syzbot


possible deadlock in kernfs_add_one

Status: upstream: reported on 2025/08/06 07:22
Subsystems: kernfs
[Documentation on labels]
Reported-by: syzbot+f50d605480fdec503770@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
First crash: 116d, last: 3d22h
Discussions (1)
Title Replies (including bot) Last reply
[syzbot] [kernfs?] possible deadlock in kernfs_add_one 0 (1) 2025/08/06 07:22

Sample crash report:
BTRFS info (device loop0): enabling disk space caching
BTRFS info (device loop0): force clearing of disk cache
BTRFS info (device loop0): enabling auto defrag
BTRFS info (device loop0): max_inline set to 0
======================================================
WARNING: possible circular locking dependency detected
syzkaller #0 Not tainted
------------------------------------------------------
syz.0.209/7249 is trying to acquire lock:
ffff88813ff74238 (&root->kernfs_rwsem){++++}-{4:4}, at: kernfs_add_one+0x41/0x520 fs/kernfs/dir.c:791

but task is already holding lock:
ffff8880357ae1b8 (&fs_info->qgroup_ioctl_lock){+.+.}-{4:4}, at: btrfs_quota_enable+0x214/0x2920 fs/btrfs/qgroup.c:1018

which lock already depends on the new lock.


the existing dependency chain (in reverse order) is:

-> #5 (&fs_info->qgroup_ioctl_lock){+.+.}-{4:4}:
       lock_acquire+0x120/0x360 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5868
       __mutex_lock_common kernel/locking/rtmutex_api.c:535 [inline]
       mutex_lock_nested+0x5a/0x1d0 kernel/locking/rtmutex_api.c:547
       btrfs_create_qgroup+0x55/0x520 fs/btrfs/qgroup.c:1668
       create_pending_snapshot+0x86c/0x3280 fs/btrfs/transaction.c:1732
       create_pending_snapshots+0x17c/0x1c0 fs/btrfs/transaction.c:1924
       btrfs_commit_transaction+0xeea/0x3950 fs/btrfs/transaction.c:2412
       create_snapshot+0x6bc/0xba0 fs/btrfs/ioctl.c:782
       btrfs_mksubvol+0x545/0x6d0 fs/btrfs/ioctl.c:934
       btrfs_mksnapshot+0xab/0xf0 fs/btrfs/ioctl.c:978
       __btrfs_ioctl_snap_create+0x526/0x740 fs/btrfs/ioctl.c:1242
       btrfs_ioctl_snap_create_v2+0x1fb/0x3b0 fs/btrfs/ioctl.c:1322
       btrfs_ioctl+0xa65/0xd00 fs/btrfs/ioctl.c:-1
       vfs_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:51 [inline]
       __do_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:597 [inline]
       __se_sys_ioctl+0xff/0x170 fs/ioctl.c:583
       do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
       do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
       entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f

-> #4 (&fs_info->reloc_mutex){+.+.}-{4:4}:
       lock_acquire+0x120/0x360 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5868
       __mutex_lock_common kernel/locking/rtmutex_api.c:535 [inline]
       mutex_lock_nested+0x5a/0x1d0 kernel/locking/rtmutex_api.c:547
       btrfs_record_root_in_trans+0x14f/0x180 fs/btrfs/transaction.c:503
       start_transaction+0x3a4/0x1620 fs/btrfs/transaction.c:779
       btrfs_create_common+0x145/0x230 fs/btrfs/inode.c:6786
       lookup_open fs/namei.c:3796 [inline]
       open_last_lookups fs/namei.c:3895 [inline]
       path_openat+0x1500/0x3840 fs/namei.c:4131
       do_filp_open+0x1fa/0x410 fs/namei.c:4161
       do_sys_openat2+0x121/0x1c0 fs/open.c:1437
       do_sys_open fs/open.c:1452 [inline]
       __do_sys_openat fs/open.c:1468 [inline]
       __se_sys_openat fs/open.c:1463 [inline]
       __x64_sys_openat+0x138/0x170 fs/open.c:1463
       do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
       do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
       entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f

-> #3 (btrfs_trans_num_extwriters){++++}-{0:0}:
       lock_acquire+0x120/0x360 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5868
       join_transaction+0x1a4/0xca0 fs/btrfs/transaction.c:321
       start_transaction+0x6b6/0x1620 fs/btrfs/transaction.c:705
       btrfs_rebuild_free_space_tree+0xad/0x6d0 fs/btrfs/free-space-tree.c:1340
       btrfs_start_pre_rw_mount+0x128f/0x1bf0 fs/btrfs/disk-io.c:3062
       open_ctree+0x2b11/0x3d20 fs/btrfs/disk-io.c:3619
       btrfs_fill_super fs/btrfs/super.c:987 [inline]
       btrfs_get_tree_super fs/btrfs/super.c:1951 [inline]
       btrfs_get_tree_subvol fs/btrfs/super.c:2094 [inline]
       btrfs_get_tree+0x1061/0x1920 fs/btrfs/super.c:2128
       vfs_get_tree+0x92/0x2b0 fs/super.c:1758
       fc_mount fs/namespace.c:1199 [inline]
       do_new_mount_fc fs/namespace.c:3642 [inline]
       do_new_mount+0x302/0xa10 fs/namespace.c:3718
       do_mount fs/namespace.c:4041 [inline]
       __do_sys_mount fs/namespace.c:4229 [inline]
       __se_sys_mount+0x313/0x410 fs/namespace.c:4206
       do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
       do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
       entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f

-> #2 (btrfs_trans_num_writers){++++}-{0:0}:
       reacquire_held_locks+0x127/0x1d0 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5385
       __lock_release kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5574 [inline]
       lock_release+0x1b4/0x3e0 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5889
       percpu_up_read include/linux/percpu-rwsem.h:112 [inline]
       __sb_end_write include/linux/fs.h:1911 [inline]
       sb_end_intwrite+0x26/0x1c0 include/linux/fs.h:2028
       __btrfs_end_transaction+0x248/0x640 fs/btrfs/transaction.c:1076
       btrfs_dirty_inode+0x14c/0x190 fs/btrfs/inode.c:6286
       inode_update_time fs/inode.c:2129 [inline]
       touch_atime+0x2f9/0x6d0 fs/inode.c:2202
       file_accessed include/linux/fs.h:2673 [inline]
       btrfs_file_mmap_prepare+0xde/0x150 fs/btrfs/file.c:2049
       vfs_mmap_prepare include/linux/fs.h:2410 [inline]
       call_mmap_prepare mm/vma.c:2586 [inline]
       __mmap_region mm/vma.c:2654 [inline]
       mmap_region+0xb52/0x20f0 mm/vma.c:2740
       do_mmap+0xc23/0x10c0 mm/mmap.c:558
       vm_mmap_pgoff+0x2a9/0x4d0 mm/util.c:581
       ksys_mmap_pgoff+0x4e9/0x720 mm/mmap.c:604
       do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
       do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
       entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f

-> #1 (&mm->mmap_lock){++++}-{4:4}:
       lock_acquire+0x120/0x360 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5868
       down_read_killable+0x9d/0x220 kernel/locking/rwsem.c:1560
       mmap_read_lock_killable+0x1d/0x70 include/linux/mmap_lock.h:377
       get_mmap_lock_carefully mm/mmap_lock.c:377 [inline]
       lock_mm_and_find_vma+0x2a8/0x300 mm/mmap_lock.c:428
       do_user_addr_fault+0x331/0x1380 arch/x86/mm/fault.c:1359
       handle_page_fault arch/x86/mm/fault.c:1476 [inline]
       exc_page_fault+0x82/0x100 arch/x86/mm/fault.c:1532
       asm_exc_page_fault+0x26/0x30 arch/x86/include/asm/idtentry.h:618
       filldir64+0x2ac/0x690 fs/readdir.c:-1
       dir_emit include/linux/fs.h:3988 [inline]
       kernfs_fop_readdir+0x53a/0x870 fs/kernfs/dir.c:1910
       iterate_dir+0x3a5/0x580 fs/readdir.c:108
       __do_sys_getdents64 fs/readdir.c:410 [inline]
       __se_sys_getdents64+0xe4/0x260 fs/readdir.c:396
       do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
       do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
       entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f

-> #0 (&root->kernfs_rwsem){++++}-{4:4}:
       check_prev_add kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3165 [inline]
       check_prevs_add kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3284 [inline]
       validate_chain+0xb9b/0x2140 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3908
       __lock_acquire+0xab9/0xd20 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5237
       lock_acquire+0x120/0x360 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5868
       down_write+0x3a/0x50 kernel/locking/rwsem.c:1590
       kernfs_add_one+0x41/0x520 fs/kernfs/dir.c:791
       kernfs_create_dir_ns+0xde/0x130 fs/kernfs/dir.c:1093
       sysfs_create_dir_ns+0x123/0x280 fs/sysfs/dir.c:59
       create_dir lib/kobject.c:73 [inline]
       kobject_add_internal+0x5a5/0xb50 lib/kobject.c:240
       kobject_add_varg lib/kobject.c:374 [inline]
       kobject_init_and_add+0x125/0x190 lib/kobject.c:457
       btrfs_sysfs_add_qgroups+0x111/0x2b0 fs/btrfs/sysfs.c:2645
       btrfs_quota_enable+0x25d/0x2920 fs/btrfs/qgroup.c:1022
       btrfs_ioctl_quota_ctl+0x186/0x1c0 fs/btrfs/ioctl.c:3667
       vfs_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:51 [inline]
       __do_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:597 [inline]
       __se_sys_ioctl+0xff/0x170 fs/ioctl.c:583
       do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
       do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
       entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f

other info that might help us debug this:

Chain exists of:
  &root->kernfs_rwsem --> &fs_info->reloc_mutex --> &fs_info->qgroup_ioctl_lock

 Possible unsafe locking scenario:

       CPU0                    CPU1
       ----                    ----
  lock(&fs_info->qgroup_ioctl_lock);
                               lock(&fs_info->reloc_mutex);
                               lock(&fs_info->qgroup_ioctl_lock);
  lock(&root->kernfs_rwsem);

 *** DEADLOCK ***

3 locks held by syz.0.209/7249:
 #0: ffff888029a28480 (sb_writers#18){.+.+}-{0:0}, at: mnt_want_write_file+0x63/0x210 fs/namespace.c:543
 #1: ffff8880357ad080 (&fs_info->subvol_sem){++++}-{4:4}, at: btrfs_ioctl_quota_ctl+0x17b/0x1c0 fs/btrfs/ioctl.c:3666
 #2: ffff8880357ae1b8 (&fs_info->qgroup_ioctl_lock){+.+.}-{4:4}, at: btrfs_quota_enable+0x214/0x2920 fs/btrfs/qgroup.c:1018

stack backtrace:
CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 7249 Comm: syz.0.209 Not tainted syzkaller #0 PREEMPT_{RT,(full)} 
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 print_circular_bug+0x2ee/0x310 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:2043
 check_noncircular+0x134/0x160 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:2175
 check_prev_add kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3165 [inline]
 check_prevs_add kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3284 [inline]
 validate_chain+0xb9b/0x2140 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3908
 __lock_acquire+0xab9/0xd20 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5237
 lock_acquire+0x120/0x360 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5868
 down_write+0x3a/0x50 kernel/locking/rwsem.c:1590
 kernfs_add_one+0x41/0x520 fs/kernfs/dir.c:791
 kernfs_create_dir_ns+0xde/0x130 fs/kernfs/dir.c:1093
 sysfs_create_dir_ns+0x123/0x280 fs/sysfs/dir.c:59
 create_dir lib/kobject.c:73 [inline]
 kobject_add_internal+0x5a5/0xb50 lib/kobject.c:240
 kobject_add_varg lib/kobject.c:374 [inline]
 kobject_init_and_add+0x125/0x190 lib/kobject.c:457
 btrfs_sysfs_add_qgroups+0x111/0x2b0 fs/btrfs/sysfs.c:2645
 btrfs_quota_enable+0x25d/0x2920 fs/btrfs/qgroup.c:1022
 btrfs_ioctl_quota_ctl+0x186/0x1c0 fs/btrfs/ioctl.c:3667
 vfs_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:51 [inline]
 __do_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:597 [inline]
 __se_sys_ioctl+0xff/0x170 fs/ioctl.c:583
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7f00044ff749
Code: ff ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 40 00 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 a8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48
RSP: 002b:00007f0002766038 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000010
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f0004755fa0 RCX: 00007f00044ff749
RDX: 0000200000000580 RSI: 00000000c0109428 RDI: 0000000000000005
RBP: 00007f0004583f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007f0004756038 R14: 00007f0004755fa0 R15: 00007ffd9c2f0808
 </TASK>

Crashes (7):
Time Kernel Commit Syzkaller Config Log Report Syz repro C repro VM info Assets (help?) Manager Title
2025/11/22 13:01 upstream 2eba5e05d9bc 4fb8ef37 .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-upstream-fs possible deadlock in kernfs_add_one
2025/09/18 03:03 upstream d4b779985a6c e2beed91 .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-upstream-fs possible deadlock in kernfs_add_one
2025/08/29 05:38 upstream 07d9df80082b d401b9d7 .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-upstream-fs possible deadlock in kernfs_add_one
2025/08/02 07:19 upstream 0905809b38bd 7368264b .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-upstream-fs possible deadlock in kernfs_add_one
2025/10/26 10:08 linux-next 72fb0170ef1f c0460fcd .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-upstream-linux-next-kasan-gce-root possible deadlock in kernfs_add_one
2025/11/21 08:26 git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux.git for-kernelci 3812f8fa7c83 280ea308 .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-upstream-gce-arm64 possible deadlock in kernfs_add_one
2025/09/21 15:00 git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux.git for-kernelci 506ba4ea4cf5 67c37560 .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-upstream-gce-arm64 possible deadlock in kernfs_add_one
* Struck through repros no longer work on HEAD.