assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c

Status: upstream: reported on 2025/02/08 12:26
Reported-by: syzbot+bee527c059e64ef8bdec@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
First crash: 596d, last: 2h14m

Sample crash report:
������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������panic: kernel diagnostic assertion "refs != ~0" failed: file "/syzkaller/managers/multicore/kernel/sys/kern/kern_synch.c", line 959
Stopped at      db_enter+0x25:  addq    $0x8,%rsp
    TID    PID    UID     PRFLAGS     PFLAGS  CPU  COMMAND
 416008  58155      0           0          0    0  syz-executor
*422976  58155      0           0  0x4000000    1K syz-executor
db_enter() at db_enter+0x25 sys/arch/amd64/amd64/db_interface.c:438
panic(ffffffff834c3a70) at panic+0x1e5 sys/kern/subr_prf.c:198
__assert(ffffffff83504321,ffffffff835127f6,3bf,ffffffff8353b5ad) at __assert+0x29 sys/kern/subr_prf.c:-1
refcnt_finalize(ffff80003c3d8c58,ffffffff834c027d) at refcnt_finalize+0x1e7 sys/kern/kern_synch.c:960
pppx_if_destroy(285b9c,ffff80003c3d8c50) at pppx_if_destroy+0x3d sys/net/if_pppx.c:794
pppxclose(285b9c,1,2000,ffff80002a2dd788) at pppxclose+0xa0 sys/net/if_pppx.c:541
spec_close(ffff80002a364b50) at spec_close+0x417 sys/kern/spec_vnops.c:-1
VOP_CLOSE(fffffa80715bae98,1,fffffa80097fd3a8,ffff80002a2dd788) at VOP_CLOSE+0x132 sys/kern/vfs_vops.c:156
vn_closefile(fffffa806cf25670,ffff80002a2dd788) at vn_closefile+0x12b vn_close sys/kern/vfs_vnops.c:298 [inline]
vn_closefile(fffffa806cf25670,ffff80002a2dd788) at vn_closefile+0x12b sys/kern/vfs_vnops.c:621
fdrop(fffffa806cf25670,ffff80002a2dd788) at fdrop+0x121 sys/kern/kern_descrip.c:1281
closef(fffffa806cf25670,ffff80002a2dd788) at closef+0x192 sys/kern/kern_descrip.c:1265
sys_closefrom(ffff80002a2dd788,ffff80002a364e20,ffff80002a364d70) at sys_closefrom+0x13c sys/kern/kern_descrip.c:1471
syscall(ffff80002a364e20) at syscall+0xbd4 mi_syscall sys/sys/syscall_mi.h:176 [inline]
syscall(ffff80002a364e20) at syscall+0xbd4 sys/arch/amd64/amd64/trap.c:791
Xsyscall() at Xsyscall+0x128
end of kernel
end trace frame: 0xcf0ef9e170, count: 1
https://www.openbsd.org/ddb.html describes the minimum info required in bug
reports.  Insufficient info makes it difficult to find and fix bugs.
ddb{1}> 
ddb{1}> set $lines = 0
ddb{1}> set $maxwidth = 0
ddb{1}> show panic
*cpu1: kernel diagnostic assertion "refs != ~0" failed: file "/syzkaller/managers/multicore/kernel/sys/kern/kern_synch.c", line 959
ddb{1}> show kasan
No such command
ddb{1}> trace
db_enter() at db_enter+0x25 sys/arch/amd64/amd64/db_interface.c:438
panic(ffffffff834c3a70) at panic+0x1e5 sys/kern/subr_prf.c:198
__assert(ffffffff83504321,ffffffff835127f6,3bf,ffffffff8353b5ad) at __assert+0x29 sys/kern/subr_prf.c:-1
refcnt_finalize(ffff80003c3d8c58,ffffffff834c027d) at refcnt_finalize+0x1e7 sys/kern/kern_synch.c:960
pppx_if_destroy(285b9c,ffff80003c3d8c50) at pppx_if_destroy+0x3d sys/net/if_pppx.c:794
pppxclose(285b9c,1,2000,ffff80002a2dd788) at pppxclose+0xa0 sys/net/if_pppx.c:541
spec_close(ffff80002a364b50) at spec_close+0x417 sys/kern/spec_vnops.c:-1
VOP_CLOSE(fffffa80715bae98,1,fffffa80097fd3a8,ffff80002a2dd788) at VOP_CLOSE+0x132 sys/kern/vfs_vops.c:156
vn_closefile(fffffa806cf25670,ffff80002a2dd788) at vn_closefile+0x12b vn_close sys/kern/vfs_vnops.c:298 [inline]
vn_closefile(fffffa806cf25670,ffff80002a2dd788) at vn_closefile+0x12b sys/kern/vfs_vnops.c:621
fdrop(fffffa806cf25670,ffff80002a2dd788) at fdrop+0x121 sys/kern/kern_descrip.c:1281
closef(fffffa806cf25670,ffff80002a2dd788) at closef+0x192 sys/kern/kern_descrip.c:1265
sys_closefrom(ffff80002a2dd788,ffff80002a364e20,ffff80002a364d70) at sys_closefrom+0x13c sys/kern/kern_descrip.c:1471
syscall(ffff80002a364e20) at syscall+0xbd4 mi_syscall sys/sys/syscall_mi.h:176 [inline]
syscall(ffff80002a364e20) at syscall+0xbd4 sys/arch/amd64/amd64/trap.c:791
Xsyscall() at Xsyscall+0x128
end of kernel
end trace frame: 0xcf0ef9e170, count: -14
ddb{1}> show registers
rdi                                0
rsi                              0x1
rbp               0xffff80002a364910
rbx               0xffff80002999ee0f
rdx                                0
rcx               0xffff80002a2dd788
rax               0xffff80002999dff0
r8                 0x101010101010101
r9                0x8080808080808080
r10               0xf707fd20c1920b33
r11               0x98209fe9ff98c8f9
r12               0xffff80002999ec10
r13                                0
r14                                0
r15                              0x1
rip               0xffffffff83087115    db_enter+0x25
cs                               0x8
rflags                         0x246
rsp               0xffff80002a364900
ss                              0x10
db_enter+0x25:  addq    $0x8,%rsp
ddb{1}> show proc
PROC (syz-executor) tid=422976 pid=58155 tcnt=3 stat=onproc
    flags process=0 proc=4000000<THREAD>
    runpri=32, usrpri=86, slppri=32, nice=20
    wchan=0x0, wmesg=, ps_single=0x0 scnt=0 ecnt=0
    forw=0xffffffffffffffff, list=0xffff80002a2dc7f8,0xffffffff839f6a08
    process=0xffff80002ac14500 user=0xffff80002a35f000, vmspace=0xfffffa806cf1f9a0
    estcpu=36, cpticks=1, pctcpu=0.0, user=0, sys=1, intr=0
ddb{1}> ps
   PID     TID   PPID   UID  S      PRLAGS     PFLAGS WAIT      COMMAND
 58172  180924  91956     0  3         0x2          0 clonelk   ifconfig
 91956  387953  96159     0  3    0x100002       0x88 sigsusp   sh
 58155  416008  44012     0  7           0          0           syz-executor
 58155  398483  44012     0  3           0  0x4000000 smrbar    syz-executor
*58155  422976  44012     0  7           0  0x4000000           syz-executor
 96159  365225  68466     0  3         0x2       0x80 wait      syz-executor
 90640  292023  10952     0  3           0       0x80 nanoslp   syz-executor
 90640  263490  10952     0  3           0  0x4000080 ttyout    syz-executor
 44012  163831  68466     0  3         0x2       0x80 nanoslp   syz-executor
 69603  181184      0     0  3     0x14000      0x280 nfsidl    nfsio
 59871  221712      0     0  3     0x14000      0x280 nfsidl    nfsio
 78822  358668      0     0  3     0x14000      0x280 nfsidl    nfsio
 72607  400894      0     0  3     0x14000      0x280 nfsidl    nfsio
 50406   93002      0     0  3     0x14000      0x280 nfsidl    nfsio
 37031  478504      0     0  3     0x14000      0x280 nfsidl    nfsio
 72323  382167      0     0  3     0x14000      0x280 nfsidl    nfsio
 96820  346368      0     0  3     0x14000      0x280 nfsidl    nfsio
 60745  314763      0     0  3     0x14000      0x280 nfsidl    nfsio
 61797  238623      0     0  3     0x14000      0x280 nfsidl    nfsio
 79505  522310      0     0  3     0x14000      0x280 nfsidl    nfsio
 33828  484237      0     0  3     0x14000      0x280 nfsidl    nfsio
 18340  380392      0     0  3     0x14000      0x280 nfsidl    nfsio
 80826  450927      0     0  3     0x14000      0x280 nfsidl    nfsio
 96253  424674      0     0  3     0x14000      0x280 nfsidl    nfsio
 81123  396317      0     0  3     0x14000      0x280 nfsidl    nfsio
 76547  512702      0     0  3     0x14000      0x280 nfsidl    nfsio
  4150  439413      0     0  3     0x14000      0x280 nfsidl    nfsio
  4503  325462      0     0  3     0x14000      0x280 nfsidl    nfsio
 31059  228115      0     0  3     0x14000      0x280 nfsidl    nfsio
 47561  110152  68466     0  3         0x2       0x80 piperd    syz-executor
 60023  217613  68466     0  3         0x2       0x80 piperd    syz-executor
 19984  395612  68466     0  3         0x2       0x80 piperd    syz-executor
 10952  107990  68466     0  3         0x2       0x80 nanoslp   syz-executor
 68466   83238  13403     0  3         0x2       0x80 wait      syz-executor
 13403  286525  81253     0  3    0x100002       0x88 sigsusp   ksh
 81253  447931  14798     0  3        0x10       0x88 kqread    sshd-session
 14798  517381  35179     0  3        0x12       0x80 kqread    sshd-session
 89273   94508      1     0  3    0x100003       0x80 ttyin     getty
 35179  253463      1     0  3           0       0x88 kqread    sshd
 11330  245025  59092    74  3   0x1100012       0x80 bpf       pflogd
 59092  511092      1     0  3           0       0x80 sbwait    pflogd
 34283  385066  48535    73  3   0x1100010       0x80 kqread    syslogd
 48535  513851      1     0  3    0x100002       0x80 sbwait    syslogd
 43284   43319      1     0  3    0x100000       0x80 kqread    resolvd
 17389  407751  90064    77  3    0x100012       0x80 kqread    dhcpleased
 68344   43930  90064    77  3    0x100012       0x80 kqread    dhcpleased
 90064  397623      1     0  3           0       0x80 kqread    dhcpleased
 70101   34908      0     0  3     0x14000      0x200 bored     smr
 24157  309058      0     0  3     0x14000      0x200 pgzero    zerothread
 44737  144155      0     0  3     0x14000      0x200 aiodoned  aiodoned
 36799  337002      0     0  3     0x14000      0x200 syncer    update
 45809  445494      0     0  3     0x14000      0x200 cleaner   cleaner
 66698   17548      0     0  3     0x14000      0x200 reaper    reaper
 96601   91376      0     0  3     0x14000      0x200 pgdaemon  pagedaemon
  4938  216245      0     0  3     0x14000      0x200 bored     viomb
 68923  309733      0     0  3     0x14000 0x40000200 acpi0     acpi0
 83006  281479      0     0  3     0x14000 0x40000200           idle1
 51055  175027      0     0  3     0x14000      0x200 bored     softnet1
 55426  398269      0     0  3     0x14000      0x200 bored     softnet0
 59131  248271      0     0  3     0x14000      0x200 smrbar    systqmp
 75853   32579      0     0  3     0x14000      0x200 bored     systq
 97640  471007      0     0  3     0x14000      0x200 tmoslp    softclockmp
   984  523449      0     0  3     0x14000 0x40000200 tmoslp    softclock
 17830  225085      0     0  3     0x14000 0x40000200           idle0
     1  462704      0     0  3         0x2       0x80 wait      init
     0       0     -1     0  3     0x10000      0x200 scheduler swapper
ddb{1}> show all locks
Process 58155 (syz-executor) thread 0xffff80002a2dd788 (422976)
exclusive kernel_lock &kernel_lock r = 0 (0xffffffff83a85780)
#0  witness_lock+0x5f1 stacktrace_save sys/sys/stacktrace.h:37 [inline]
#0  witness_lock+0x5f1 sys/kern/subr_witness.c:1160
#1  vn_closefile+0x41 sys/kern/vfs_vnops.c:614
#2  fdrop+0x121 sys/kern/kern_descrip.c:1281
#3  closef+0x192 sys/kern/kern_descrip.c:1265
#4  sys_closefrom+0x13c sys/kern/kern_descrip.c:1471
#5  syscall+0xbd4 mi_syscall sys/sys/syscall_mi.h:176 [inline]
#5  syscall+0xbd4 sys/arch/amd64/amd64/trap.c:791
#6  Xsyscall+0x128
Process 59131 (systqmp) thread 0xffff800045ffe7c8 (248271)
shared rwlock systqmp r = 0 (0xffffffff839c3f58)
#0  witness_lock+0x5f1 stacktrace_save sys/sys/stacktrace.h:37 [inline]
#0  witness_lock+0x5f1 sys/kern/subr_witness.c:1160
#1  taskq_thread+0x12a sys/kern/kern_task.c:442
#2  proc_trampoline+0x10
ddb{1}> show malloc
           Type InUse  MemUse  HighUse   Limit  Requests Type Lim
         devbuf 11055  12083K   12093K 166960K     12185        0
            pcb    18     14K      16K 166960K       112        0
         rtable   219      6K       7K 166960K       485        0
             pf    38     18K      20K 166960K        70        0
         ifaddr    42      7K       8K 166960K        75        0
        ifgroup    60      2K       2K 166960K        98        0
         sysctl     1      1K       9K 166960K         5        0
       counters    76     37K      37K 166960K       102        0
       ioctlops     0      0K       4K 166960K      1497        0
            iov     1      0K       2K 166960K         3        0
          mount     1      1K       1K 166960K         1        0
            log     0      0K       0K 166960K         4        0
         vnodes  1294     81K      81K 166960K      1429        0
      UFS quota     1     32K      32K 166960K         1        0
      UFS mount     5     36K      36K 166960K         5        0
            shm     2      1K       5K 166960K         3        0
         VM map     2      1K       1K 166960K         2        0
            sem     4      0K       0K 166960K         4        0
        dirhash    12      2K       2K 166960K        12        0
           ACPI  1692    195K     286K 166960K     12470        0
      file desc    14     49K      93K 166960K       246        0
          sigio     0      0K       0K 166960K         2        0
           proc    79    131K     164K 166960K       677        0
        subproc    72      4K       4K 166960K       117        0
    NFS srvsock     1      0K       0K 166960K         1        0
     NFS daemon     1     16K      16K 166960K         1        0
    ip_moptions     0      0K       0K 166960K         1        0
       in_multi    89      6K       6K 166960K       149        0
    ether_multi     1      0K       0K 166960K         1        0
            mrt     0      0K       0K 166960K         3        0
    ISOFS mount     1     32K      32K 166960K         1        0
  MSDOSFS mount     1     16K      16K 166960K         1        0
           ttys    37    175K     175K 166960K        37        0
           exec     0      0K       1K 166960K       441        0
   fusefs mount     1     32K      32K 166960K         1        0
     pfkey data     0      0K       0K 166960K         1        0
            tdb     3      0K       0K 166960K         3        0
        VM swap     8     62K      64K 166960K        10        0
       UVM amap   194    159K     169K 166960K      3793        0
       UVM aobj     7      2K       2K 166960K         7        0
     pinsyscall    39     78K     104K 166960K      1510        0
        memdesc     1      4K       4K 166960K         1        0
    crypto data     1      1K       1K 166960K         1        0
    ip6_options     1      0K       0K 166960K         4        0
            NDP    19      0K       1K 166960K        46        0
           temp    35   9118K    9138K 166960K      4100        0
         kqueue    14     22K      26K 166960K        32        0
      SYN cache     2     16K      16K 166960K         2        0
ddb{1}> show all pools
Name      Size Requests Fail Releases Pgreq Pgrel Npage Hiwat Minpg Maxpg Idle
plcache    128       28    0        0     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
rtpcb      120       47    0       44     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
rtentry    176      161    0       61     6     0     6     6     0     8    0
unpcb      144       61    0       44     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
syncache   336        5    0        5     1     0     1     1     0     8    1
tcpcb      736       18    0       14     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
arp        136       26    0       10     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
inpcb      328      189    0      180     6     0     6     6     0     8    5
nd6        152       36    0       15     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
pkpcb       40        1    0        1     1     0     1     1     0     8    1
kcovpl      48       13    0        5     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
ppxss      1192       6    0        4     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
pppxif     1576       6    0        4     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
pffrag     232        3    0        1     1     0     1     1     0   482    0
pffrnode    88        3    0        1     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
pffrent     40        5    0        3     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
pfosfp      40     1428    0     1005     5     0     5     5     0     8    0
pfosfpen   112     1428    0      714    21     0    21    21     0     8    0
pfstitem    24       34    0        0     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
pfstkey    128       34    0        0     2     0     2     2     0     8    0
pfstate    448       33    0        0     4     0     4     4     0     8    0
pfrule     1360      21    0       16     2     1     1     2     0     8    0
art_heap8  4096       1    0        0     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
art_heap4  256      649    0      232    29     0    29    29     0     8    1
art_table   40      650    0      232     5     0     5     5     0     8    0
art_node    32      161    0       58     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
sysvmsgpl   40        4    0        3     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
semapl      72        2    0        0     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
shmpl      120        4    0        0     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
dirhash    1024      17    0        0     3     0     3     3     0     8    0
dino2pl    256     1645    0      163    93     0    93    93     0     8    0
ffsino     296     1645    0      163   115     0   115   115     0     8    0
nchpl      144     1907    0      184    64     0    64    64     0     8    0
vnodes     216     1790    0        0   100     0   100   100     0     8    0
namei      1024    7161    0     7161     4     1     3     3     0     8    3
percpumem   16       67    0       13     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
kstatmem   264       47    0       18     3     0     3     3     0     8    1
scxspl     216     6502    0     6502     4     3     1     3     1     8    1
plimitpl   152      102    0       85     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
sigapl     424      573    0      509     8     0     8     8     0     8    0
knotepl    120      185    0        0     6     0     6     6     0     8    0
kqueuepl   224       35    0       25     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
pipepl     344      145    0      118     3     0     3     3     0     8    0
fdescpl    528      537    0      509     3     0     3     3     0     8    0
filepl     160     2026    0     1815    12     0    12    12     0     8    2
lockfpl    104       31    0       29     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
lockfspl    48       16    0       14     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
sessionpl  144       29    0       20     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
pgrppl      48       43    0       26     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
ucredpl    104      107    0       94     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
zombiepl   144      511    0      509     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
processpl  1240     573    0      509     6     0     6     6     0     8    0
procpl     664      660    0      593     8     0     8     8     0     8    1
sockpl     752      300    0      271    10     0    10    10     0     8    7
mcl64k     65536      2    0        0     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
mcl12k     12288      2    0        0     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
mcl8k      8192       2    0        0     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
mcl4k      4096     115    0        0    15     0    15    15     0     8    0
mcl2k      2048      23    0        0     3     0     3     3     0     8    0
mextrefs    64       18    0        0     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
mtagpl      96        2    0        0     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
mbufpl     256      180    0        0    12     0    12    12     0     8    0
bufpl      272     2350    0      105   150     0   150   150     0     8    0
anonpl      32     3599    0        0    30     0    30    30     0   247    0
amapchunkpl 152   10156    0     9797    21     0    21    21     0   158    3
amappl16   200     1353    0     1338     4     2     2     4     0     8    0
amappl15   192        5    0        5     1     1     0     1     0     8    0
amappl14   184      544    0      542     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
amappl13   176      132    0      120     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
amappl12   168      803    0      777     2     0     2     2     0     8    0
amappl11   160        2    0        2     1     1     0     1     0     8    0
amappl10   152       64    0       50     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
amappl9    144      272    0      272     1     1     0     1     0     8    0
amappl8    136      115    0      112     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
amappl7    128      160    0      147     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
amappl6    120      197    0      194     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
amappl5    112       97    0       87     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
amappl4    104      312    0      293     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
amappl3     96     1859    0     1786     3     0     3     3     0     8    0
amappl2     88      639    0      567     2     0     2     2     0     8    0
amappl1     80    11064    0    10467    14     0    14    14     0     8    0
amappl      88     2997    0     2875     4     0     4     4     0    92    0
uvmvnodes   80      100    0        0     3     0     3     3     0     8    0
dma4096    4096       1    0        1     1     1     0     1     0     8    0
dma1024    1024       1    0        0     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
dma256     256        6    0        6     1     1     0     1     0     8    0
dma128     128      253    0      253     1     1     0     1     0     8    0
dma64       64        6    0        6     1     1     0     1     0     8    0
dma32       32        7    0        7     1     1     0     1     0     8    0
dma16       16       18    0       17     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
aobjpl      72        6    0        0     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
uaddrrnd    24      537    0      509     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
uaddrbest   32        2    0        0     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
uaddr       24      537    0      509     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
vmmpekpl   168     6496    0     6444     3     0     3     3     0     8    0
vmmpepl    168    43190    0    41521    87     0    87    87     0   357    7
vmsppl     488      536    0      509     5     0     5     5     0     8    1
rwobjpl     80    15367    0    14373    23     0    23    23     0     8    1
pdppl      4096    1081    0     1018    99    26    73    87     0     8   10
pvpl        32     9650    0        0    80     2    78    79     0   265    0
pmappl     256      536    0      509     3     0     3     3     0     8    1
extentpl    40       45    0       27     1     0     1     1     0     8    0
phpool     112      425    0       30    12     0    12    12     0     8    0
ddb{1}> machine ddbcpu 0
Stopped at      x86_ipi_db+0x27:        addq    $0x8,%rsp
x86_ipi_db(ffffffff839ddff0) at x86_ipi_db+0x27 sys/arch/amd64/amd64/db_interface.c:394
x86_ipi_handler() at x86_ipi_handler+0xd9 sys/arch/amd64/amd64/ipi.c:106
Xresume_lapic_ipi() at Xresume_lapic_ipi+0x27
__mp_lock(ffffffff83a84f80) at __mp_lock+0x199 __mp_lock_spin sys/kern/kern_lock.c:142 [inline]
__mp_lock(ffffffff83a84f80) at __mp_lock+0x199 sys/kern/kern_lock.c:173
intr_handler(ffff80002ab9acb0,ffff800000079600) at intr_handler+0xe9 sys/arch/amd64/amd64/intr.c:560
Xintr_ioapic_edge16_untramp() at Xintr_ioapic_edge16_untramp+0x18f
end of kernel
end trace frame: 0x75dc16d3ce00, count: 9
ddb{0}> trace
x86_ipi_db(ffffffff839ddff0) at x86_ipi_db+0x27 sys/arch/amd64/amd64/db_interface.c:394
x86_ipi_handler() at x86_ipi_handler+0xd9 sys/arch/amd64/amd64/ipi.c:106
Xresume_lapic_ipi() at Xresume_lapic_ipi+0x27
__mp_lock(ffffffff83a84f80) at __mp_lock+0x199 __mp_lock_spin sys/kern/kern_lock.c:142 [inline]
__mp_lock(ffffffff83a84f80) at __mp_lock+0x199 sys/kern/kern_lock.c:173
intr_handler(ffff80002ab9acb0,ffff800000079600) at intr_handler+0xe9 sys/arch/amd64/amd64/intr.c:560
Xintr_ioapic_edge16_untramp() at Xintr_ioapic_edge16_untramp+0x18f
end of kernel
end trace frame: 0x75dc16d3ce00, count: -6
ddb{0}> machine ddbcpu 1
Stopped at      db_enter+0x25:  addq    $0x8,%rsp
db_enter() at db_enter+0x25 sys/arch/amd64/amd64/db_interface.c:438
panic(ffffffff834c3a70) at panic+0x1e5 sys/kern/subr_prf.c:198
__assert(ffffffff83504321,ffffffff835127f6,3bf,ffffffff8353b5ad) at __assert+0x29 sys/kern/subr_prf.c:-1
refcnt_finalize(ffff80003c3d8c58,ffffffff834c027d) at refcnt_finalize+0x1e7 sys/kern/kern_synch.c:960
pppx_if_destroy(285b9c,ffff80003c3d8c50) at pppx_if_destroy+0x3d sys/net/if_pppx.c:794
pppxclose(285b9c,1,2000,ffff80002a2dd788) at pppxclose+0xa0 sys/net/if_pppx.c:541
spec_close(ffff80002a364b50) at spec_close+0x417 sys/kern/spec_vnops.c:-1
VOP_CLOSE(fffffa80715bae98,1,fffffa80097fd3a8,ffff80002a2dd788) at VOP_CLOSE+0x132 sys/kern/vfs_vops.c:156
vn_closefile(fffffa806cf25670,ffff80002a2dd788) at vn_closefile+0x12b vn_close sys/kern/vfs_vnops.c:298 [inline]
vn_closefile(fffffa806cf25670,ffff80002a2dd788) at vn_closefile+0x12b sys/kern/vfs_vnops.c:621
fdrop(fffffa806cf25670,ffff80002a2dd788) at fdrop+0x121 sys/kern/kern_descrip.c:1281
closef(fffffa806cf25670,ffff80002a2dd788) at closef+0x192 sys/kern/kern_descrip.c:1265
sys_closefrom(ffff80002a2dd788,ffff80002a364e20,ffff80002a364d70) at sys_closefrom+0x13c sys/kern/kern_descrip.c:1471
syscall(ffff80002a364e20) at syscall+0xbd4 mi_syscall sys/sys/syscall_mi.h:176 [inline]
syscall(ffff80002a364e20) at syscall+0xbd4 sys/arch/amd64/amd64/trap.c:791
Xsyscall() at Xsyscall+0x128
end of kernel
end trace frame: 0xcf0ef9e170, count: 1
ddb{1}> trace
db_enter() at db_enter+0x25 sys/arch/amd64/amd64/db_interface.c:438
panic(ffffffff834c3a70) at panic+0x1e5 sys/kern/subr_prf.c:198
__assert(ffffffff83504321,ffffffff835127f6,3bf,ffffffff8353b5ad) at __assert+0x29 sys/kern/subr_prf.c:-1
refcnt_finalize(ffff80003c3d8c58,ffffffff834c027d) at refcnt_finalize+0x1e7 sys/kern/kern_synch.c:960
pppx_if_destroy(285b9c,ffff80003c3d8c50) at pppx_if_destroy+0x3d sys/net/if_pppx.c:794
pppxclose(285b9c,1,2000,ffff80002a2dd788) at pppxclose+0xa0 sys/net/if_pppx.c:541
spec_close(ffff80002a364b50) at spec_close+0x417 sys/kern/spec_vnops.c:-1
VOP_CLOSE(fffffa80715bae98,1,fffffa80097fd3a8,ffff80002a2dd788) at VOP_CLOSE+0x132 sys/kern/vfs_vops.c:156
vn_closefile(fffffa806cf25670,ffff80002a2dd788) at vn_closefile+0x12b vn_close sys/kern/vfs_vnops.c:298 [inline]
vn_closefile(fffffa806cf25670,ffff80002a2dd788) at vn_closefile+0x12b sys/kern/vfs_vnops.c:621
fdrop(fffffa806cf25670,ffff80002a2dd788) at fdrop+0x121 sys/kern/kern_descrip.c:1281
closef(fffffa806cf25670,ffff80002a2dd788) at closef+0x192 sys/kern/kern_descrip.c:1265
sys_closefrom(ffff80002a2dd788,ffff80002a364e20,ffff80002a364d70) at sys_closefrom+0x13c sys/kern/kern_descrip.c:1471
syscall(ffff80002a364e20) at syscall+0xbd4 mi_syscall sys/sys/syscall_mi.h:176 [inline]
syscall(ffff80002a364e20) at syscall+0xbd4 sys/arch/amd64/amd64/trap.c:791
Xsyscall() at Xsyscall+0x128
end of kernel
end trace frame: 0xcf0ef9e170, count: -14

Crashes (1307):
Time Kernel Commit Syzkaller Config Log Report Syz repro C repro VM info Assets (help?) Manager Title
2026/09/27 18:23 openbsd 95b535d85a6b a3c7249d .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/09/27 06:33 openbsd 859e3e974994 a3c7249d .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/09/26 17:57 openbsd 3d80b15b1ec6 a3c7249d .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-main assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/09/26 11:46 openbsd f1a759f91a27 a3c7249d .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/09/26 09:10 openbsd 504787fefdf8 a3c7249d .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-main assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/09/25 23:02 openbsd f1a759f91a27 0a1606bc .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/09/25 16:34 openbsd ce213f6ad10d 0a1606bc .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-main assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/09/24 02:29 openbsd 0598464a2e5e 0a1606bc .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/09/20 23:30 openbsd d42776463e37 853b104b .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/09/20 19:31 openbsd d42776463e37 853b104b .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/09/20 11:42 openbsd 5726aee1b375 853b104b .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/09/20 07:47 openbsd 5726aee1b375 853b104b .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/09/18 02:01 openbsd 8a942bf3b779 8d7d05f1 .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/09/17 19:36 openbsd 049788121873 4a607247 .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/09/17 01:55 openbsd 9fbe383afb1a 95928915 .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/09/16 17:24 openbsd b73801564d04 b0e4c57e .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/09/16 13:04 openbsd b73801564d04 b0e4c57e .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/09/13 10:18 openbsd efac3ca090c3 70a60e12 .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/09/10 14:20 openbsd 4385dd3101c1 1fe56c0a .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/09/08 23:12 openbsd 9a9bc0a9ffee 8387c273 .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/09/08 00:04 openbsd 37bc4758b7e7 680aa3e1 .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/09/07 22:50 openbsd 37bc4758b7e7 680aa3e1 .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/09/07 22:47 openbsd 37bc4758b7e7 680aa3e1 .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/09/07 12:30 openbsd f09199d296d1 5e4626f5 .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/09/07 10:39 openbsd f09199d296d1 5e4626f5 .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-main assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/09/07 09:28 openbsd f09199d296d1 4f7b22a0 .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/09/07 08:00 openbsd f09199d296d1 4f7b22a0 .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/09/07 04:23 openbsd 2a9cffaa8bc0 4f7b22a0 .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/09/06 06:08 openbsd 9bba88810ddf 4f7b22a0 .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/09/06 00:02 openbsd 7f2ed87ffadf 4f7b22a0 .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/09/03 17:05 openbsd b6c1a7530e98 d2e5fb95 .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/08/29 14:27 openbsd 2c3a37e498aa 2f52988a .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-main assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/08/27 15:27 openbsd eaf6a50527ed c53a1b9c .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-main assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/08/24 07:13 openbsd cf84231e2650 1e72964b .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/08/23 13:53 openbsd 69b59cbe79d8 1e72964b .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-main assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/08/22 15:31 openbsd 94b8f25de2d2 1e72964b .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/08/22 03:25 openbsd d8ab52b87c98 1e72964b .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/08/20 18:54 openbsd 66ffe5599e58 1e72964b .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/08/19 15:31 openbsd b71086f46363 1e72964b .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/08/15 18:28 openbsd b903a0834f41 746171ee .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-main assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/08/13 13:22 openbsd b8ee6bbd8ccb 4d118901 .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-main assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/08/12 02:11 openbsd a47f863e5cb3 f8d35649 .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-main assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/08/11 20:15 openbsd 99858244924d 557a89d3 .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/08/11 16:36 openbsd 99858244924d 557a89d3 .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/08/10 22:29 openbsd b56428e2942e 508909ea .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/08/10 14:34 openbsd 422ca638c1d6 558388e4 .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2026/07/31 02:17 openbsd aa7f4357c308 0a1bc234 .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-multicore assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
2025/02/08 12:25 openbsd 2347e6edcd5e ef44b750 .config console log report [disk image] [bsd.gdb] [kernel image] ci-openbsd-main assert "refs != ~NUM" failed in kern_synch.c
* Struck through repros no longer work on HEAD.