RDX: 0000000000011dc0 RSI: 00002000000004c0 RDI: 00000000000000c8
RBP: 00007f39ec211f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000011dc0 R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007f39ec3e6038 R14: 00007f39ec3e5fa0 R15: 00007fffd451fb58
 </TASK>
BUG: Bad page state in process syz.0.17  pfn:78ff3
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff888078ff3000 pfn:0x78ff3
flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff888021688000 0000000000000000
raw: ffff888078ff3000 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: page_pool leak
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 6539, tgid 6538 (syz.0.17), ts 138914005018, free_ts 138790013060
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x240/0x2a0 mm/page_alloc.c:1850
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1858 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3884
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5183
 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5217 [inline]
 alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5137
 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:254 [inline]
 __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:612
 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline]
 page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline]
 skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:956
 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5479 [inline]
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5520 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5588
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10d3/0x3060 net/core/dev.c:5939
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6127 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6242
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6328 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6387
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
page last free pid 15 tgid 15 stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906
 __tlb_remove_table_free mm/mmu_gather.c:227 [inline]
 tlb_remove_table_rcu+0x85/0x100 mm/mmu_gather.c:290
 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline]
 rcu_core+0xcab/0x1770 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2861
 handle_softirqs+0x286/0x870 kernel/softirq.c:622
 run_ksoftirqd+0x9b/0x100 kernel/softirq.c:1063
 smpboot_thread_fn+0x542/0xa60 kernel/smpboot.c:160
 kthread+0x711/0x8a0 kernel/kthread.c:463
 ret_from_fork+0x4bc/0x870 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158
 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6539 Comm: syz.0.17 Tainted: G    B               syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649
 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906
 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4195 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4219
 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4241 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4234
 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24
 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:721 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x606/0x13d0 net/core/dev.c:5410
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5526 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5588
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10d3/0x3060 net/core/dev.c:5939
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6127 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6242
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6328 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6387
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7f39ec18d97f
Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48
RSP: 002b:00007f39ecff9000 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f39ec3e5fa0 RCX: 00007f39ec18d97f
RDX: 0000000000011dc0 RSI: 00002000000004c0 RDI: 00000000000000c8
RBP: 00007f39ec211f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000011dc0 R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007f39ec3e6038 R14: 00007f39ec3e5fa0 R15: 00007fffd451fb58
 </TASK>
BUG: Bad page state in process syz.0.17  pfn:3346a
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x0 pfn:0x3346a
flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff888021688000 0000000000000000
raw: 0000000000000000 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: page_pool leak
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 6539, tgid 6538 (syz.0.17), ts 138913987062, free_ts 138790035063
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x240/0x2a0 mm/page_alloc.c:1850
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1858 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3884
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5183
 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5217 [inline]
 alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5137
 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:254 [inline]
 __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:612
 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline]
 page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline]
 skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:956
 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5479 [inline]
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5520 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5588
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10d3/0x3060 net/core/dev.c:5939
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6127 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6242
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6328 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6387
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
page last free pid 15 tgid 15 stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906
 __tlb_remove_table_free mm/mmu_gather.c:227 [inline]
 tlb_remove_table_rcu+0x85/0x100 mm/mmu_gather.c:290
 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline]
 rcu_core+0xcab/0x1770 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2861
 handle_softirqs+0x286/0x870 kernel/softirq.c:622
 run_ksoftirqd+0x9b/0x100 kernel/softirq.c:1063
 smpboot_thread_fn+0x542/0xa60 kernel/smpboot.c:160
 kthread+0x711/0x8a0 kernel/kthread.c:463
 ret_from_fork+0x4bc/0x870 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158
 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6539 Comm: syz.0.17 Tainted: G    B               syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649
 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906
 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4195 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4219
 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4241 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4234
 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24
 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:721 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x606/0x13d0 net/core/dev.c:5410
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5526 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5588
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10d3/0x3060 net/core/dev.c:5939
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6127 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6242
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6328 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6387
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7f39ec18d97f
Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48
RSP: 002b:00007f39ecff9000 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f39ec3e5fa0 RCX: 00007f39ec18d97f
RDX: 0000000000011dc0 RSI: 00002000000004c0 RDI: 00000000000000c8
RBP: 00007f39ec211f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000011dc0 R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007f39ec3e6038 R14: 00007f39ec3e5fa0 R15: 00007fffd451fb58
 </TASK>
BUG: Bad page state in process syz.0.17  pfn:75367
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff888075367e10 pfn:0x75367
flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff888021688000 0000000000000000
raw: ffff888075367e10 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: page_pool leak
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 6539, tgid 6538 (syz.0.17), ts 138913970023, free_ts 138790046530
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x240/0x2a0 mm/page_alloc.c:1850
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1858 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3884
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5183
 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5217 [inline]
 alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5137
 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:254 [inline]
 __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:612
 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline]
 page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline]
 skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:956
 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5479 [inline]
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5520 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5588
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10d3/0x3060 net/core/dev.c:5939
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6127 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6242
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6328 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6387
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
page last free pid 15 tgid 15 stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906
 __tlb_remove_table_free mm/mmu_gather.c:227 [inline]
 tlb_remove_table_rcu+0x85/0x100 mm/mmu_gather.c:290
 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline]
 rcu_core+0xcab/0x1770 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2861
 handle_softirqs+0x286/0x870 kernel/softirq.c:622
 run_ksoftirqd+0x9b/0x100 kernel/softirq.c:1063
 smpboot_thread_fn+0x542/0xa60 kernel/smpboot.c:160
 kthread+0x711/0x8a0 kernel/kthread.c:463
 ret_from_fork+0x4bc/0x870 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158
 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6539 Comm: syz.0.17 Tainted: G    B               syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649
 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906
 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4195 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4219
 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4241 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4234
 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24
 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:721 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x606/0x13d0 net/core/dev.c:5410
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5526 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5588
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10d3/0x3060 net/core/dev.c:5939
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6127 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6242
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6328 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6387
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7f39ec18d97f
Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48
RSP: 002b:00007f39ecff9000 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f39ec3e5fa0 RCX: 00007f39ec18d97f
RDX: 0000000000011dc0 RSI: 00002000000004c0 RDI: 00000000000000c8
RBP: 00007f39ec211f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000011dc0 R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007f39ec3e6038 R14: 00007f39ec3e5fa0 R15: 00007fffd451fb58
 </TASK>
BUG: Bad page state in process syz.0.17  pfn:6ee43
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff88806ee43b40 pfn:0x6ee43
flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff888021688000 0000000000000000
raw: ffff88806ee43b40 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: page_pool leak
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 6539, tgid 6538 (syz.0.17), ts 138913952504, free_ts 138790068791
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x240/0x2a0 mm/page_alloc.c:1850
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1858 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3884
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5183
 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5217 [inline]
 alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5137
 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:254 [inline]
 __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:612
 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline]
 page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline]
 skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:956
 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5479 [inline]
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5520 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5588
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10d3/0x3060 net/core/dev.c:5939
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6127 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6242
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6328 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6387
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
page last free pid 15 tgid 15 stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906
 __tlb_remove_table_free mm/mmu_gather.c:227 [inline]
 tlb_remove_table_rcu+0x85/0x100 mm/mmu_gather.c:290
 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline]
 rcu_core+0xcab/0x1770 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2861
 handle_softirqs+0x286/0x870 kernel/softirq.c:622
 run_ksoftirqd+0x9b/0x100 kernel/softirq.c:1063
 smpboot_thread_fn+0x542/0xa60 kernel/smpboot.c:160
 kthread+0x711/0x8a0 kernel/kthread.c:463
 ret_from_fork+0x4bc/0x870 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158
 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6539 Comm: syz.0.17 Tainted: G    B               syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649
 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906
 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4195 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4219
 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4241 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4234
 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24
 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:721 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x606/0x13d0 net/core/dev.c:5410
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5526 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5588
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10d3/0x3060 net/core/dev.c:5939
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6127 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6242
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6328 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6387
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7f39ec18d97f
Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48
RSP: 002b:00007f39ecff9000 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f39ec3e5fa0 RCX: 00007f39ec18d97f
RDX: 0000000000011dc0 RSI: 00002000000004c0 RDI: 00000000000000c8
RBP: 00007f39ec211f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000011dc0 R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007f39ec3e6038 R14: 00007f39ec3e5fa0 R15: 00007fffd451fb58
 </TASK>
BUG: Bad page state in process syz.0.17  pfn:6dbe8
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff888000000000 pfn:0x6dbe8
flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff888021688000 0000000000000000
raw: ffff888000000000 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: page_pool leak
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 6539, tgid 6538 (syz.0.17), ts 138913934042, free_ts 138790090396
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x240/0x2a0 mm/page_alloc.c:1850
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1858 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3884
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5183
 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5217 [inline]
 alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5137
 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:254 [inline]
 __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:612
 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline]
 page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline]
 skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:956
 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5479 [inline]
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5520 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5588
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10d3/0x3060 net/core/dev.c:5939
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6127 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6242
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6328 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6387
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
page last free pid 15 tgid 15 stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906
 __tlb_remove_table_free mm/mmu_gather.c:227 [inline]
 tlb_remove_table_rcu+0x85/0x100 mm/mmu_gather.c:290
 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline]
 rcu_core+0xcab/0x1770 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2861
 handle_softirqs+0x286/0x870 kernel/softirq.c:622
 run_ksoftirqd+0x9b/0x100 kernel/softirq.c:1063
 smpboot_thread_fn+0x542/0xa60 kernel/smpboot.c:160
 kthread+0x711/0x8a0 kernel/kthread.c:463
 ret_from_fork+0x4bc/0x870 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158
 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6539 Comm: syz.0.17 Tainted: G    B               syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649
 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906
 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4195 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4219
 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4241 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4234
 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24
 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:721 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x606/0x13d0 net/core/dev.c:5410
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5526 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5588
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10d3/0x3060 net/core/dev.c:5939
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6127 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6242
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6328 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6387
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7f39ec18d97f
Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48
RSP: 002b:00007f39ecff9000 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f39ec3e5fa0 RCX: 00007f39ec18d97f
RDX: 0000000000011dc0 RSI: 00002000000004c0 RDI: 00000000000000c8
RBP: 00007f39ec211f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000011dc0 R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007f39ec3e6038 R14: 00007f39ec3e5fa0 R15: 00007fffd451fb58
 </TASK>
BUG: Bad page state in process syz.0.17  pfn:3346f
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x0 pfn:0x3346f
flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff888021688000 0000000000000000
raw: 0000000000000000 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: page_pool leak
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 6539, tgid 6538 (syz.0.17), ts 138913915396, free_ts 138790111984
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x240/0x2a0 mm/page_alloc.c:1850
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1858 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3884
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5183
 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5217 [inline]
 alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5137
 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:254 [inline]
 __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:612
 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline]
 page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline]
 skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:956
 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5479 [inline]
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5520 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5588
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10d3/0x3060 net/core/dev.c:5939
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6127 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6242
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6328 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6387
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
page last free pid 15 tgid 15 stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906
 __tlb_remove_table_free mm/mmu_gather.c:227 [inline]
 tlb_remove_table_rcu+0x85/0x100 mm/mmu_gather.c:290
 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline]
 rcu_core+0xcab/0x1770 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2861
 handle_softirqs+0x286/0x870 kernel/softirq.c:622
 run_ksoftirqd+0x9b/0x100 kernel/softirq.c:1063
 smpboot_thread_fn+0x542/0xa60 kernel/smpboot.c:160
 kthread+0x711/0x8a0 kernel/kthread.c:463
 ret_from_fork+0x4bc/0x870 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158
 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6539 Comm: syz.0.17 Tainted: G    B               syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649
 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906
 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4195 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4219
 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4241 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4234
 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24
 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:721 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x606/0x13d0 net/core/dev.c:5410
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5526 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5588
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10d3/0x3060 net/core/dev.c:5939
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6127 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6242
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6328 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6387
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7f39ec18d97f
Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48
RSP: 002b:00007f39ecff9000 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f39ec3e5fa0 RCX: 00007f39ec18d97f
RDX: 0000000000011dc0 RSI: 00002000000004c0 RDI: 00000000000000c8
RBP: 00007f39ec211f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000011dc0 R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007f39ec3e6038 R14: 00007f39ec3e5fa0 R15: 00007fffd451fb58
 </TASK>
BUG: Bad page state in process syz.0.17  pfn:27e27
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff888000000000 pfn:0x27e27
flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff888021688000 0000000000000000
raw: ffff888000000000 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: page_pool leak
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 6539, tgid 6538 (syz.0.17), ts 138913896685, free_ts 138790133241
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x240/0x2a0 mm/page_alloc.c:1850
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1858 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3884
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5183
 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5217 [inline]
 alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5137
 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:254 [inline]
 __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:612
 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline]
 page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline]
 skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:956
 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5479 [inline]
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5520 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5588
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10d3/0x3060 net/core/dev.c:5939
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6127 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6242
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6328 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6387
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
page last free pid 15 tgid 15 stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906
 __tlb_remove_table_free mm/mmu_gather.c:227 [inline]
 tlb_remove_table_rcu+0x85/0x100 mm/mmu_gather.c:290
 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline]
 rcu_core+0xcab/0x1770 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2861
 handle_softirqs+0x286/0x870 kernel/softirq.c:622
 run_ksoftirqd+0x9b/0x100 kernel/softirq.c:1063
 smpboot_thread_fn+0x542/0xa60 kernel/smpboot.c:160
 kthread+0x711/0x8a0 kernel/kthread.c:463
 ret_from_fork+0x4bc/0x870 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158
 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6539 Comm: syz.0.17 Tainted: G    B               syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649
 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906
 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4195 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4219
 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4241 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4234
 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24
 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:721 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x606/0x13d0 net/core/dev.c:5410
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5526 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5588
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10d3/0x3060 net/core/dev.c:5939
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6127 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6242
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6328 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6387
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7f39ec18d97f
Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48
RSP: 002b:00007f39ecff9000 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f39ec3e5fa0 RCX: 00007f39ec18d97f
RDX: 0000000000011dc0 RSI: 00002000000004c0 RDI: 00000000000000c8
RBP: 00007f39ec211f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000011dc0 R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007f39ec3e6038 R14: 00007f39ec3e5fa0 R15: 00007fffd451fb58
 </TASK>
BUG: Bad page state in process syz.0.17  pfn:75938
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x0 pfn:0x75938
flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff888021688000 0000000000000000
raw: 0000000000000000 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: page_pool leak
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 6539, tgid 6538 (syz.0.17), ts 138913878567, free_ts 138790154736
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x240/0x2a0 mm/page_alloc.c:1850
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1858 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3884
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5183
 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5217 [inline]
 alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5137
 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:254 [inline]
 __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:612
 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline]
 page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline]
 skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:956
 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5479 [inline]
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5520 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5588
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10d3/0x3060 net/core/dev.c:5939
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6127 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6242
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6328 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6387
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
page last free pid 15 tgid 15 stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906
 __tlb_remove_table_free mm/mmu_gather.c:227 [inline]
 tlb_remove_table_rcu+0x85/0x100 mm/mmu_gather.c:290
 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline]
 rcu_core+0xcab/0x1770 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2861
 handle_softirqs+0x286/0x870 kernel/softirq.c:622
 run_ksoftirqd+0x9b/0x100 kernel/softirq.c:1063
 smpboot_thread_fn+0x542/0xa60 kernel/smpboot.c:160
 kthread+0x711/0x8a0 kernel/kthread.c:463
 ret_from_fork+0x4bc/0x870 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158
 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6539 Comm: syz.0.17 Tainted: G    B               syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649
 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2906
 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4195 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4219
 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4241 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4234
 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24
 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:721 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x606/0x13d0 net/core/dev.c:5410
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5526 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5588
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10d3/0x3060 net/core/dev.c:5939
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6127 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6242
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6328 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1cb/0x790 net/core/dev.c:6387
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2b65/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7f39ec18d97f
Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48
RSP: 002b:00007f39ecff9000 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f39ec3e5fa0 RCX: 00007f39ec18d97f
RDX: 0000000000011dc0 RSI: 00002000000004c0 RDI: 00000000000000c8
RBP: 00007f39ec211f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000011dc0 R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007f39ec3e6038 R14: 00007f39ec3e5fa0 R15: 00007fffd451fb58
 </TASK>