possible deadlock in tcm_alloc

Status: upstream: reported C repro on 2026/08/03 10:48
Subsystems: usb
Labels: prio:low
[Documentation on labels]
Reported-by: syzbot+2799146a53c356f8017d@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
First crash: 6d09h, last: 3h59m
✨ AI Patch Versions (1)
Version Stage Reported Report Link Job
1 moderation 2026/08/05 13:23 Discussion 49909002-0104-485f-85b2-50f21a062149
✨ AI Jobs (2)
ID Workflow Result Correct Bug Created Started Finished Revision
49909002 patching possible deadlock in tcm_alloc 2026/08/05 11:49 2026/08/05 11:49 2026/08/05 13:23 52aa2820
faf7ef40 assessment-security DenialOfService: ❌ Exploitable: ❌ FilesystemTrigger: ❌ NetworkTrigger: ❌ PeripheralTrigger: ❌ RemoteTrigger: ❌ Unprivileged: ❌ UserNamespace: ❌ VMGuestTrigger: ❌ VMHostTrigger: ❌ possible deadlock in tcm_alloc 2026/08/01 00:05 2026/08/01 00:05 2026/08/01 00:09 7664cf44
Discussions (1)
Title Replies (including bot) Last reply
[syzbot] [usb?] possible deadlock in tcm_alloc 0 (2) 2026/08/04 14:57
Similar bugs (3)
Kernel Title Rank 🛈 Repro Cause bisect Fix bisect Count Last Reported Patched Status
linux-6.6 possible deadlock in tcm_alloc 4 14 18h08m 23h34m 0/2 upstream: reported on 2026/08/04 20:57
linux-6.1 possible deadlock in tcm_alloc 4 24 18h36m 23h31m 0/3 upstream: reported on 2026/08/04 21:00
linux-5.15 possible deadlock in tcm_alloc 4 14 18h25m 1d01h 0/3 upstream: reported on 2026/08/04 18:59

Sample crash report:
======================================================
WARNING: possible circular locking dependency detected
syzkaller #0 Not tainted
------------------------------------------------------
syz-executor196/5621 is trying to acquire lock:
ffffffff90253240 (tpg_instances_lock){+.+.}-{4:4}, at: tcm_alloc+0x20/0x440 drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_tcm.c:2733

but task is already holding lock:
ffff88807b29c390 (&gi->lock){+.+.}-{4:4}, at: config_usb_cfg_link+0x57/0x3a0 drivers/usb/gadget/configfs.c:439

which lock already depends on the new lock.


the existing dependency chain (in reverse order) is:

-> #3 (&gi->lock){+.+.}-{4:4}:
       lock_acquire kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5868 [inline]
       lock_acquire+0x1b9/0x370 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5825
       __mutex_lock_common kernel/locking/mutex.c:646 [inline]
       __mutex_lock+0x1a4/0x1bd0 kernel/locking/mutex.c:821
       config_usb_cfg_link+0x57/0x3a0 drivers/usb/gadget/configfs.c:439
       configfs_symlink+0x540/0x11f0 fs/configfs/symlink.c:196
       vfs_symlink fs/namei.c:5660 [inline]
       vfs_symlink+0x178/0x4d0 fs/namei.c:5639
       filename_symlinkat+0x2a6/0x560 fs/namei.c:5685
       __do_sys_symlinkat fs/namei.c:5705 [inline]
       __se_sys_symlinkat fs/namei.c:5700 [inline]
       __x64_sys_symlinkat+0x9c/0xe0 fs/namei.c:5700
       do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
       do_syscall_64+0x115/0x870 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
       entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f

-> #2 (&sb->s_type->i_mutex_key#17){+.+.}-{4:4}:
       lock_acquire kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5868 [inline]
       lock_acquire+0x1b9/0x370 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5825
       down_write+0x8b/0x1f0 kernel/locking/rwsem.c:1631
       inode_lock include/linux/fs.h:1024 [inline]
       configfs_depend_item_unlocked+0xf3/0x6a0 fs/configfs/dir.c:1259
       usbg_make_tpg+0x261/0x620 drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_tcm.c:1686
       target_fabric_make_tpg+0xab/0x8c0 drivers/target/target_core_fabric_configfs.c:939
       configfs_mkdir+0x51e/0xb70 fs/configfs/dir.c:1360
       vfs_mkdir+0x361/0x850 fs/namei.c:5276
       filename_mkdirat+0x48b/0x5e0 fs/namei.c:5309
       __do_sys_mkdirat fs/namei.c:5330 [inline]
       __se_sys_mkdirat fs/namei.c:5327 [inline]
       __x64_sys_mkdirat+0x89/0xc0 fs/namei.c:5327
       do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
       do_syscall_64+0x115/0x870 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
       entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f

-> #1 (&opts->dep_lock){+.+.}-{4:4}:
       lock_acquire kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5868 [inline]
       lock_acquire+0x1b9/0x370 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5825
       __mutex_lock_common kernel/locking/mutex.c:646 [inline]
       __mutex_lock+0x1a4/0x1bd0 kernel/locking/mutex.c:821
       usbg_make_tpg+0x1a4/0x620 drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_tcm.c:1678
       target_fabric_make_tpg+0xab/0x8c0 drivers/target/target_core_fabric_configfs.c:939
       configfs_mkdir+0x51e/0xb70 fs/configfs/dir.c:1360
       vfs_mkdir+0x361/0x850 fs/namei.c:5276
       filename_mkdirat+0x48b/0x5e0 fs/namei.c:5309
       __do_sys_mkdirat fs/namei.c:5330 [inline]
       __se_sys_mkdirat fs/namei.c:5327 [inline]
       __x64_sys_mkdirat+0x89/0xc0 fs/namei.c:5327
       do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
       do_syscall_64+0x115/0x870 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
       entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f

-> #0 (tpg_instances_lock){+.+.}-{4:4}:
       check_prev_add+0xeb/0xe60 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3165
       check_prevs_add kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3284 [inline]
       validate_chain kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3908 [inline]
       __lock_acquire+0x136c/0x1a40 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5237
       lock_acquire kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5868 [inline]
       lock_acquire+0x1b9/0x370 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5825
       __mutex_lock_common kernel/locking/mutex.c:646 [inline]
       __mutex_lock+0x1a4/0x1bd0 kernel/locking/mutex.c:821
       tcm_alloc+0x20/0x440 drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_tcm.c:2733
       usb_get_function+0x5e/0xd0 drivers/usb/gadget/functions.c:61
       config_usb_cfg_link+0x1ed/0x3a0 drivers/usb/gadget/configfs.c:469
       configfs_symlink+0x540/0x11f0 fs/configfs/symlink.c:196
       vfs_symlink fs/namei.c:5660 [inline]
       vfs_symlink+0x178/0x4d0 fs/namei.c:5639
       filename_symlinkat+0x2a6/0x560 fs/namei.c:5685
       __do_sys_symlinkat fs/namei.c:5705 [inline]
       __se_sys_symlinkat fs/namei.c:5700 [inline]
       __x64_sys_symlinkat+0x9c/0xe0 fs/namei.c:5700
       do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
       do_syscall_64+0x115/0x870 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
       entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f

other info that might help us debug this:

Chain exists of:
  tpg_instances_lock --> &sb->s_type->i_mutex_key#17 --> &gi->lock

 Possible unsafe locking scenario:

       CPU0                    CPU1
       ----                    ----
  lock(&gi->lock);
                               lock(&sb->s_type->i_mutex_key#17);
                               lock(&gi->lock);
  lock(tpg_instances_lock);

 *** DEADLOCK ***

3 locks held by syz-executor196/5621:
 #0: ffff88801e726450 (sb_writers#9){.+.+}-{0:0}, at: filename_create+0x10d/0x400 fs/namei.c:4948
 #1: ffff88807f980f80 (&sb->s_type->i_mutex_key#17){+.+.}-{4:4}, at: inode_lock include/linux/fs.h:1024 [inline]
 #1: ffff88807f980f80 (&sb->s_type->i_mutex_key#17){+.+.}-{4:4}, at: configfs_symlink+0x3c0/0x11f0 fs/configfs/symlink.c:186
 #2: ffff88807b29c390 (&gi->lock){+.+.}-{4:4}, at: config_usb_cfg_link+0x57/0x3a0 drivers/usb/gadget/configfs.c:439

stack backtrace:
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 5621 Comm: syz-executor196 Not tainted syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 07/16/2026
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline]
 dump_stack_lvl+0x100/0x190 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 print_circular_bug.cold+0x178/0x1c7 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:2043
 check_noncircular+0x146/0x160 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:2175
 check_prev_add+0xeb/0xe60 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3165
 check_prevs_add kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3284 [inline]
 validate_chain kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3908 [inline]
 __lock_acquire+0x136c/0x1a40 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5237
 lock_acquire kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5868 [inline]
 lock_acquire+0x1b9/0x370 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5825
 __mutex_lock_common kernel/locking/mutex.c:646 [inline]
 __mutex_lock+0x1a4/0x1bd0 kernel/locking/mutex.c:821
 tcm_alloc+0x20/0x440 drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_tcm.c:2733
 usb_get_function+0x5e/0xd0 drivers/usb/gadget/functions.c:61
 config_usb_cfg_link+0x1ed/0x3a0 drivers/usb/gadget/configfs.c:469
 configfs_symlink+0x540/0x11f0 fs/configfs/symlink.c:196
 vfs_symlink fs/namei.c:5660 [inline]
 vfs_symlink+0x178/0x4d0 fs/namei.c:5639
 filename_symlinkat+0x2a6/0x560 fs/namei.c:5685
 __do_sys_symlinkat fs/namei.c:5705 [inline]
 __se_sys_symlinkat fs/namei.c:5700 [inline]
 __x64_sys_symlinkat+0x9c/0xe0 fs/namei.c:5700
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0x115/0x870 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7f378fc34d79
Code: c0 79 93 eb d5 48 8d 7c 1d 00 eb 99 0f 1f 44 00 00 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 d8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48
RSP: 002b:00007ffd17934a28 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 000000000000010a
RAX: ffffffff

Crashes (145):
Time Kernel Commit Syzkaller Config Log Report Syz repro C repro VM info Assets (help?) Manager Title
2026/08/04 22:30 upstream 848acc8ffe1b d4abbeac .config strace log report syz / log C [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-upstream-kasan-gce-selinux-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 18:14 upstream 848acc8ffe1b 3c5eaa21 .config console log report syz / log C [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-qemu-upstream possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 17:26 upstream 848acc8ffe1b 3c5eaa21 .config console log report syz / log C [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-qemu-upstream possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 14:56 upstream 848acc8ffe1b 3c5eaa21 .config console log report syz / log C [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-qemu-upstream possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/05 16:33 upstream c21bb4193868 b3eac40e .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-upstream-kasan-gce-selinux-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 23:34 upstream 848acc8ffe1b d4abbeac .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-upstream-kasan-badwrites-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 21:23 upstream 848acc8ffe1b d4abbeac .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-upstream-kasan-badwrites-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 20:23 upstream 848acc8ffe1b d4abbeac .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-upstream-kasan-badwrites-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 16:12 upstream 848acc8ffe1b d4abbeac .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-upstream-kasan-gce-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 14:18 upstream 848acc8ffe1b d4abbeac .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-upstream-kasan-gce-selinux-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 14:12 upstream 848acc8ffe1b d4abbeac .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-upstream-kasan-gce-smack-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 14:11 upstream 848acc8ffe1b d4abbeac .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-upstream-kasan-gce-selinux-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 14:09 upstream 848acc8ffe1b d4abbeac .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-upstream-kasan-gce-smack-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 13:57 upstream 848acc8ffe1b d4abbeac .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-upstream-kasan-gce-smack-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 18:28 upstream 848acc8ffe1b 3c5eaa21 .config console log report info [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-qemu-upstream possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 15:10 upstream 848acc8ffe1b 3c5eaa21 .config console log report info [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-qemu-upstream possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 14:07 upstream 848acc8ffe1b 3c5eaa21 .config console log report info [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-qemu-upstream possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 13:29 upstream 848acc8ffe1b 3c5eaa21 .config console log report [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-snapshot-upstream-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 13:29 upstream 848acc8ffe1b 3c5eaa21 .config console log report [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-snapshot-upstream-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 13:28 upstream 848acc8ffe1b 3c5eaa21 .config console log report [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-snapshot-upstream-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 13:28 upstream 848acc8ffe1b 3c5eaa21 .config console log report [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-snapshot-upstream-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 13:26 upstream 848acc8ffe1b 3c5eaa21 .config console log report [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-snapshot-upstream-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 13:25 upstream 848acc8ffe1b 3c5eaa21 .config console log report [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-snapshot-upstream-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 13:24 upstream 848acc8ffe1b 3c5eaa21 .config console log report [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-snapshot-upstream-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 13:24 upstream 848acc8ffe1b 3c5eaa21 .config console log report [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-snapshot-upstream-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 13:21 upstream 848acc8ffe1b 3c5eaa21 .config console log report [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-snapshot-upstream-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 13:21 upstream 848acc8ffe1b 3c5eaa21 .config console log report [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-snapshot-upstream-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 13:21 upstream 848acc8ffe1b 3c5eaa21 .config console log report [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-snapshot-upstream-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 13:21 upstream 848acc8ffe1b 3c5eaa21 .config console log report [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-snapshot-upstream-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 13:16 upstream 848acc8ffe1b 3c5eaa21 .config console log report [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-snapshot-upstream-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 13:16 upstream 848acc8ffe1b 3c5eaa21 .config console log report [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-snapshot-upstream-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 13:16 upstream 848acc8ffe1b 3c5eaa21 .config console log report [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-snapshot-upstream-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 13:16 upstream 848acc8ffe1b 3c5eaa21 .config console log report [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-snapshot-upstream-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 13:15 upstream 848acc8ffe1b 3c5eaa21 .config console log report [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-snapshot-upstream-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 13:15 upstream 848acc8ffe1b 3c5eaa21 .config console log report [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-snapshot-upstream-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 13:11 upstream 848acc8ffe1b 3c5eaa21 .config console log report [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-snapshot-upstream-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 13:11 upstream 848acc8ffe1b 3c5eaa21 .config console log report [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-snapshot-upstream-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 13:11 upstream 848acc8ffe1b 3c5eaa21 .config console log report [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-snapshot-upstream-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 13:11 upstream 848acc8ffe1b 3c5eaa21 .config console log report [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-snapshot-upstream-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 13:07 upstream 848acc8ffe1b 3c5eaa21 .config console log report [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-snapshot-upstream-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 13:07 upstream 848acc8ffe1b 3c5eaa21 .config console log report [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-snapshot-upstream-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 13:07 upstream 848acc8ffe1b 3c5eaa21 .config console log report [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-snapshot-upstream-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 13:07 upstream 848acc8ffe1b 3c5eaa21 .config console log report [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-snapshot-upstream-root possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/07/30 11:16 upstream 11028ab62899 abc81b93 .config console log report info [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-qemu-upstream possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/07/30 10:39 upstream 11028ab62899 abc81b93 .config console log report info [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-qemu-upstream possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/07/30 10:39 upstream 11028ab62899 abc81b93 .config console log report info [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-qemu-upstream possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/07/30 10:38 upstream 11028ab62899 abc81b93 .config console log report info [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-qemu-upstream possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 14:16 upstream 848acc8ffe1b 3c5eaa21 .config console log report info [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-qemu-upstream-386 possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 14:16 upstream 848acc8ffe1b 3c5eaa21 .config console log report info [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-qemu-upstream-386 possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 14:11 upstream 848acc8ffe1b 3c5eaa21 .config console log report info [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-qemu-upstream-386 possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/05 13:27 linux-next cc2b5f627e8c b3eac40e .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-upstream-rust-kasan-gce possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 17:16 linux-next cc2b5f627e8c d4abbeac .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-upstream-rust-kasan-gce possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 17:12 linux-next cc2b5f627e8c d4abbeac .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-upstream-rust-kasan-gce possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 13:35 git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux.git for-kernelci 7235a3e71949 d4abbeac .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-upstream-gce-arm64 possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
2026/08/04 13:32 git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux.git for-kernelci 7235a3e71949 d4abbeac .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-upstream-gce-arm64 possible deadlock in tcm_alloc
* Struck through repros no longer work on HEAD.