syzbot


Title Repro Cause bisect Fix bisect Count Last Reported Patched Closed Patch
assert "nlevel >= IPL_NONE" failed in intr.c (2) 122 33d 291d 3/3 33d a921796a245d make sure bpfsdetach is holding a bpf_d ref when invalidating stuff.
pool: double put: shmpl 12 46d 120d 3/3 46d 4a445d448ac2 Prevent a double free by unlinking the descriptor before unmaping & freeing it.
panic: kernel diagnostic assertion "uvm_page_owner_locked_p(pg) 70 60d 63d 3/3 49d 0535051c104d Check if the mapping for an vm_map_entry exists while holding its lock.
panic: free: size too large NUM > NUM (ADDR) type sysctl 1 89d 89d 3/3 87d dd2b8016139a Fix sleeping race during malloc in sysctl hw.disknames.
assert "to_ticks >= NUM" failed in kern_timeout.c 1 145d 145d 3/3 137d 2293e68203ec restrict the maximum wait time you can set via BIOCSWTIMEOUT to 5 minutes.
multicore boot error: uvm_fault (2) 12 364d 364d 3/3 161d ef9354f58d69 sync
panic: lock (rwlock) solock not locked C 33 839d 840d 3/3 164d ef9354f58d69 sync
witness: reversal: lock order data missing (3) 8192 164d 1012d 3/3 164d ef9354f58d69 sync
panic: vmxon failed syz 3 253d 258d 3/3 252d ddfb6951b469 vmm: protect vmm activation with the vmm_softc rwlock.
uvm_fault: igmp_leavegroup (5) C 12 254d 255d 3/3 254d 4733ced31b52 Prevent changing interface loopback flag from userland.
panic: unix: lock not held C 2 266d 266d 3/3 260d e679c1f37540 Allow listen(2) only on sockets of type SOCK_STREAM or SOCK_SEQPACKET. listen(2) man(1) page clearly prohibits sockets of other types.
panic: rw_enter: unix locking against myself C 2 283d 283d 3/3 278d d1ea0a7c7de9 Do UNP_CONNECTING and UNP_BINDING flags check in uipc_listen() and return EINVAL if set. This prevents concurrent solisten() thread to make this socket listening while socket is unlocked.
panic: malformed IPv4 option passed to ip_optcopy (3) syz 40 291d 292d 3/3 291d c8a0ef6cb991 Validate IPv4 packet options in divert output.
assert "to->to_kclock == KCLOCK_UPTIME" failed in kern_timeout.c (3) 1 314d 314d 3/3 301d 0a34672fd384 timeout: make to_kclock validation more rigorous
kqueue: knote !ACTIVE (3) 1 321d 321d 3/3 319d d618cc99d763 Invert broken check of panic string in if_linkstate().
assert "sin6tosa(&ro->ro_dst)->sa_family == AF_INET6" failed in in6_src.c C 218 323d 325d 3/3 323d 4a2c3c9ecbcf In in_pcbrtentry() add missing return of in6_pcbrtentry() value.
uvm_fault: refcnt_take 1 338d 338d 3/3 337d 470ec98d6191 Backout priterator() for walking allprocess list.
protection_fault: fill_file (3) 1 347d 347d 3/3 341d d221342b6cd4 Introduce priterator(), the `ps_list' iterator. Some of `allprocess' list walkthroughs have context switch within, so make exit1() wait until the last reference released.
witness: reversal: solock pf_lock 2 345d 352d 3/3 344d 66bd633ef3ce Use domain name for socket lock.
witness: reversal: pf_lock solock syz 23 345d 352d 3/3 344d 66bd633ef3ce Use domain name for socket lock.
assert "dtlookup(unit) == NULL" failed in dt_dev.c (3) 1 355d 355d 3/3 353d c57c5c683707 Prevent simultaneous dt(4) open.
assert "__mp_lock_held(&sched_lock, curcpu()) == NUM" failed in kern_lock.c (4) 1 369d 369d 3/3 368d 540e94b5c59a soreceive() must not hold mutex when calling sblock().
panic: assertwaitok: non-zero mutex count: NUM C 10 368d 369d 3/3 368d 540e94b5c59a soreceive() must not hold mutex when calling sblock().
uvm_fault: rtrequest (2) C 15 404d 404d 3/3 404d a08e228de7c0 Fix rt_setgate() error handling.
assert "!_kernel_lock_held()" failed in kern_fork.c (3) 107 418d 1068d 3/3 418d 6d6c8141fa4d Adjust KERNEL_ASSERT_UNLOCKED() to not assert during a panic.
assert "!_kernel_lock_held()" failed in uvm_map.c (2) 13 453d 670d 3/3 418d 6d6c8141fa4d Adjust KERNEL_ASSERT_UNLOCKED() to not assert during a panic.
assert "((len + sizeof(long) - NUM) &~ (sizeof(long) - NUM)) <= M_SIZE(m)" failed in uipc_mbuf.c C 2 431d 431d 3/3 428d 7b4d35e0a60b Avoid assertion failure when splitting mbuf cluster.
multicore boot error: witness: lock_object uninitialized: ADDR 108 440d 443d 3/3 440d 33aa5105d87e Revert commitid: KtmyJEoS0WWxmlZ5 --- Protect interface queues with read once and mutex.
assert "p->p_stat == SONPROC || p->p_stat == SSLEEP || p->p_stat == SSTOP" failed in kern_synch.c syz 10 462d 491d 3/3 459d de92f022b000 Before coredump or in pledge_fail use SINGLE_UNWIND to stop all threads.
assert "type != NULL" failed in subr_witness.c syz 1 474d 474d 3/3 465d ed07db5bc17e Revert commitid: yfAefyNWibUyjkU2, ESyyH5EKxtrXGkS6 and itscfpFvJLOj8mHB;
assert "nlevel >= IPL_NONE" failed in intr.c C 259 465d 474d 3/3 465d ed07db5bc17e Revert commitid: yfAefyNWibUyjkU2, ESyyH5EKxtrXGkS6 and itscfpFvJLOj8mHB;
witness: reversal: &sched_lock &pr->ps_mtx syz 170 468d 470d 3/3 468d 4ab8b759f72e Fix SCHED_LOCK() leak in single_thread_set()
kernel: integer divide fault trap, code=NUM (4) C 6 553d 609d 3/3 547d 6d14abdcc245 Avoid division by 0 in m_pool_used
panic: rw_enter: rtlck locking against myself 5 694d 694d 3/3 693d aa5e72b7343d Revert the `rt_lock' rwlock(9) diff to fix the recursive rwlock(9) acquisition.
panic: acquiring blockable sleep lock with spinlock or critical section held (kernel_lock) &kernel_lock (7) syz 9 721d 737d 3/3 709d 9cf4e548dcbe Use solock() instead solock_shared() within sys_getsockopt(). Otherwise we acquiring kernel lock with mutex(9) held. This partially reverts rev 1.205 of sys/kern/uipc_syscalls.c. Shared solock() is still fine for getsockname(2) and getpeername(2).
pool: free list modified: semapl syz 2 867d 867d 3/3 815d 5bf1588a93fe Fix memory corruptions with sysv semaphores due to sleeps in copyin, copyout and malloc. During a sleep another thread could delete the semaphore (and possibly allocate another one at the same location with different permissions) which would lead to an invalid access after wake up. Therefore check the semaphore pointer, the sequence, the permissions and some values in seminfo after each sleep. OK bluhm@ Reported-by: syzbot+60ba811fe2e8a6b0f975@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
panic: solock: lock not held C 19 839d 839d 3/3 839d 536333f5835e Use pru_send function to check socket splicing compatibility. Only checking socket type is not sufficient as it could splice together unix and inet sockets resulting in crashes. As splicing is about sending, the same send function looks like a good criteria. Reported-by: syzbot+fc6901d63d858d5dd00a@syzkaller.appspotmail.com Reported-by: syzbot+0e026f1bf8b259c6395e@syzkaller.appspotmail.com OK gnezdo@
assert "uvn->u_obj.uo_refs == NUM" failed in uvm_vnode.c syz 8 855d 906d 3/3 843d ce1ab8dd6b18 Lock vmobjlock then check u_flags & UVM_VNODE_VALID in uvn_attach
kernel: integer divide fault trap, code=NUM (3) C 157 844d 866d 3/3 844d b18f9d9c6b70 Syzkaller found a missing input validation in pipex mppe keylenbits. Reported-by: syzbot+2eca95b271d07ab91b43@syzkaller.appspotmail.com tested yasuoka@; OK mvs@ yasuoka@
panic: tcp_output C 762 845d 846d 3/3 845d 355f588a8749 Sendmsg could crash in tcp_output due to a missing check after the introduction of tcp_send. OK mvs@, bluhm@, gnezdo@ Reported-by: syzbot+e859fd353c90eeac26f8@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
no output from test machine (7) C 124310 872d 1495d 3/3 872d fa90ac5c787b Add a pool for the allocation of the pf_anchor struct. It was possible to exhaust kernel memory by repeatedly calling pfioctl DIOCXBEGIN with different anchor names. OK bluhm@ Reported-by: syzbot+9dd98cbce69e26f0fc11@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
witness: userret: sendmsg C 28 903d 903d 3/3 903d 635da3731041 Unlock peer in the SOCK_STREAM and SOCK_SEQPACKET error path.
assert "__mp_lock_held(&sched_lock, curcpu()) == NUM" failed in kern_lock.c C 860 906d 1017d 3/3 906d 1690b19512cc Move the deep check back into the loop. There are ways that even though we're deep the code will SSTOP and sleep and then on wakeup we need to recheck the deep conditions. Issue analyzed and OK by mpi@
pool: free list modified: fdescpl (2) C 6 914d 959d 3/3 908d dc399801d5c5 kqueue: Clear task when closing kqueue
protection_fault: pf_anchor_global_RB_REMOVE 73 947d 1034d 3/3 909d 30d709c8a85c Allow waiting during ktable allocation in pf_ioctl.
uvm_fault: pf_anchor_global_RB_INSERT_COLOR (2) 1 910d 910d 3/3 909d 30d709c8a85c Allow waiting during ktable allocation in pf_ioctl.
assert "TAILQ_EMPTY(&lock->lf_blkhd)" failed in vfs_lockf.c (2) C 2 939d 939d 3/3 933d ee8a225221fd Fix ambiguity with lock range end
panic: m_copydata: null mbuf (2) syz 2 946d 946d 3/3 943d 0271abd8e494 In pf the kernel paniced if IP options in packet within ICMP payload were truncated. Drop such packets instead. Reported-by: syzbot+91abd3aa2fdfe900f9ce@syzkaller.appspotmail.com OK sashan@ claudio@
multicore build error (15) 6 961d 961d 3/3 961d ba537df4ec28 Using mutex initializer for static variable does not compile with witness. Make ratecheck mutex global. Reported-by: syzbot+9864ba1338526d0e8aca@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
witness: reversal: pf_lock netlock (3) syz 25 967d 979d 3/3 967d f3a753b5d089 Release PF und NET lock before calling copyout for DIOCIGETIFACES. OK sashan@ Reported-by: syzbot+b6afd166e314799e3809@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
protection_fault: lf_advlock C 2 1015d 1059d 3/3 968d c30ab30fe47b Remove the lock if an identical overlapping one is already present. Preventing a use after free discovered by syzkaller.
protection_fault: lf_findoverlap C 2 982d 1014d 3/3 968d c30ab30fe47b Remove the lock if an identical overlapping one is already present. Preventing a use after free discovered by syzkaller.
assert "TAILQ_EMPTY(&lock->lf_blkhd)" failed in vfs_lockf.c 1 982d 982d 3/3 968d c30ab30fe47b Remove the lock if an identical overlapping one is already present. Preventing a use after free discovered by syzkaller.
protection_fault: lf_clearlock C 1 984d 984d 3/3 968d c30ab30fe47b Remove the lock if an identical overlapping one is already present. Preventing a use after free discovered by syzkaller.
witness: reversal: pf_lock netlock (2) C 2 988d 988d 3/3 986d 2e34be423f16 Release PF und NET lock before calling copyin for DIOCXROLLBACK. OK bluhm@ Reported-by: syzbot+2945769fc3e6fd9ee413@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
witness: reversal: pf_lock netlock C 19 999d 1051d 3/3 988d 82d8999861ab Release PF und NET lock before calling copyin and copyout for DIOCXBEGIN. OK bluhm@ OK sashan@ Reported-by: syzbot+b22ec16c5bf937578937@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
assert "next != NULL && next->start <= entry->end" failed in uvm_fault.c (4) C 9 992d 1006d 3/3 992d f77c87828076 Replace KASSERT in uvm_fault_unwire_locked() with code that handles the case where not all pages are wired. The KASSERT can be triggered in multi-threaded applications when a thread calling munmap(2) races another thread that invokes sysctl(2). Properly written code shouldn't do this, but making the kernel crash in this case is a bit harsh.
openbsd build error (17) 2 999d 999d 3/3 999d Put call to vmx_remote_vmclear() under #ifdef MULTIPROCESSOR to unbreak build of amd64 GENERIC
uvm_fault: igmp_leavegroup (3) 37 999d 1091d 3/3 999d a134c703e536 if_detach() does if_remove(ifp); NET_LOCK(); rti_delete(). New igmp groups may join while sleeping in interface destruction. In this case if_get() in igmp_joingroup() fails and rti_fill() is not called. Then inm->inm_rti may be NULL. This is the condition when syzkaller crashes in igmp_leavegroup(). Pass the ifp the current CPU is already holding down to igmp_joingroup() and igmp_leavegroup() to avoid half constructed igmp groups. Calling if_get() in caller and callee makes no sense anyway. Reported-by: syzbot+146823a676b7bea83649@syzkaller.appspotmail.com OK denis@
openbsd boot error: uvm_fault 9 1003d 1004d 3/3 1003d 475618162a2c Revert previous. Breaks probing native IDE devices.
multicore boot error: uvm_fault 21 1003d 1004d 3/3 1003d 475618162a2c Revert previous. Breaks probing native IDE devices.
panic:p a anciqc:uikerrinngel dbialgocnkoastbliec a s s e r t i o n "! _k er neslle_lepo lcokc_khe l dw ( )i 1 1005d 1005d 3/3 1003d d25fea59a0de For raw IP packets rip_input() traverses the loop of all PCBs. From there it calls sbappendaddr() while holding the raw table mutex. This ends in sorwakeup() where we finally grab the kernel lock while holding a mutex. Witness detects this misuse. Use the same solution as for PCB notify. Collect the affected PCBs in a temporary list. The list is protected by exclusive net lock. syzbot+ebe3f03a472fecf5e42e@syzkaller.appspotmail.com OK claudio@
panic: acquiring blockable sleep lock with spinlock or critical section held (kernel_lock) &kernel_lock (6) C 80 1004d 1005d 3/3 1003d 2be5be2c1f9e For raw IPv6 packets rip6_input() traverses the loop of all PCBs. From there it calls sbappendaddr() while holding the raw6 table mutex. This ends in sorwakeup() where we finally grab the kernel lock while holding a mutex. Witness detects this misuse. Use the same solution as for PCB notify. Collect the affected PCBs in a temporary list. The list is protected by exclusive net lock. Reported-by: syzbot+5b2679ee9be0895d26f9@syzkaller.appspotmail.com OK claudio@
panic: apcaqnuiicr:in g b l o kckearbnelle d isalgeneops t ic a s s leorctkio n " w!_iktehr nselp_inlolocckk_ 1 1005d 1005d 3/3 1003d d25fea59a0de For raw IP packets rip_input() traverses the loop of all PCBs. From there it calls sbappendaddr() while holding the raw table mutex. This ends in sorwakeup() where we finally grab the kernel lock while holding a mutex. Witness detects this misuse. Use the same solution as for PCB notify. Collect the affected PCBs in a temporary list. The list is protected by exclusive net lock. syzbot+ebe3f03a472fecf5e42e@syzkaller.appspotmail.com OK claudio@
panic: acquiring blockable sleep lock with spinlock or critical section held (pkanerinc:e l _l o c kke)r &nkeerl ndiea 1 1005d 1005d 3/3 1003d d25fea59a0de For raw IP packets rip_input() traverses the loop of all PCBs. From there it calls sbappendaddr() while holding the raw table mutex. This ends in sorwakeup() where we finally grab the kernel lock while holding a mutex. Witness detects this misuse. Use the same solution as for PCB notify. Collect the affected PCBs in a temporary list. The list is protected by exclusive net lock. syzbot+ebe3f03a472fecf5e42e@syzkaller.appspotmail.com OK claudio@
panic: apcaquniirci: ng bkloerckneabll de i a g n o st ic a s s er ti o n " ! _ ke r n e l_ l oc k _ h sel 1 1004d 1004d 3/3 1003d 2be5be2c1f9e For raw IPv6 packets rip6_input() traverses the loop of all PCBs. From there it calls sbappendaddr() while holding the raw6 table mutex. This ends in sorwakeup() where we finally grab the kernel lock while holding a mutex. Witness detects this misuse. Use the same solution as for PCB notify. Collect the affected PCBs in a temporary list. The list is protected by exclusive net lock. Reported-by: syzbot+5b2679ee9be0895d26f9@syzkaller.appspotmail.com OK claudio@
panic: acquiring blockable sleep lock with spinlock or critical section held (kernelp_alonicck): &kkerernnelel d_ilao 1 1005d 1005d 3/3 1003d d25fea59a0de For raw IP packets rip_input() traverses the loop of all PCBs. From there it calls sbappendaddr() while holding the raw table mutex. This ends in sorwakeup() where we finally grab the kernel lock while holding a mutex. Witness detects this misuse. Use the same solution as for PCB notify. Collect the affected PCBs in a temporary list. The list is protected by exclusive net lock. syzbot+ebe3f03a472fecf5e42e@syzkaller.appspotmail.com OK claudio@
panic: acquiring blockable sleep lock with spinlock or critical section held (kernel_lock) &kernel_lock (5) C 104 1005d never 3/3 1005d d25fea59a0de For raw IP packets rip_input() traverses the loop of all PCBs. From there it calls sbappendaddr() while holding the raw table mutex. This ends in sorwakeup() where we finally grab the kernel lock while holding a mutex. Witness detects this misuse. Use the same solution as for PCB notify. Collect the affected PCBs in a temporary list. The list is protected by exclusive net lock. syzbot+ebe3f03a472fecf5e42e@syzkaller.appspotmail.com OK claudio@
panic: acquiring blockable sleep lock with spinlock or critical section held (kernel_lock) &kernel_lock (4) C 249 1005d 1006d 3/3 1005d 63abc0ec39b5 For multicast and broadcast packets udp_input() traverses the loop of all UDP PCBs. From there it calls udp_sbappend() while holding the UDP table mutex. This ends in sorwakeup() where we finally grab the kernel lock while holding a mutex. Witness detects this misuse. Use the same solution as for PCB notify. Collect the affected PCBs in a temporary list. The list is protected by exclusive net lock. Reported-by: syzbot+7596cb96fb9f3c9d6f4f@syzkaller.appspotmail.com OK sashan@
witness: reversal: vmmaplk fdlock syz 22 1015d 1015d 3/3 1012d 447db83cf4f0 Revert holding a read lock on the map while copying out data during sysctl(2).
witness: exclusive lock of (rwlock) vmmaplk while share locked C 9 1015d 1015d 3/3 1012d 447db83cf4f0 Revert holding a read lock on the map while copying out data during sysctl(2).
witness: reversal: netlock vmmaplk C 166 1015d 1015d 3/3 1012d 447db83cf4f0 Revert holding a read lock on the map while copying out data during sysctl(2).
panic: kmmaplk: lock not shared C 15 1015d 1016d 3/3 1015d 447db83cf4f0 Revert holding a read lock on the map while copying out data during sysctl(2).
assert "next != NULL && next->start <= entry->end" failed in uvm_fault.c (3) syz 11 1016d 1031d 3/3 1015d 5f69141a284a Hold a read lock on the map while copying out data during a sysctl(2) call to prevent another thread from unmapping the memory and triggering an assertion or even corrupting random physical memory pages.
uvm_fault: socreate C 106 1029d 1030d 3/3 1029d 532245610f13 Reported-by: syzbot+1b5b209ce506db4d411d@syzkaller.appspotmail.com Revert the pr_usrreqs move: syzkaller found a NULL pointer deref and I won't be available to monitor for followup issues for a bit
assert "sc->sc_dev == NUM" failed in if_tun.c (2) 1 1036d 1036d 3/3 1029d 1c9104c31d3f have another go at fixing assert "sc->sc_dev == NUM" failed.
assert "m->m_pkthdr.pf.prio <= IFQ_MAXPRIO" failed in ifq.c syz 2 1045d 1045d 3/3 1039d 2960c8affbaf check pf rule "set prio" values consistently.
assert "sc->sc_dev == NUM" failed in if_tun.c 24 1040d 1073d 3/3 1039d 156bbf72d5e4 prevent (re)opening of tun/tap interfaces that are being destroyed.
assert "len >= NUM && !M_READONLY(m)" failed in uipc_mbuf.c syz 153 1041d 1050d 3/3 1041d 4be097b86868 The length value in bpf_movein() is casted to from size_t to u_int and then rounded before checking. Put the same check before the calculations to avoid overflow. Reported-by: syzbot+6f29d23eca959c5a9705@syzkaller.appspotmail.com OK claudio@
kernel: integer divide fault trap, code=NUM (2) C 8 1047d 1050d 3/3 1045d 43496f5abc1b let pfattach() to also initialize pf_default_rule_new to avoid div-by-zero in pf_purge()
panic: unhandled af (4) syz 11 1064d 1093d 3/3 1061d 035d4f5430cb An af-to pf rule must have an address family naf to use after translation. Make stricter sanity checks in pf ioctl to avoid later crashes during packet processing. Reported-by: syzbot+0ef9190e7d0195496d0d@syzkaller.appspotmail.com OK sashan@
uvm_fault: x86_ipi_db (7) 4 1087d 1087d 3/3 1087d 7945134bbda7 Use a distinct variable while iterating the list of existing devices.
uvm_fault: pppacopen C 92 1087d 1087d 3/3 1087d 7945134bbda7 Use a distinct variable while iterating the list of existing devices.
assert "TAILQ_EMPTY(&ifp->if_addrhooks)" failed in if.c (2) 1 1089d 1089d 3/3 1087d 188a0a692db5 Prevent concurrent access to incomplete or dying `sc' caused by sleep points in pppacopen() and pppacclose() paths. Use the same "sc_ready" logic we use for 'pppx_if' structure.
panic: free: size too small NUM <= NUM / NUM (ADDR) type devbuf 1 1090d 1090d 3/3 1087d 61c8c0f0fd3e Prevent a double free by assigning the new keymap and corresponding size after the allocation and initialization is done. Otherwise, a race is possible if malloc ends up sleeping.
SYZFAIL: ioctl remote attach failed (3) 13 1088d 1093d 3/3 1088d 982627fcf222 Do not allow send/receive of kcov descriptors as the file descriptor can be kept alive longer than expected causing syzkaller to no longer being able to enable remote coverage.
assert "(rule != NULL) && (rule->ruleset != NULL)" failed in pf_ioctl.c C 7 1091d 1634d 3/3 1091d 5a50f165b8ad DIOCHANGERRULE ioctl must set pointer to ruleset in rule it inserts.
witness: userret: ioctl (3) syz 2 1095d 1095d 3/3 1094d 41a45098bac2 Disk lock was held when returning to userland. Add a missing unlock in vnd ioctl error path. Reported-by: syzbot+6dde3fda33074a256318@syzkaller.appspotmail.com OK jsg@ anton@
uvm_fault: sysctl_diskinit 1 1101d 1101d 3/3 1094d 278923c07fda While malloc sleeps, the disk list could change during sysctl. Then allocated memory could be too short for the list of disks. Retry allocating enough space until it did not change. The disk list and duid memory are protected by kernel lock. Use asserts to mark this explicitly. Reported-by: syzbot+807423f6868bbfb836bc@syzkaller.appspotmail.com OK anton@ mpi@
uvm_fault: pfsync_state_import C 10 1582d 1652d 3/3 1095d d13e571b26fd Remove ptr_array from struct pf_ruleset
panic: uvm_fault_unwire_locked: address not in map (3) 1 1098d 1098d 3/3 1096d 65315d4d4359 Fix a typo in mlock(2) error path triggering a double-free.
panic: vndioctl: null vp C 3 1101d 1102d 3/3 1096d 4d2db379fd33 Ensure that the disk has been initialized after acquiring the lock and not before as we might end up sleeping while acquiring the lock, introducing a potential race.
panic: malloc: allocation too large, type = NUM, size = ADDR C 3 1102d 1103d 3/3 1096d 0b7f5aec6317 Let malloc return an error as opposed of panicking when sysctl kern.shminfo.shmseg is set to something ridiculously large.
openbsd build error (15) 37 1097d 1159d 3/3 1096d revert vnode: remove VLOCKSWORK and check locking when vop_islocked != nullop (both kernel and userland bits)
assert "suser(curproc) == NUM" failed in dt_dev.c C 7 1097d 1097d 3/3 1097d cf997a482905 Remove useless suser assert from dt(4). The ioctl(2) path checks the user anyway and close(2) may crash after setuid(2). Reported-by: syzbot+90e094f33d329fb2c3ab@syzkaller.appspotmail.com OK deraadt@
uvm_fault: uvm_fault_lower C 583 1097d 1101d 3/3 1097d f08b8e936de9 Do not try to unlock a NULL object.
kernel: integer divide fault trap, code=NUM syz 2 1110d 1110d 3/3 1101d 38bfd041cb0f fix zero division found by syzkaller. The sanity checks in pf(4) ioctls are not powerful enough to detect invalid port ranges (or even invalid rules). syzkaller does not use pfctl(8), it uses ioctl(2) to pass some random chunk of memory as a rule to pf(4). Fix adds explicit check for 0 divider to pf_get_transaddr(). It should make syzkaller happy without disturbing anyone else.
uvm_fault: igmp_leavegroup (2) 1 1105d 1105d 3/3 1101d 5af2eee02794 Syzkaller found a dereference in igmp_leavegroup() where inm->inm_rti is NULL. It should be set in rti_fill(), but is not if malloc(9) fails. There is no rollback after malloc failure so the field stays uninitialized. The code is only called from ioctl, setsockopt or a task. Malloc should wait instead of failing, otherwise syscalls would be unreliable. While there also put an M_WAIT in the init code. During init malloc must not fail. OK mvs@ Reported-by: syzbot+e22326057ccf34908d78@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
uvm_fault: nd6_dad_duplicated (2) 76 1104d 1110d 3/3 1104d ce9bd2eccc20 nd6_dad_ns_input() could trigger a NULL deref in nd6_dad_duplicated(). It checks dp in two of three places. One check got lost in revision 1.83. Do a dp == NULL once at the beginning. OK jsg@ Reported-by: syzbot+88c0ce914a0b10b7e1c8@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
witness: userret: ioctl (2) 1 1110d 1110d 3/3 1110d aa5628258068 Add missing kernel unlock in error path.
panic: rw_enter: dklk locking against myself C 6 1172d 1200d 3/3 1168d placing the same vnd underneath a vnd (with VNDIOCSET) is a lock violation, but other circumstances are also bad, so let's block all vnd on top of vnd. While here, fix some toctou multiple-copyin of the path, and restructure the ioctl defer all softc updates to the end. ok mpi
multicore test error: timed out (2) 66 1182d 1184d 3/3 1182d 11ad9ee57f54 regen
openbsd build error (14) 2 1184d 1184d 3/3 1182d 11ad9ee57f54 regen
openbsd test error: timed out (2) 33 1182d 1184d 3/3 1182d 11ad9ee57f54 regen
multicore build error (13) 3 1184d 1184d 3/3 1182d 11ad9ee57f54 regen
assert "_kernel_lock_held()" failed in uvm_vnode.c 4 1208d 1208d 3/3 1201d 8e114673a836 vmm(4): grab kernel lock before vmspace init
panic: acquiring blockable sleep lock with spinlock or critical section held (kernel_lock) &kernel_lock (3) C 2 1203d 1206d 3/3 1201d 8e114673a836 vmm(4): grab kernel lock before vmspace init
assert "_kernel_lock_held()" failed in uvm_device.c 7 1206d 1208d 3/3 1201d 8e114673a836 vmm(4): grab kernel lock before vmspace init
uvm_fault: rtm_output C 14 1201d 1201d 3/3 1201d d2084f835172 Fix NULL pointer dereference introduced by previous commit.
panic: vcpulock: lock not held 1 1208d 1208d 3/3 1202d 5f3d69798ad5 vmm(4): fix vcpu locking issues reported by syzbot
panic: lock (rwlock) vcpulock not locked C 1 1207d 1207d 3/3 1202d 5f3d69798ad5 vmm(4): fix vcpu locking issues reported by syzbot
panic: rw_enter: vcpulock locking against myself 1 1206d 1206d 3/3 1202d 5f3d69798ad5 vmm(4): fix vcpu locking issues reported by syzbot
assert "_kernel_lock_held()" failed in uvm_map.c C 11 1206d 1208d 3/3 1205d 8e114673a836 vmm(4): grab kernel lock before vmspace init
panic: acquiring blockable sleep lock with spinlock or critical section held (kernel_lock) &kernel_lock (2) C 152 1207d 1928d 3/3 1207d 1be9dae600aa Prevent lock ordering issue by raising ipl level of vcpu_pool to IPL_MPFLOOR.
panic: mutex ADDR not held in knote_dequeue C 24 1289d 1290d 3/3 1289d baa47be05351 Remember to lock kqueue mutex in filt_timermodify().
witness: reversal: lock order data missing C 667 1318d 1388d 3/3 1318d 8b594b45f4b5 Move ktrfds() below fdpunlock(). This fixes lock order issue between vn_lock(9) and fdplock().
panic: acquiring blockable sleep lock with spinlock or critical section held (rwlock) solock C 4 1335d 1335d 3/3 1334d Revert per-socket `so_lock' rwlock(9) and use it to protect routing (PF_ROUTE) sockets. There is a locking issue with timeouts that needs to be fixed. Requested by deraadt@
SYZFAIL: tun: can't open device syz 4 1388d 1388d 3/3 1382d 43dfcaac64e4 Issuing FIOSETOWN and TIOCSPGRP ioctl commands on a tun(4) device leaks device references causing a hang while trying to remove the same interface since the reference count will never reach zero. Instead of returning, break out of the switch in order to ensure that tun_put() gets called.
assert "frag->fr_firstoff[index] != NULL" failed in pf_norm.c syz 4 1400d 1419d 3/3 1398d be7274bff2cd When cutting of the head of an overlapping fragment during pf reassembly, reinsert the fragment into the lookup table with correct index. Reported-by: syzbot+d043455a5346f726f1c4@syzkaller.appspotmail.com OK claudio@
kernel: protection fault trap, code=0 (8) syz 1348 1410d 1599d 3/3 1410d 44a45654aa78 Interface group names must fit into IFNAMSIZ and be unique. But the kernel made the unique check before trunkating with strlcpy(). So there could be two interface groups with the same name. The kif is created by a name lookup. The trunkated names are equal, so there was only one kif owned by both groups. When the groups got destroyed, the single kif was removed twice from the RB tree. Check length of group name before doing the unique check. The empty group name was allowed and is now invalid. Reported-by: syzbot+f47e8296ebd559f9bbff@syzkaller.appspotmail.com OK deraadt@ gnezdo@ anton@ mvs@ claudio@
panic: rw_enter: pf_state_lock locking against myself C 8 1411d 1411d 3/3 1410d d7220220b7ed pfsync_state_import() must not be called with the pf state lock held, since the actual modification of the state table is done by a call to pf_state_insert(), which takes the pf state lock itself. Other calls to pfsync_state_import() also only have the pf lock.
panic: vrele: v_writecount != 0 (2) C 1955 1416d 1416d 3/3 1416d df61468f8652 Revert previous commit. The vnode returned by ptm_vn_open() is open and can not simply be vrele()-ed on error. The code currently depends on closef() to do the cleanup.
assert "TAILQ_EMPTY(&kq->kq_head)" failed in kern_event.c C 2 1425d 1425d 3/3 1424d 715db9d67ba3 kqueue: Fix termination assert
uvm_fault: pf_addr_compare C 347 1430d 1431d 3/3 1430d c34fe1b3cf88 An invalid packet may not have set src and dst in packet descriptor. Add a NULL check to prevent crash in pflog(4) introduced in previous commit. Reported-by: syzbot+c6d2f2ad34b822bce98a@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
uvm_fault: m_copyback 69 1448d 1596d 3/3 1431d 2cbebc019f52 pflog(4) tried to log the translated packet with rdr-to, nat-to, and af-to addresses and ports applied. Therefore it created a mbuf chain on the stack with a partial copy. This is too complicated for IP options, extension header, NAT46 af-to, and fragmented mbuf chains. It even caused a crash in syzkaller. Usually the length checks in pf_setup_pdesc() rejected the faked mbuf and the goto copy logged the packet unmodified. Remove the pflog_mtap() function and call bpf_mtap_hdr() directly. As the old buggy code was bypassed in most cases, tcpdump(8) output of pflog does not change. Uncondionally log the unmodified packet. Reported-by: syzbot+947e89e06ac3fec187d0@syzkaller.appspotmail.com OK sashan@
kernel: double fault trap, code=0 (4) C 493 1455d 1712d 3/3 1442d c11d76984715 Syzkaller has found a stack overflow in socket splicing. Broadcast packets were resent through simplex broadcast delivery and socket splicing. Although there is an M_LOOP check in somove(9), it did not take effect. if_input_local() cleared the M_BCAST and M_MCAST flags with m_resethdr(). As if_input_local() is used for broadcast and multicast delivery, it was a mistake to delete them. Keep the M_BCAST and M_MCAST mbuf flags when packets are reinjected into the network stack. Reported-by: syzbot+a43ace363f1b663238f8@syzkaller.appspotmail.com OK anton@; discussed with claudio@
kernel: integer divide fault trap, code=0 syz 4 1629d 1657d 3/3 1465d 39c2a1337a94 Reject rules with invalid port ranges
openbsd test error: uvm_fault: spllower 6 1480d 1480d 3/3 1473d 3ba77c9295b2 Revert previous extension of the SCHED_LOCK(), the state isn't passed down.
multicore test error: uvm_fault: spllower 12 1480d 1480d 3/3 1473d 3ba77c9295b2 Revert previous extension of the SCHED_LOCK(), the state isn't passed down.
uvm_fault: wsevent_fini (3) C 2 1478d 1478d 3/3 1476d 996a5b4d63fa Fix yet another wscons race. In the same subsystem, the following properties must always hold true:
no output from test machine (6) C 2779 1495d 1517d 3/3 1495d 0124df67671a Fix handling of MSG_PEEK in soreceive() for the case where an empty mbuf is encountered in a seqpacket socket.
no output from test machine (5) C 49467 1517d 1614d 3/3 1517d d6d1940044d6 Fix a deadlock between uvn_io() and uvn_flush(). While faulting on a page backed by a vnode, uvn_io() will end up being called in order to populate newly allocated pages using I/O on the backing vnode. Before performing the I/O, newly allocated pages are flagged as busy by uvn_get(), that is before uvn_io() tries to lock the vnode. Such pages could then end up being flushed by uvn_flush() which already has acquired the vnode lock. Since such pages are flagged as busy, uvn_flush() will wait for them to be flagged as not busy. This will never happens as uvn_io() cannot make progress until the vnode lock is released.
witness: userret: ioctl C 3 1522d 1522d 3/3 1521d 610c242e11d3 - missing NET_UNLOCK() in pf_ioctl.c error path
panic: spl assertion failure in yield C 12 1649d 1667d 3/3 1522d - move NET_LOCK() further down in pf_ioctl.c. Also move memory allocations outside of NET_LOCK()/PF_LOCK() scope in easy spots.
openbsd build error (11) 44 1523d 1527d 3/3 1522d a524e041107f timeout(9): fix compilation under NKCOV
multicore build error (8) 88 1523d 1527d 3/3 1522d a524e041107f timeout(9): fix compilation under NKCOV
panic: malloc: allocation too large, type = 98, size = ADDR C 2 1539d 1539d 3/3 1538d Recent changes for PROT_NONE pages to not count against resource limits, failed to note this also guarded against heavy amap allocations in the MAP_SHARED case. Bring back the checks for MAP_SHARED from semarie, ok kettenis https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?extid=d80de26a8db6c009d060
openbsd build error (10) 3 1560d 1560d 3/3 1558d Unbreak tree. Instead of passing struct process to siginit() just pass the struct sigacts since that is the only thing that is modified by siginit.
multicore build error (7) 5 1560d 1561d 3/3 1558d Unbreak tree. Instead of passing struct process to siginit() just pass the struct sigacts since that is the only thing that is modified by siginit.
panic: syn_cache_insert: cacheoverflow: impossible (2) C 6 1595d 1641d 3/3 1573d 7c72bba2fa26 Convert tcp_sysctl to sysctl_bounded_args
assert "curproc->p_kd == NULL" failed in kcov.c (2) 1 1585d 1585d 3/3 1573d ece33e2f6ca2 Before clearing the kcov descriptor associated with a thread make sure no other thread is currently within a remote section. Otherwise, the remote subsystem could end up in a broken state where it doesn't reset the necessary bits upon leaving the remote section.
assert "curproc->p_kd == NULL" failed in kcov.c 2 1590d 1591d 3/3 1590d 2fa3abdda1a4 When detaching common remote coverage, do not clear any fields. Instead, let kr_free() do the work. Otherwise a thread currently inside a remote section could end up not decrementing the number of ongoing sections while exiting the same remote section.
uvm_fault: pfi_address_add syz 1359 1610d 1667d 3/3 1599d efa3c3dd644f Validate input given to ioctl(SIOCAIFADDR_IN6) like NetBSD already does. Fixes a bunch of panics reported by syzkaller.
pool: free list modified: phpool 1 1641d 1641d 3/3 1599d efa3c3dd644f Validate input given to ioctl(SIOCAIFADDR_IN6) like NetBSD already does. Fixes a bunch of panics reported by syzkaller.
panic: sbdrop syz 183 1601d 1901d 3/3 1599d efa3c3dd644f Validate input given to ioctl(SIOCAIFADDR_IN6) like NetBSD already does. Fixes a bunch of panics reported by syzkaller.
uvm_fault: soreceive syz 240 1610d 1875d 3/3 1599d efa3c3dd644f Validate input given to ioctl(SIOCAIFADDR_IN6) like NetBSD already does. Fixes a bunch of panics reported by syzkaller.
panic: ifa_update_broadaddr does not support dynamic length (2) 13 1604d 1754d 3/3 1599d efa3c3dd644f Validate input given to ioctl(SIOCAIFADDR_IN6) like NetBSD already does. Fixes a bunch of panics reported by syzkaller.
uvm_fault: in6ifa_ifpforlinklocal 1 1655d 1655d 3/3 1599d efa3c3dd644f Validate input given to ioctl(SIOCAIFADDR_IN6) like NetBSD already does. Fixes a bunch of panics reported by syzkaller.
uvm_fault: pool_do_put (2) syz 53 1611d 1854d 3/3 1599d efa3c3dd644f Validate input given to ioctl(SIOCAIFADDR_IN6) like NetBSD already does. Fixes a bunch of panics reported by syzkaller.
kernel: protection fault trap, code=0 (7) syz 774692 1599d 1843d 3/3 1599d efa3c3dd644f Validate input given to ioctl(SIOCAIFADDR_IN6) like NetBSD already does. Fixes a bunch of panics reported by syzkaller.
uvm_fault: in_delmulti syz 375431 1600d 1886d 3/3 1599d efa3c3dd644f Validate input given to ioctl(SIOCAIFADDR_IN6) like NetBSD already does. Fixes a bunch of panics reported by syzkaller.
panic: tcp_output: template len != hdrlen - optlen syz 487 1601d 1913d 3/3 1599d efa3c3dd644f Validate input given to ioctl(SIOCAIFADDR_IN6) like NetBSD already does. Fixes a bunch of panics reported by syzkaller.
soreceive 1a syz 510 1602d 1759d 3/3 1599d efa3c3dd644f Validate input given to ioctl(SIOCAIFADDR_IN6) like NetBSD already does. Fixes a bunch of panics reported by syzkaller.
uvm_fault (2) syz 1 1652d 1652d 3/3 1599d efa3c3dd644f Validate input given to ioctl(SIOCAIFADDR_IN6) like NetBSD already does. Fixes a bunch of panics reported by syzkaller.
pool: cpu free list modified: mbufpl syz 15863 1599d 1886d 3/3 1599d efa3c3dd644f Validate input given to ioctl(SIOCAIFADDR_IN6) like NetBSD already does. Fixes a bunch of panics reported by syzkaller.
pool: free list modified: art_heap4 (2) 4 1642d 1672d 3/3 1599d efa3c3dd644f Validate input given to ioctl(SIOCAIFADDR_IN6) like NetBSD already does. Fixes a bunch of panics reported by syzkaller.
soreceive 3 syz 755 1599d 1759d 3/3 1599d efa3c3dd644f Validate input given to ioctl(SIOCAIFADDR_IN6) like NetBSD already does. Fixes a bunch of panics reported by syzkaller.
uvm_fault: vio_rxeof syz 15700 1610d 1921d 3/3 1599d efa3c3dd644f Validate input given to ioctl(SIOCAIFADDR_IN6) like NetBSD already does. Fixes a bunch of panics reported by syzkaller.
uvm_fault: ifa_update_broadaddr 3275 1610d 1854d 3/3 1599d efa3c3dd644f Validate input given to ioctl(SIOCAIFADDR_IN6) like NetBSD already does. Fixes a bunch of panics reported by syzkaller.
multicore build error (6) 4 1605d 1618d 3/3 1602d Revert r1.170. dlg and jmatthew simultaneously fixed this the correct way.
openbsd build error (9) 1 1618d 1618d 3/3 1602d Revert r1.170. dlg and jmatthew simultaneously fixed this the correct way.
uvm_fault: wsevent_fini (2) 1 1626d 1626d 3/3 1605d 25f2901d1c23 Fix yet another panic in which wsevent_fini() ends up being called with NULL. This one is a race caused by clearing the me_evp member before calling routines that could end up sleeping.
no output from test machine (3) C 25293 1621d 1635d 3/3 1621d A pty write containing VDISCARD, VREPRINT, or various retyping cases of VERASE would perform (sometimes irrelevant) compute in the kernel which can be heavy (especially with our insufficient tty subsystem locking). Use tsleep_nsec for 1 tick in such circumstances to yield cpu, and also bring interruptability to ptcwrite() https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?extid=462539bc18fef8fc26cc ok kettenis millert, discussions with greg and anton
panic: unhandled af (2) C 22 1638d 1664d 3/3 1637d 38e8113e1d44 state import should accept AF_INET/AF_INET6 only
panic: syn_cache_insert: bucketoverflow: impossible C 5 1650d 1668d 3/3 1647d 2b10bfc1e665 Refuse to set 0 or a negative value for net.inet.tcp.synbucketlimit.
panic: syn_cache_insert: cacheoverflow: impossible 5 1647d 1666d 3/3 1647d 2b10bfc1e665 Refuse to set 0 or a negative value for net.inet.tcp.synbucketlimit.
no output from test machine C 551400 1688d 2263d 3/3 1688d 7bb4371dccb1 Do not wait indefinitely for flushing when closing a tty.
panic: m_copydata: null mbuf C 396 1692d 1879d 3/3 1690d 574b3a4fa98d Do sanity checks in ip6_pullexthdr() preventing a panic in m_copydata(9).
assert "!ISSET(rt->rt_flags, RTF_LOCAL)" failed in nd6.c 1 1755d 1755d 3/3 1704d 8e6c5245c1d8 Never update the ND entry (cache) corresponding to a RTF_LOCAL route.
uvm_fault: pfi_dynaddr_remove C 17 1813d 1817d 3/3 1706d 3d97bff14298 fix insufficient input sanitization in pf_rulecopyin() and pf_pool_copyin()
uvm_fault: pfr_detach_table C 12 1813d 1816d 3/3 1706d 3d97bff14298 fix insufficient input sanitization in pf_rulecopyin() and pf_pool_copyin()
openbsd build error (8) 2 1711d 1711d 3/3 1711d 20c8eb7cf336 Add bse(4) device to unbreak build.
multicore build error (5) 4 1711d 1711d 3/3 1711d 20c8eb7cf336 Add bse(4) device to unbreak build.
panic: rw_enter: netlock locking against myself syz 2 1717d 1717d 3/3 1714d 27427a72e313 In sosplice(), temporarily release the socket lock before calling FRELE() as the last reference could be dropped which in turn will cause soclose() to be called where the socket lock is unconditionally acquired. Note that this is only a problem for sockets protected by the non-recursive NET_LOCK() right now.
assert "p == curproc" failed in vfs_vops.c C 187 1726d 1727d 3/3 1723d fc5a743df3a9 Revert previous, syzkaller found a way to trigger the KASSERT().
uvm_fault: strlcpy (2) 1 1735d 1735d 3/3 1728d 9fcf6ed4d02d Prevent out of bounds read in strlcpy due to vcp_name not being NUL-terminated.
panic: vputonfreelist: lock count is not zero C 2 1758d 1759d 3/3 1730d 2a9890d8c8d9 Relax the lockcount assertion in vputonfreelist(). Back when I fixed several problems with the vnode exclusive lock implementation, I overlooked the fact that a vnode can be in a state where the usecount is zero while the holdcount still being positive. There could still be threads waiting on the vnode lock in uvn_io() as long as the holdcount is positive.
uvm_fault: wsevent_fini 1 1739d 1739d 3/3 1733d be78d62e13f6 Ensure that me_evp is still NULL before assignment during open of wscons devices. This condition is checked early on during open but since the same routine could end up sleeping before assigning me_evp, a race against adding the same wscons device to a wsmux could be lost. This in turn can cause a NULL deference during close.
kernel: double fault trap, code=0 (3) C 69 1745d 1754d 3/3 1745d aa1987fe7ce4 Fix unlimited recursion caused by local outbound bcast/mcast packet sent via spliced socket.
pool: free list modified: aobjpl C 3 1843d 1855d 3/3 1753d c5a231fb6c1e Grab a reference for the shared memory segment before calling uvm_map() as the same function could end up putting the thread to sleep. Allowing another thread to free the shared memory segment, which in turns causes a use-after-free.
openbsd boot error: uvm_fault: softclock 33 1754d 1755d 3/3 1754d previous commit accidentally aliased two unique timeouts hit by millert
multicore boot error: uvm_fault: softclock 66 1754d 1755d 3/3 1754d previous commit accidentally aliased two unique timeouts hit by millert
kqueue: knote !QUEUED syz 8 1769d 1805d 3/3 1769d 8c4786361ce1 Raise SPL when updating kn_status. Otherwise the field can become inconsistent if knote_acquire() or knote_release() is preempted by an interrupt that modifies the same knote.
panic: unhandled af C 21 1812d 1814d 3/3 1808d 4804479228fb Check address family of pf ioctl(2) DIOCNATLOOK parameter at kernel entry instead of calling panic() due to unhandled af. Reported-by: syzbot+92be143c2dd1746cf2af@syzkaller.appspotmail.com from Benjamin Baier
panic: attempt to execute user address syz 1539 1819d 1913d 3/3 1815d f30ff743e528 Fix some races in kqueue_register().
witness: reversal: vmmaplk inode C 103124 1830d 2157d 3/3 1830d Use separate rwlock initializations for userland ("vmspace") and kernel maps. This lets witness know that these really are different classes avoiding false positives when detecting lock order reversals.
kernel: protection fault trap, code=0 (6) C 55024 1843d 1928d 3/3 1843d 0f83bb56e561 Fix a bad offset calculation in uvm_share.
panic: uvm_mapent_clone: no space in map for entry in empty map C 12 1844d 1850d 3/3 1844d 0f83bb56e561 Fix a bad offset calculation in uvm_share.
panic: amap_pp_adjref: negative reference count C 98 1854d 1906d 3/3 1844d 0f83bb56e561 Fix a bad offset calculation in uvm_share.
uvm_fault: amap_pp_adjref 1 1906d 1906d 3/3 1844d 0f83bb56e561 Fix a bad offset calculation in uvm_share.
uvm_fault: uvm_unmap_remove (2) C 7836 1844d 1927d 3/3 1844d 3c82c0b2df98 Fix uvm_unmap_remove panic when tearing down VMs.
panic: uvmspace_fork: no space in map for entry in empty map C 450 1852d 1906d 3/3 1844d 0f83bb56e561 Fix a bad offset calculation in uvm_share.
assert "TAILQ_EMPTY(&ifp->if_addrhooks)" failed in if.c 2 1864d 1866d 3/3 1859d 9e254176dfa1 take care to avoid a race when creating the same interface.
panic: ifa_update_broadaddr does not support dynamic length syz 6780 1871d 1929d 3/3 1871d b36fd3da6fde Do propper kernel input validation for in_control() ioctl(2) SIOCGIFADDR, SIOCGIFNETMASK, SIOCGIFDSTADDR, SIOCGIFBRDADDR, SIOCSIFADDR, SIOCSIFNETMASK, SIOCSIFDSTADDR, and SIOCSIFBRDADDR. Name in_ioctl_set_ifaddr() consistently. Use in_sa2sin() to validate inet address. Combine if_addrlist loops and add comment. Although netmask is not a inet address, length must be valid. Reported-by: syzbot+5fc6da002fc4e8d994be@syzkaller.appspotmail.com OK visa@
pool: free list modified: shmpl C 22 2026d 2121d 3/3 1880d d13730a27993 Copy in the user-supplied buffer in shmctl(2) before looking up the shared memory segment. Otherwise, if copyin ends up sleeping it allows another thread to remove the same segment leading to a use-after-free.
malloc: free list modified: devbuf syz 5 1887d 1894d 3/3 1887d put bpfdesc reference counting back, revert change introduced in 1.175 as: BPF: remove redundant reference counting of filedescriptors
uvm_fault: kqueue_scan 1 1909d 1909d 3/3 1887d put bpfdesc reference counting back, revert change introduced in 1.175 as: BPF: remove redundant reference counting of filedescriptors
uvm_fault: witness_checkorder syz 2 1890d 1890d 3/3 1887d put bpfdesc reference counting back, revert change introduced in 1.175 as: BPF: remove redundant reference counting of filedescriptors
uvm_fault: filt_bpfrdetach syz 1 1887d 1887d 3/3 1887d put bpfdesc reference counting back, revert change introduced in 1.175 as: BPF: remove redundant reference counting of filedescriptors
uvm_fault: bpfioctl C 14 1895d 1979d 3/3 1887d put bpfdesc reference counting back, revert change introduced in 1.175 as: BPF: remove redundant reference counting of filedescriptors
assert "ps->ps_uvncount == 0" failed in kern_unveil.c syz 226 1914d 2182d 3/3 1907d a239dbafd306 Only increment the ps_uvncount counter when a path is successfully added to the corresponding red-black tree; meaning the path was not already present in the tree. This prevents an assertion to trigger in unveil_destroy() later on when the process exits.
assert "ln != NULL" failed in nd6.c 1 1933d 1933d 3/3 1910d bdbfbec5cea8 Do more sanity checks when accepting socket addresses in routing messages from user land. Inspect length field early in rtm_xaddrs(). Strings must be NUL terminated. The socket address type and length depend on the routing message type. Currently checks are not super strict to avoid too much user land fallout. OK mpi@ Reported-by: syzbot+638dbf7851da8e255af5@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
assert "ifa == rt->rt_ifa" failed in nd6.c 9 1910d 1911d 3/3 1910d bdbfbec5cea8 Do more sanity checks when accepting socket addresses in routing messages from user land. Inspect length field early in rtm_xaddrs(). Strings must be NUL terminated. The socket address type and length depend on the routing message type. Currently checks are not super strict to avoid too much user land fallout. OK mpi@ Reported-by: syzbot+638dbf7851da8e255af5@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
uvm_fault: strlcpy 18 1918d 2038d 3/3 1916d bdbfbec5cea8 Do more sanity checks when accepting socket addresses in routing messages from user land. Inspect length field early in rtm_xaddrs(). Strings must be NUL terminated. The socket address type and length depend on the routing message type. Currently checks are not super strict to avoid too much user land fallout. OK mpi@ Reported-by: syzbot+638dbf7851da8e255af5@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
uvm_fault: uvm_unmap_remove C 780 1927d 1946d 3/3 1927d 00ba8250173b vm_teardown() must be serialized since it modifies the global vmm_softc structure. Therefore grab the appropriate lock before calling the same function. This issue has been known for a while and reported before but lacking a way to easily reproduce it; until syzkaller came up with a reproducer.
panic: malloc: allocation too large, type = 2, size = ADDR (2) C 16842 1929d 1946d 3/3 1929d 225e50e8a961 Do not decrement the number of VMs counter twice in one of vm_create() error paths. If creation of the first VM fails, the counter will wrap around to a huge value. The same value could later be passed to malloc() through vm_get_info() causing a panic.
kernel: protection fault trap, code=0 (5) C 607 1935d 2009d 3/3 1934d a42056240bd9 Fix a route use after free in IPv6 multicast route. Move the mrt6_mcast6_del() out of the rtable_walk(). This avoids recursion to prevent stack overflow. Also it allows freeing the route outside of the walk. Now mrt6_mcast_del() frees the route only when it is deleted from the routing table. If that fails, it must not be freed. After the route is returned by mf6c_find(), it is reference counted. Then we need a rtfree(), but not in the other case. Name mrt6_mcast_add() and mrt6_mcast_del() consistently. Move rt_timer_remove_all() into mrt6_mcast_del(). Reported-by: syzbot+af7d510593d74c825960@syzkaller.appspotmail.com OK mpi@
panic: acquiring blockable sleep lock with spinlock or critical section held (kernel_lock) &kernel_lock 33 1943d 1948d 3/3 1943d d3f3cb99fa83 Do not use the flow of the first fragment to store ECN information. Handle the ECN in the fragment queue. Reported-by: syzbot+0aa80b25e9041001cac8@syzkaller.appspotmail.com fix from FreeBSD; OK claudio@
uvm_fault: frag6_input 24 1943d 1947d 3/3 1943d d3f3cb99fa83 Do not use the flow of the first fragment to store ECN information. Handle the ECN in the fragment queue. Reported-by: syzbot+0aa80b25e9041001cac8@syzkaller.appspotmail.com fix from FreeBSD; OK claudio@
witness: userret: returning with the following locks held: C 315 1943d 2154d 3/3 1943d b808994cf339 When a thread tries to exclusively lock a vnode, the same thread must ensure that any other thread currently trying to acquire the underlying vnode lock has observed that the same vnode is about to be exclusively locked. Such threads must then sleep until the exclusive lock has been released and then try to acquire the lock again. Otherwise, exclusive access to the vnode cannot be guaranteed.
panic: vput: ref cnt C 6 1957d 1958d 3/3 1955d d627fa5cc364 Serialize access to the vnode pointers associated with acct(2) system accounting. Prevents a race where the acct thread and the acct(2) syscall both tries to close a vnode.
assert "timo || _kernel_lock_held()" failed in kern_synch.c C 2 1957d 1958d 3/3 1957d 93e05fce3bab Revert unlock of lseek(2) since vn_lock() could end up calling tsleep() which is not allowed without holding the kernel lock. Otherwise, wakeups could be lost.
panic: vrele: v_writecount != 0 C 51 1965d 1971d 3/3 1965d 3e253b4759f0 Favor vn_close() in the error path of diskmapioctl() since side-effects caused by calling vn_open() with write permissions must be reverted. Otherwise, the vfs subsystem could panic while releasing the last vnode reference if the writecount is still positive.
panic: vput: v_writecount != 0 (2) C 112 1965d 1971d 3/3 1965d 3e253b4759f0 Favor vn_close() in the error path of diskmapioctl() since side-effects caused by calling vn_open() with write permissions must be reverted. Otherwise, the vfs subsystem could panic while releasing the last vnode reference if the writecount is still positive.
assert "cpipe->pipe_buffer.cnt == 0" failed in sys_pipe.c C 8 1992d 1992d 3/3 1992d 40f8ed5eebb0 backout the unlock of pipe(2) and pipe2(2)
kernel: protection fault trap, code=0 (4) C 759 2010d 2123d 3/3 2009d cf34c7c30780 Prevent recursions by not deleting entries inside rtable_walk(9).
uvm_fault: arp_rtrequest C 79 2028d 2039d 3/3 2017d 4cb088386ee5 In arp_rtrequest and nd6_rtrequest return early if the RTF_MPLS flag is set. These mpls routes use the rt_llinfo structure to store the MPLS label and would confuse the arp and nd6 code. OK bluhm@ anton@
assert "(rt->rt_flags & RTF_MPATH) || mrt->rt_priority != prio" failed in rtable.c C 143 2029d 2042d 3/3 2017d ff10691ed095 Copy the user provided sockaddr into a normalized sockaddr in rtrequest() before adding it to the routing table. The rtable code is doing memcmp() of those rt_dest sockaddrs so it is important that they are stored in a canonical form. To do this struct domain is extended to include the sockaddr size for this address family. OK bluhm@ anton@
uvm_fault: mrt6_ioctl C 2 2039d 2039d 3/3 2027d a8f2b5c7d3d3 Add missing NULL check for the protocol control block (pcb) pointer in mrt{6,}_ioctl. Calling shutdown(2) on the socket prior to the ioctl command can cause it to be NULL.
uvm_fault: mrt_ioctl C 2 2028d 2028d 3/3 2027d a8f2b5c7d3d3 Add missing NULL check for the protocol control block (pcb) pointer in mrt{6,}_ioctl. Calling shutdown(2) on the socket prior to the ioctl command can cause it to be NULL.
uvm_fault: pckbc_start (2) syz 2 2040d 2040d 3/3 2028d bc79b6e32eb3 Prevent corruption of the pckbc command queue. If multiple synchronous commands are in flight and all corresponding threads are sleeping waiting for a response, the first command to timeout will clear the command queue. The remaining threads once awake will then try to remove a dequeued command from the queue, leading to corruption. Instead, remove commands from the queue before waking up the sleeping thread. A quirk is still needed to handle the case where tsleep() returns successfully during suspend.
assert "_kernel_lock_held()" failed in kern_event.c C 11 2058d 2061d 3/3 2028d 1be240a95e4a Removed all diagnostic, calling printf() here might create a recursion.
witness: reversal: &pr->ps_mtx &sched_lock C 141 2030d 2031d 3/3 2030d 17b25159f963 Revert to using the SCHED_LOCK() to protect time accounting.
uvm_fault: wsmux_do_ioctl (4) C 3 2043d 2067d 3/3 2040d 78fe050fe549 A problem fixed in wskbd is also present in wsmux. Repeating the previous commit message:
panic: malloc: out of space in kmem_map 97 2093d 2158d 3/3 2041d During fuzzing, one or many fuzzing processes are often stuck waiting on memory from the subproc malloc subsystem which is exhausted. Attempt to circumvent such scenarios by allocation the kcov coverage buffer using km_alloc() instead.
uvm_fault: rtm_report C 2 2066d 2066d 3/3 2050d 1b18c0494f67 Make rt_mpls_set() be more strict in what it accepts. Also ensure that the RTF_MPLS can't be toggled without rt_mpls_set() being called. While RTF_MPLS is part of RTF_FMASK it should be excluded from the flags and mask when they are applied to the route since toggling it requires a call to rt_mpls_set(). OK bluhm@
syzkaller: testing failed: failed to run ["go" "test" "-short" "./..."]: exit status 1 36 2051d 2053d 3/3 2051d fbb8d265a895 Restore previous behavior of limiting deadlock detection to posix-style locks.
multicore build error (3) 4 2055d 2055d 3/3 2055d always rearm completion queues as leaving them disarmed would lead to rx or tx completion stalling.
openbsd build error (5) 2 2055d 2055d 3/3 2055d always rearm completion queues as leaving them disarmed would lead to rx or tx completion stalling.
panic: timeout_add: to_ticks < 0 (3) 1 2078d 2078d 3/3 2067d 1af424413523 Lower the accepted upper bound for bd_rtout to INT_MAX in order to prevent passing negative values to timeout_add().
panic: mtx ADDR: locking against myself C 3 2072d 2072d 3/3 2070d vmm(4): remove a debug printf that was causing lock issues (it was being called from an IPI routine).
panic: timeout_add: to_ticks < 0 (2) syz 12 2089d 2090d 3/3 2088d bf2018479c9a Reject negative and too large timeouts passed to BIOCSRTIMEOUT. Since the timeout converted to ticks is later passed timeout_add(), it could cause a panic if the timeout is negative.
uvm_fault: rtable_satoplen (2) syz 101 2092d 2101d 3/3 2088d 575ef11475ca Add a more strict rtm_hdrlen size check. Make sure that at least struct rt_msghdr bytes are passed in. Also return a failure from rtm_xaddrs() if rti_addrs has bad flags or run out of space. Ok bluhm@
uvm_fault: memcpy C 460 2092d 2112d 3/3 2092d 575ef11475ca Add a more strict rtm_hdrlen size check. Make sure that at least struct rt_msghdr bytes are passed in. Also return a failure from rtm_xaddrs() if rti_addrs has bad flags or run out of space. Ok bluhm@
panic: malloc: allocation too large, type = 2, size = ADDR C 914 2093d 2156d 3/3 2093d fd7c80607c62 Restrict the number of allowed wsmux devices, just like wskbd and wsmouse already does. Otherwise, malloc could panic if the device minor is sufficiently large.
openbsd build error (2) 1 2097d 2097d 3/3 2096d 6baecefef8fe Tweak previous: include <sys/stdint.h> for INT64_MAX/INT64_MIN.
assert "tname->un_flags & UNVEIL_USERSET" failed in kern_unveil.c C 1447 2096d 2099d 3/3 2096d f4c23aa848ae Remove this assert, I can't do this here with UNVEIL_INSPECT added aggressively today. Hopefully post release a glorious flensing will remove UNVEIL_INSPECT anyway
uvm_fault: rtable_satoplen 158 2101d 2118d 3/3 2101d fab4809e7ec2 Make sure pointer is within bounds before dereferencing it.
witness: acquiring duplicate lock of same type: "&sc->sc_lock" C 231 2131d 2132d 3/3 2131d 1f8a38b155bf When adding a wsmux device to an existing wsmux device using ioctl(WSMUXIO_ADD_DEVICE), two distinct locks of the same type are acquired. Thus, witness will emit warning. Since acquiring two different locks of the same type is harmless in this context, relax the witness check by flagging the locks as RWL_DUPOK.
panic: timeout_add: to_ticks < 0 C 66 2131d 2136d 3/3 2131d 3cfc9cae129c Reject negative input from userland in spkrioctl(). One of the arguments are later passed to timeout_add() which panics if the given ticks are negative. While here, clamp arguments in pcppi_bell() in order to prevent overflow.
uvm_fault: pckbc_start 1 2133d 2133d 3/3 2132d 0c0bf6318018 Serialize access to the list of attached child devices belonging to a wsmux. When invoking wsevsrc_* functions on a attached child device, underlying driver can sleep; this introduces a race where another thread is able to modify the list leading to all kinds of corruptions.
uvm_fault: wsmux_detach_sc syz 10 2135d 2146d 3/3 2132d 0c0bf6318018 Serialize access to the list of attached child devices belonging to a wsmux. When invoking wsevsrc_* functions on a attached child device, underlying driver can sleep; this introduces a race where another thread is able to modify the list leading to all kinds of corruptions.
panic: vmmaplk: lock not shared C 16 2143d 2155d 3/3 2143d Always refault if relocking maps fails after IO. This fixes a regression
panic: pool_p_free: semupl free list modified: page ADDR; item addr ADDR; offset 0x0=ADDR C 5 2144d 2263d 3/3 2143d When freeing the sem_undo structure in semundo_adjust(), update the
pool: free list modified: semupl C 6 2150d 2263d 3/3 2143d When freeing the sem_undo structure in semundo_adjust(), update the
pool: double put: mbufpl 6 2209d 2211d 3/3 2143d Avoid an mbuf double free in the oob soreceive() path. In the
uvm_fault: wsmux_do_ioctl (2) C 17 2151d 2155d 3/3 2150d In wskbdclose(), use the same logic as in wskbdopen() to determine if
kernel: protection fault trap, code=0 (3) C 3 2155d 2155d 3/3 2155d Validate the user-supplied device index given to WSMUXIO_ADD_DEVICE. The same
uvm_fault: VOP_ACCESS 393 2159d 2202d 3/3 2159d namei can return a null dvp on success. check this before access.
kernel: protection fault trap, code=0 (2) syz 109 2161d 2184d 3/3 2160d Introduce a dedicated entry point data structure for file locks. This new data
panic: malformed IPv4 option passed to ip_optcopy (2) C 149 2166d 2169d 3/3 2163d Bring back the ip_pcbopts() refactor. Pad the option buffer and therefor the mbuf to the next word length as it is required by the standard. Also use the correct offset from the input mbuf. OK visa@, input & OK bluhm@
panic: uvm_fault_unwire_locked: address not in map C 2 2188d 2188d 3/3 2172d Hold a read lock on the map while doing the actual device I/O during in
assert "next != NULL && next->start <= entry->end" failed in uvm_fault.c C 2 2186d 2186d 3/3 2172d Hold a read lock on the map while doing the actual device I/O during in
panic: malformed IPv4 option passed to ip_optcopy C 10 2186d 2195d 3/3 2175d Validate the version, and all length fields of IP packets passed to a raw socket
panic: m_zero: M_READONLY C 3 2180d 2180d 3/3 2175d It is possible to call m_zero with a read-only cluster. In that case just
assert "__mp_lock_held(&sched_lock, curcpu()) == 0" failed in kern_lock.c C 17 2177d 2188d 3/3 2176d ec412da11be4 Fix unsafe use of ptsignal() in mi_switch().
uvm_fault: m_free 12 2186d 2209d 3/3 2176d 54e30ac1a804 Fix mbuf releated crashes in switch(4). They have been found by syzkaller as pool corruption panic. It is unclear which bug caused what, but it should be better now. - Check M_PKTHDR with assertion before accessing m_pkthdr. - Do not access oh_length without m_pullup(). - After checking if there is space at the end of the mbuf, don't overwrite the data at the beginning. Append the new content. - Do not set m_len and m_pkthdr.len when it is unclear whether the ofp_error header fits at all. Use m_makespace() to adjust the mbuf. Reported-by: syzbot+6efc0a9d5b700b54392e@syzkaller.appspotmail.com test akoshibe@; OK claudio@
pool: free list modified: mbufpl syz 13 2195d 2209d 3/3 2176d 54e30ac1a804 Fix mbuf releated crashes in switch(4). They have been found by syzkaller as pool corruption panic. It is unclear which bug caused what, but it should be better now. - Check M_PKTHDR with assertion before accessing m_pkthdr. - Do not access oh_length without m_pullup(). - After checking if there is space at the end of the mbuf, don't overwrite the data at the beginning. Append the new content. - Do not set m_len and m_pkthdr.len when it is unclear whether the ofp_error header fits at all. Use m_makespace() to adjust the mbuf. Reported-by: syzbot+6efc0a9d5b700b54392e@syzkaller.appspotmail.com test akoshibe@; OK claudio@
panic: pr_find_pagehead: mbufpl: incorrect page 3 2190d 2206d 3/3 2176d 54e30ac1a804 Fix mbuf releated crashes in switch(4). They have been found by syzkaller as pool corruption panic. It is unclear which bug caused what, but it should be better now. - Check M_PKTHDR with assertion before accessing m_pkthdr. - Do not access oh_length without m_pullup(). - After checking if there is space at the end of the mbuf, don't overwrite the data at the beginning. Append the new content. - Do not set m_len and m_pkthdr.len when it is unclear whether the ofp_error header fits at all. Use m_makespace() to adjust the mbuf. Reported-by: syzbot+6efc0a9d5b700b54392e@syzkaller.appspotmail.com test akoshibe@; OK claudio@
panic: pool_cache_item_magic_check: mcl64k cpu free list modified: item addr ADDR+24 ADDR!=ADDR 1 2207d 2207d 3/3 2176d 54e30ac1a804 Fix mbuf releated crashes in switch(4). They have been found by syzkaller as pool corruption panic. It is unclear which bug caused what, but it should be better now. - Check M_PKTHDR with assertion before accessing m_pkthdr. - Do not access oh_length without m_pullup(). - After checking if there is space at the end of the mbuf, don't overwrite the data at the beginning. Append the new content. - Do not set m_len and m_pkthdr.len when it is unclear whether the ofp_error header fits at all. Use m_makespace() to adjust the mbuf. Reported-by: syzbot+6efc0a9d5b700b54392e@syzkaller.appspotmail.com test akoshibe@; OK claudio@
uvm_fault: switchread 1 2204d 2204d 3/3 2176d 54e30ac1a804 Fix mbuf releated crashes in switch(4). They have been found by syzkaller as pool corruption panic. It is unclear which bug caused what, but it should be better now. - Check M_PKTHDR with assertion before accessing m_pkthdr. - Do not access oh_length without m_pullup(). - After checking if there is space at the end of the mbuf, don't overwrite the data at the beginning. Append the new content. - Do not set m_len and m_pkthdr.len when it is unclear whether the ofp_error header fits at all. Use m_makespace() to adjust the mbuf. Reported-by: syzbot+6efc0a9d5b700b54392e@syzkaller.appspotmail.com test akoshibe@; OK claudio@
uvm_fault: switchwrite syz 7 2186d 2206d 3/3 2176d 54e30ac1a804 Fix mbuf releated crashes in switch(4). They have been found by syzkaller as pool corruption panic. It is unclear which bug caused what, but it should be better now. - Check M_PKTHDR with assertion before accessing m_pkthdr. - Do not access oh_length without m_pullup(). - After checking if there is space at the end of the mbuf, don't overwrite the data at the beginning. Append the new content. - Do not set m_len and m_pkthdr.len when it is unclear whether the ofp_error header fits at all. Use m_makespace() to adjust the mbuf. Reported-by: syzbot+6efc0a9d5b700b54392e@syzkaller.appspotmail.com test akoshibe@; OK claudio@
panic: pool_cache_item_magic_check: mbufpl cpu free list modified: item addr ADDR+16 0x0!=ADDR 1 2197d 2197d 3/3 2179d 54e30ac1a804 Fix mbuf releated crashes in switch(4). They have been found by syzkaller as pool corruption panic. It is unclear which bug caused what, but it should be better now. - Check M_PKTHDR with assertion before accessing m_pkthdr. - Do not access oh_length without m_pullup(). - After checking if there is space at the end of the mbuf, don't overwrite the data at the beginning. Append the new content. - Do not set m_len and m_pkthdr.len when it is unclear whether the ofp_error header fits at all. Use m_makespace() to adjust the mbuf. Reported-by: syzbot+6efc0a9d5b700b54392e@syzkaller.appspotmail.com test akoshibe@; OK claudio@
panic: pr_find_pagehead: mbufpl: page header missing C 10 2196d 2209d 3/3 2185d Fix mbuf releated crashes in switch(4). They have been found by
pool: free list modified: mcl2k C 4 2194d 2248d 3/3 2193d Replace a wrong poor mans m_trailingspace() with the real thing. The mbuf
panic: receive 3: so ADDR, so_type 1, m ADDR, m_type 6 C 18 2195d 2204d 3/3 2194d When using MSG_WAITALL, soreceive() can sleep while processing the receive buffer of a stream socket. Then a new pair of control and data mbuf can be appended to the mbuf queue. In this case, terminate the loop with a short read to prevent a panic. Userland should read the control message with the next system call. OK claudio@ deraadt@
panic: kernel diagnostic assertion "M_DATABUF(m) + M_SIZE(m) >= (m->m_data + m->m_len)" failed: file "/syzkaller/manager C 7 2204d 2210d 3/3 2194d 49729d6ed45f In PRU_DISCONNECT don't fall through into PRU_ABORT since the latter frees the inpcb apart from the disconnect. Just call soisdisconnected() and clear the inp->inp_faddr since the socket is still valid after a disconnect. Problem found by syzkaller via Greg Steuck OK visa@ Fixes: Reported-by: syzbot+2cd350dfe5c96f6469f2@syzkaller.appspotmail.com Reported-by: syzbot+139ac2d7d3d60162334b@syzkaller.appspotmail.com Reported-by: syzbot+02168317bd0156c13b69@syzkaller.appspotmail.com Reported-by: syzbot+de8d2459ecf4cdc576a1@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
pool: double put: lockfpl 1 2271d 2263d 3/3 2194d Rework previous lockf fix; bluhm@ noticed a regress failure during consecutive runs. This is a second attempt in which the lockf structure is turned into a doubly linked list which makes it easier to ensure correctness during list insertion and deletion.
uvm_fault: killjobc 1 2199d 2199d 3/3 2195d When no child devices are attached to a wsmux device, make sure to return an
uvm_fault: wsmux_do_ioctl 2 2225d 2263d 3/3 2195d Utilize sigio with wscons. The old behavior of always making the process group of the process who opens the device the default recipient of sigio is removed as a side-effect of this change. Issuing ioctl(FIOSETOWN) is therefore mandatory in order to receive sigio, which is more consistent with other subsystems supporting sigio.
uvm_fault: sogetopt C 2 2212d 2212d 1/3 2209d In PRU_DISCONNECT don't fall through into PRU_ABORT since the latter frees
kernel: protection fault trap, code=0 C 16 2209d 2214d 1/3 2209d In PRU_DISCONNECT don't fall through into PRU_ABORT since the latter frees
uvm_fault: ip_ctloutput C 11 2209d 2213d 1/3 2209d In PRU_DISCONNECT don't fall through into PRU_ABORT since the latter frees
uvm_fault: ip_pcbopts C 6 2209d 2213d 1/3 2209d In PRU_DISCONNECT don't fall through into PRU_ABORT since the latter frees