syzbot


KASAN: use-after-free Read in snd_usbmidi_error_timer

Status: upstream: reported on 2026/01/01 12:01
Reported-by: syzbot+09c0af25290c423864c8@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
First crash: 60d, last: 18d
Similar bugs (3)
Kernel Title Rank 🛈 Repro Cause bisect Fix bisect Count Last Reported Patched Status
linux-5.15 KASAN: use-after-free Read in snd_usbmidi_error_timer 19 3 65d 81d 0/3 upstream: reported on 2025/12/11 18:28
upstream KASAN: slab-use-after-free Read in snd_usbmidi_error_timer sound 19 4 283d 299d 0/29 auto-obsoleted due to no activity on 2025/08/21 21:22
upstream KASAN: slab-use-after-free Read in snd_usbmidi_error_timer (2) sound 19 12 155d 160d 29/29 fixed on 2025/10/29 21:02

Sample crash report:
==================================================================
BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in snd_usbmidi_error_timer+0x5fe/0x660 sound/usb/midi.c:352
Read of size 1 at addr ffff8880561b8943 by task syz.2.12144/30366

CPU: 0 PID: 30366 Comm: syz.2.12144 Not tainted syzkaller #0
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 01/24/2026
Call Trace:
 <IRQ>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x188/0x24e lib/dump_stack.c:106
 print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:316 [inline]
 print_report+0xa8/0x210 mm/kasan/report.c:420
 kasan_report+0x10b/0x140 mm/kasan/report.c:524
 snd_usbmidi_error_timer+0x5fe/0x660 sound/usb/midi.c:352
 call_timer_fn+0x1ac/0x670 kernel/time/timer.c:1701
 expire_timers kernel/time/timer.c:1752 [inline]
 __run_timers+0x53e/0x800 kernel/time/timer.c:2023
 run_timer_softirq+0x63/0xf0 kernel/time/timer.c:2036
 handle_softirqs+0x2a1/0x930 kernel/softirq.c:596
 __do_softirq kernel/softirq.c:630 [inline]
 invoke_softirq kernel/softirq.c:470 [inline]
 __irq_exit_rcu+0x13b/0x230 kernel/softirq.c:679
 irq_exit_rcu+0x5/0x20 kernel/softirq.c:691
 instr_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1118 [inline]
 sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0xa0/0xc0 arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1118
 </IRQ>
 <TASK>
 asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x16/0x20 arch/x86/include/asm/idtentry.h:691
RIP: 0010:lock_is_held_type+0x13a/0x190 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5710
Code: 75 40 48 c7 04 24 00 00 00 00 9c 8f 04 24 f7 04 24 00 02 00 00 75 46 41 f7 c5 00 02 00 00 74 01 fb 65 48 8b 04 25 28 00 00 00 <48> 3b 44 24 08 75 3c 89 e8 48 83 c4 10 5b 41 5c 41 5d 41 5e 41 5f
RSP: 0018:ffffc90004e0f3a0 EFLAGS: 00000206
RAX: 56cd53d8bacd8000 RBX: ffff888026d6d940 RCX: 56cd53d8bacd8000
RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: ffffffff8a8c23a0 RDI: ffffffff8adf0d20
RBP: 0000000000000001 R08: dffffc0000000000 R09: 1ffffffff215ea48
R10: dffffc0000000000 R11: fffffbfff215ea49 R12: 0000000000000002
R13: 0000000000000246 R14: ffffffff8cb2d620 R15: ffff888026d6e470
 lookup_page_ext mm/page_ext.c:277 [inline]
 page_ext_get+0x18f/0x2a0 mm/page_ext.c:158
 page_table_check_clear+0x4a/0x6b0 mm/page_table_check.c:71
 ptep_get_and_clear_full arch/x86/include/asm/jump_label.h:-1 [inline]
 zap_pte_range mm/memory.c:1433 [inline]
 zap_pmd_range mm/memory.c:1572 [inline]
 zap_pud_range mm/memory.c:1601 [inline]
 zap_p4d_range mm/memory.c:1622 [inline]
 unmap_page_range+0x192d/0x2500 mm/memory.c:1643
 unmap_vmas+0x260/0x390 mm/memory.c:1728
 exit_mmap+0x20d/0x960 mm/mmap.c:3250
 __mmput+0x118/0x3c0 kernel/fork.c:1205
 exit_mm+0x1fe/0x2d0 kernel/exit.c:565
 do_exit+0x905/0x2480 kernel/exit.c:867
 do_group_exit+0x217/0x2d0 kernel/exit.c:1022
 get_signal+0x1272/0x1350 kernel/signal.c:2871
 arch_do_signal_or_restart+0xc4/0x1350 arch/x86/kernel/signal.c:871
 exit_to_user_mode_loop+0x70/0x110 kernel/entry/common.c:174
 exit_to_user_mode_prepare+0xee/0x180 kernel/entry/common.c:210
 __syscall_exit_to_user_mode_work kernel/entry/common.c:292 [inline]
 syscall_exit_to_user_mode+0x16/0x40 kernel/entry/common.c:303
 do_syscall_64+0x58/0xa0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:82
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x68/0xd2
RIP: 0033:0x7f5abc79bf79
Code: Unable to access opcode bytes at 0x7f5abc79bf4f.
RSP: 002b:00007f5abd6770e8 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 00000000000000ca
RAX: fffffffffffffe00 RBX: 00007f5abca15fa8 RCX: 00007f5abc79bf79
RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000080 RDI: 00007f5abca15fa8
RBP: 00007f5abca15fa0 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007f5abca16038 R14: 00007ffc413cb760 R15: 00007ffc413cb848
 </TASK>

Allocated by task 7059:
 kasan_save_stack mm/kasan/common.c:46 [inline]
 kasan_set_track+0x4b/0x70 mm/kasan/common.c:53
 ____kasan_kmalloc mm/kasan/common.c:375 [inline]
 __kasan_kmalloc+0x8e/0xa0 mm/kasan/common.c:384
 kmalloc include/linux/slab.h:563 [inline]
 kzalloc include/linux/slab.h:699 [inline]
 snd_usbmidi_in_endpoint_create+0x7e/0xa20 sound/usb/midi.c:1342
 snd_usbmidi_create_endpoints sound/usb/midi.c:1937 [inline]
 __snd_usbmidi_create+0x17d8/0x30b0 sound/usb/midi.c:2659
 snd_usb_create_quirk sound/usb/quirks.c:539 [inline]
 create_composite_quirk+0x1ec/0x4e0 sound/usb/quirks.c:48
 usb_audio_probe+0xb97/0x1d90 sound/usb/card.c:885
 usb_probe_interface+0x5c5/0xb20 drivers/usb/core/driver.c:396
 call_driver_probe drivers/base/dd.c:-1 [inline]
 really_probe+0x2aa/0xc70 drivers/base/dd.c:639
 __driver_probe_device+0x18c/0x330 drivers/base/dd.c:785
 driver_probe_device+0x4f/0x420 drivers/base/dd.c:815
 __device_attach_driver+0x2c6/0x510 drivers/base/dd.c:943
 bus_for_each_drv+0x184/0x210 drivers/base/bus.c:429
 __device_attach+0x2a8/0x480 drivers/base/dd.c:1015
 bus_probe_device+0xbc/0x1e0 drivers/base/bus.c:489
 device_add+0xa00/0xfb0 drivers/base/core.c:3697
 usb_set_configuration+0x1991/0x1fd0 drivers/usb/core/message.c:2165
 usb_generic_driver_probe+0x89/0x150 drivers/usb/core/generic.c:238
 usb_probe_device+0x139/0x270 drivers/usb/core/driver.c:293
 call_driver_probe drivers/base/dd.c:-1 [inline]
 really_probe+0x2aa/0xc70 drivers/base/dd.c:639
 __driver_probe_device+0x18c/0x330 drivers/base/dd.c:785
 driver_probe_device+0x4f/0x420 drivers/base/dd.c:815
 __device_attach_driver+0x2c6/0x510 drivers/base/dd.c:943
 bus_for_each_drv+0x184/0x210 drivers/base/bus.c:429
 __device_attach+0x2a8/0x480 drivers/base/dd.c:1015
 bus_probe_device+0xbc/0x1e0 drivers/base/bus.c:489
 device_add+0xa00/0xfb0 drivers/base/core.c:3697
 usb_new_device+0xd66/0x1650 drivers/usb/core/hub.c:2659
 hub_port_connect drivers/usb/core/hub.c:5517 [inline]
 hub_port_connect_change drivers/usb/core/hub.c:5657 [inline]
 port_event drivers/usb/core/hub.c:5817 [inline]
 hub_event+0x2dcf/0x5560 drivers/usb/core/hub.c:5899
 process_one_work+0x8a2/0x1160 kernel/workqueue.c:2292
 worker_thread+0xaa2/0x1270 kernel/workqueue.c:2439
 kthread+0x29d/0x330 kernel/kthread.c:376
 ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:295

Freed by task 7059:
 kasan_save_stack mm/kasan/common.c:46 [inline]
 kasan_set_track+0x4b/0x70 mm/kasan/common.c:53
 kasan_save_free_info+0x2d/0x50 mm/kasan/generic.c:516
 ____kasan_slab_free+0x126/0x1e0 mm/kasan/common.c:237
 kasan_slab_free include/linux/kasan.h:177 [inline]
 slab_free_hook mm/slub.c:1729 [inline]
 slab_free_freelist_hook+0x131/0x1a0 mm/slub.c:1755
 slab_free mm/slub.c:3687 [inline]
 __kmem_cache_free+0xb6/0x1f0 mm/slub.c:3700
 snd_usbmidi_free sound/usb/midi.c:1530 [inline]
 snd_usbmidi_rawmidi_free+0xaa/0x150 sound/usb/midi.c:1590
 snd_rawmidi_free+0x3b7/0x3e0 sound/core/rawmidi.c:1908
 snd_rawmidi_dev_free+0x34/0x40 sound/core/rawmidi.c:1917
 __snd_device_free+0x1cd/0x2e0 sound/core/device.c:76
 snd_device_free_all+0xcb/0x180 sound/core/device.c:233
 snd_card_do_free sound/core/init.c:603 [inline]
 release_card_device+0x6b/0x1a0 sound/core/init.c:145
 device_release+0x92/0x1c0 drivers/base/core.c:-1
 kobject_cleanup lib/kobject.c:681 [inline]
 kobject_release lib/kobject.c:712 [inline]
 kref_put include/linux/kref.h:65 [inline]
 kobject_put+0x21d/0x460 lib/kobject.c:729
 snd_card_free_when_closed sound/core/init.c:633 [inline]
 snd_card_free+0x14b/0x1e0 sound/core/init.c:666
 usb_audio_probe+0x18bd/0x1d90 sound/usb/card.c:939
 usb_probe_interface+0x5c5/0xb20 drivers/usb/core/driver.c:396
 call_driver_probe drivers/base/dd.c:-1 [inline]
 really_probe+0x2aa/0xc70 drivers/base/dd.c:639
 __driver_probe_device+0x18c/0x330 drivers/base/dd.c:785
 driver_probe_device+0x4f/0x420 drivers/base/dd.c:815
 __device_attach_driver+0x2c6/0x510 drivers/base/dd.c:943
 bus_for_each_drv+0x184/0x210 drivers/base/bus.c:429
 __device_attach+0x2a8/0x480 drivers/base/dd.c:1015
 bus_probe_device+0xbc/0x1e0 drivers/base/bus.c:489
 device_add+0xa00/0xfb0 drivers/base/core.c:3697
 usb_set_configuration+0x1991/0x1fd0 drivers/usb/core/message.c:2165
 usb_generic_driver_probe+0x89/0x150 drivers/usb/core/generic.c:238
 usb_probe_device+0x139/0x270 drivers/usb/core/driver.c:293
 call_driver_probe drivers/base/dd.c:-1 [inline]
 really_probe+0x2aa/0xc70 drivers/base/dd.c:639
 __driver_probe_device+0x18c/0x330 drivers/base/dd.c:785
 driver_probe_device+0x4f/0x420 drivers/base/dd.c:815
 __device_attach_driver+0x2c6/0x510 drivers/base/dd.c:943
 bus_for_each_drv+0x184/0x210 drivers/base/bus.c:429
 __device_attach+0x2a8/0x480 drivers/base/dd.c:1015
 bus_probe_device+0xbc/0x1e0 drivers/base/bus.c:489
 device_add+0xa00/0xfb0 drivers/base/core.c:3697
 usb_new_device+0xd66/0x1650 drivers/usb/core/hub.c:2659
 hub_port_connect drivers/usb/core/hub.c:5517 [inline]
 hub_port_connect_change drivers/usb/core/hub.c:5657 [inline]
 port_event drivers/usb/core/hub.c:5817 [inline]
 hub_event+0x2dcf/0x5560 drivers/usb/core/hub.c:5899
 process_one_work+0x8a2/0x1160 kernel/workqueue.c:2292
 worker_thread+0xaa2/0x1270 kernel/workqueue.c:2439
 kthread+0x29d/0x330 kernel/kthread.c:376
 ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:295

Last potentially related work creation:
 kasan_save_stack+0x3a/0x60 mm/kasan/common.c:46
 __kasan_record_aux_stack+0xb2/0xc0 mm/kasan/generic.c:486
 insert_work+0x54/0x3c0 kernel/workqueue.c:1361
 __queue_work+0xba3/0xfb0 kernel/workqueue.c:1520
 call_timer_fn+0x1ac/0x670 kernel/time/timer.c:1701
 expire_timers kernel/time/timer.c:1747 [inline]
 __run_timers+0x569/0x800 kernel/time/timer.c:2023
 run_timer_softirq+0x63/0xf0 kernel/time/timer.c:2036
 handle_softirqs+0x2a1/0x930 kernel/softirq.c:596
 __do_softirq kernel/softirq.c:630 [inline]
 invoke_softirq kernel/softirq.c:470 [inline]
 __irq_exit_rcu+0x13b/0x230 kernel/softirq.c:679
 irq_exit_rcu+0x5/0x20 kernel/softirq.c:691
 instr_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1118 [inline]
 sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0xa0/0xc0 arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1118
 asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x16/0x20 arch/x86/include/asm/idtentry.h:691

Second to last potentially related work creation:
 kasan_save_stack+0x3a/0x60 mm/kasan/common.c:46
 __kasan_record_aux_stack+0xb2/0xc0 mm/kasan/generic.c:486
 kvfree_call_rcu+0x103/0x870 kernel/rcu/tree.c:3405
 __ipv6_dev_mc_dec+0x2c8/0x330 net/ipv6/mcast.c:981
 addrconf_leave_solict net/ipv6/addrconf.c:2209 [inline]
 __ipv6_ifa_notify+0x75d/0xe60 net/ipv6/addrconf.c:6230
 addrconf_ifdown+0xeb3/0x1a50 net/ipv6/addrconf.c:3922
 addrconf_notify+0x405/0xf40 net/ipv6/addrconf.c:-1
 notifier_call_chain kernel/notifier.c:87 [inline]
 raw_notifier_call_chain+0xcb/0x160 kernel/notifier.c:455
 call_netdevice_notifiers_extack net/core/dev.c:2052 [inline]
 call_netdevice_notifiers net/core/dev.c:2066 [inline]
 __dev_notify_flags+0x158/0x300 net/core/dev.c:8691
 dev_change_flags+0xe3/0x1a0 net/core/dev.c:8727
 do_setlink+0xba1/0x3e60 net/core/rtnetlink.c:2833
 rtnl_setlink+0x37e/0x510 net/core/rtnetlink.c:3124
 rtnetlink_rcv_msg+0x87c/0xfc0 net/core/rtnetlink.c:6150
 netlink_rcv_skb+0x1fb/0x450 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2511
 netlink_unicast_kernel net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1318 [inline]
 netlink_unicast+0x74d/0x8d0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1344
 netlink_sendmsg+0x8ad/0xbd0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1872
 sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:718 [inline]
 __sock_sendmsg net/socket.c:730 [inline]
 ____sys_sendmsg+0x5be/0x970 net/socket.c:2518
 ___sys_sendmsg+0x2a2/0x360 net/socket.c:2572
 __sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2601 [inline]
 __do_sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2610 [inline]
 __se_sys_sendmsg+0x1bb/0x2a0 net/socket.c:2608
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:46 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0x4c/0xa0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:76
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x68/0xd2

The buggy address belongs to the object at ffff8880561b8800
 which belongs to the cache kmalloc-512 of size 512
The buggy address is located 323 bytes inside of
 512-byte region [ffff8880561b8800, ffff8880561b8a00)

The buggy address belongs to the physical page:
page:ffffea0001586e00 refcount:1 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x0 pfn:0x561b8
head:ffffea0001586e00 order:2 compound_mapcount:0 compound_pincount:0
flags: 0xfff00000010200(slab|head|node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000010200 0000000000000000 dead000000000001 ffff888017441c80
raw: 0000000000000000 0000000000100010 00000001ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: kasan: bad access detected
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 2, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0xd20c0(__GFP_IO|__GFP_FS|__GFP_NOWARN|__GFP_NORETRY|__GFP_COMP|__GFP_NOMEMALLOC), pid 4270, tgid 4270 (syz-executor), ts 84787248904, free_ts 22907407291
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:31 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x173/0x1a0 mm/page_alloc.c:2559
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:2566 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x1a1e/0x1ab0 mm/page_alloc.c:4357
 __alloc_pages+0x1ec/0x4f0 mm/page_alloc.c:5643
 alloc_slab_page+0x5d/0x160 mm/slub.c:1799
 allocate_slab mm/slub.c:1944 [inline]
 new_slab+0x87/0x2c0 mm/slub.c:1997
 ___slab_alloc+0xbc6/0x1240 mm/slub.c:3154
 __slab_alloc mm/slub.c:3240 [inline]
 slab_alloc_node mm/slub.c:3325 [inline]
 __kmem_cache_alloc_node+0x1a0/0x260 mm/slub.c:3398
 __do_kmalloc_node mm/slab_common.c:935 [inline]
 __kmalloc+0xa0/0x240 mm/slab_common.c:949
 kmalloc include/linux/slab.h:568 [inline]
 kzalloc include/linux/slab.h:699 [inline]
 fib6_info_alloc+0x2e/0xe0 net/ipv6/ip6_fib.c:156
 ip6_route_info_create+0x44f/0x1210 net/ipv6/route.c:3794
 ip6_route_add+0x24/0x130 net/ipv6/route.c:3890
 addrconf_add_mroute net/ipv6/addrconf.c:2506 [inline]
 addrconf_add_dev+0x298/0x3a0 net/ipv6/addrconf.c:2524
 addrconf_dev_config net/ipv6/addrconf.c:3424 [inline]
 addrconf_init_auto_addrs+0x6ab/0xaf0 net/ipv6/addrconf.c:3512
 addrconf_notify+0xaca/0xf40 net/ipv6/addrconf.c:3685
 notifier_call_chain kernel/notifier.c:87 [inline]
 raw_notifier_call_chain+0xcb/0x160 kernel/notifier.c:455
 call_netdevice_notifiers_extack net/core/dev.c:2052 [inline]
 call_netdevice_notifiers net/core/dev.c:2066 [inline]
 __dev_notify_flags+0x194/0x300 net/core/dev.c:8689
page last free stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:24 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1486 [inline]
 free_pcp_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1536 [inline]
 free_unref_page_prepare+0x8b4/0x9a0 mm/page_alloc.c:3413
 free_unref_page+0x2e/0x3f0 mm/page_alloc.c:3508
 free_contig_range+0x9d/0x150 mm/page_alloc.c:9611
 destroy_args+0xf0/0xa0a mm/debug_vm_pgtable.c:1031
 debug_vm_pgtable+0x33c/0x38e mm/debug_vm_pgtable.c:1359
 do_one_initcall+0x26a/0x840 init/main.c:1310
 do_initcall_level+0x137/0x1e4 init/main.c:1383
 do_initcalls+0x4b/0x8a init/main.c:1399
 kernel_init_freeable+0x415/0x5be init/main.c:1638
 kernel_init+0x19/0x1b0 init/main.c:1526
 ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:295

Memory state around the buggy address:
 ffff8880561b8800: fa fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb
 ffff8880561b8880: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb
>ffff8880561b8900: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb
                                           ^
 ffff8880561b8980: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb
 ffff8880561b8a00: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc
==================================================================
----------------
Code disassembly (best guess):
   0:	75 40                	jne    0x42
   2:	48 c7 04 24 00 00 00 	movq   $0x0,(%rsp)
   9:	00
   a:	9c                   	pushf
   b:	8f 04 24             	pop    (%rsp)
   e:	f7 04 24 00 02 00 00 	testl  $0x200,(%rsp)
  15:	75 46                	jne    0x5d
  17:	41 f7 c5 00 02 00 00 	test   $0x200,%r13d
  1e:	74 01                	je     0x21
  20:	fb                   	sti
  21:	65 48 8b 04 25 28 00 	mov    %gs:0x28,%rax
  28:	00 00
* 2a:	48 3b 44 24 08       	cmp    0x8(%rsp),%rax <-- trapping instruction
  2f:	75 3c                	jne    0x6d
  31:	89 e8                	mov    %ebp,%eax
  33:	48 83 c4 10          	add    $0x10,%rsp
  37:	5b                   	pop    %rbx
  38:	41 5c                	pop    %r12
  3a:	41 5d                	pop    %r13
  3c:	41 5e                	pop    %r14
  3e:	41 5f                	pop    %r15

Crashes (3):
Time Kernel Commit Syzkaller Config Log Report Syz repro C repro VM info Assets (help?) Manager Title
2026/02/12 16:35 linux-6.1.y 8ce36b2849ef 504cb1bf .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-6-1-kasan KASAN: use-after-free Read in snd_usbmidi_error_timer
2026/01/11 16:25 linux-6.1.y bec0e10ee67e d6526ea3 .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-6-1-kasan KASAN: use-after-free Read in snd_usbmidi_error_timer
2026/01/01 12:01 linux-6.1.y 50cbba13faa2 d6526ea3 .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-6-1-kasan KASAN: use-after-free Read in snd_usbmidi_error_timer
* Struck through repros no longer work on HEAD.