KASAN: slab-use-after-free Read in snd_card_free

Status: upstream: reported on 2026/09/17 03:03
Subsystems: sound
Labels: actionable prio:high
[Documentation on labels]
Reported-by: syzbot+40b06a86af225236fdb4@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Fix commit: fbaccb1b19c7 ALSA: hda: intel: Don't free card in the probe work
Patched on: [ci-qemu-gce-upstream-auto ci-qemu-upstream ci-qemu-upstream-386 ci-qemu2-arm32 ci-qemu2-arm64 ci-qemu2-arm64-compat ci-qemu2-arm64-mte ci-snapshot-upstream-root ci-upstream-gce-leak ci-upstream-kasan-badwrites-root ci-upstream-kasan-gce ci-upstream-kasan-gce-386 ci-upstream-kasan-gce-root ci-upstream-kasan-gce-selinux-root ci-upstream-kasan-gce-smack-root ci-upstream-linux-next-kasan-gce-root ci-upstream-rust-kasan-gce ci2-upstream-fs ci2-upstream-kcsan-gce ci2-upstream-usb], missing on: [ci-qemu-native-arm64-kvm ci-qemu2-riscv64 ci-upstream-bpf-kasan-gce ci-upstream-bpf-next-kasan-gce ci-upstream-gce-arm64 ci-upstream-kmsan-gce-386-root ci-upstream-kmsan-gce-root ci-upstream-net-kasan-gce ci-upstream-net-this-kasan-gce]
First crash: 60d, last: 60d
▶ ▼ ✨ AI Jobs (12)
ID Workflow Result Correct Bug Created Started Finished Revision
8e8fc1da assessment-security DenialOfService: ✅ Exploitable: ✅ FilesystemTrigger: ❌ NetworkTrigger: ❌ PeripheralTrigger: ✅ RemoteTrigger: ❌ Unprivileged: ❌ UserNamespace: ❌ VMGuestTrigger: ❌ VMHostTrigger: ✅ ❓ KASAN: slab-use-after-free Read in snd_card_free 2026/10/02 01:09 2026/10/02 01:09 2026/10/02 02:01 6d32eb1f
8287dcf2 moderation Actionable: ✅ ❓ KASAN: slab-use-after-free Read in snd_card_free 2026/09/17 02:24 2026/09/17 02:24 2026/09/17 03:02 95928915
873488b0 assessment-security 💥 KASAN: slab-use-after-free Read in snd_card_free 2026/09/15 02:20 2026/09/15 02:20 2026/09/15 02:20 81a27d1a
7b269f01 moderation 💥 KASAN: slab-use-after-free Read in snd_card_free 2026/09/09 00:55 2026/09/09 00:55 2026/09/09 00:55 243b72f1
0ae9509a assessment-security 💥 KASAN: slab-use-after-free Read in snd_card_free 2026/09/07 00:56 2026/09/07 00:56 2026/09/07 00:56 4f7b22a0
f5505840 moderation 💥 KASAN: slab-use-after-free Read in snd_card_free 2026/09/04 12:29 2026/09/04 12:29 2026/09/04 12:29 801f0966
ddfa134e assessment-security 💥 KASAN: slab-use-after-free Read in snd_card_free 2026/09/02 01:29 2026/09/02 01:29 2026/09/02 01:29 587f6b29
465c1d8d moderation 💥 KASAN: slab-use-after-free Read in snd_card_free 2026/09/02 01:29 2026/09/02 01:29 2026/09/02 01:29 587f6b29
3500a811 moderation 💥 KASAN: slab-use-after-free Read in snd_card_free 2026/09/01 00:03 2026/09/01 00:03 2026/09/01 00:03 2f52988a
c112090b repro-c Reproduced: ✅ ❓ KASAN: slab-use-after-free Read in snd_card_free 2026/08/31 15:04 2026/08/31 15:05 2026/08/31 16:59 2f52988a
bc635a11 assessment-security 💥 KASAN: slab-use-after-free Read in snd_card_free 2026/08/30 00:54 2026/08/30 00:54 2026/08/30 00:54 2f52988a
9ed84d05 assessment-security 💥 KASAN: slab-use-after-free Read in snd_card_free 2026/08/29 00:05 2026/08/29 00:05 2026/08/29 00:05 bcbc8ceb
▶ ▼ Discussions (4)
Title Replies (including bot) Last reply
[PATCH v2] ALSA: hda: intel: Don't free card in the probe work 2 (2) 2026/10/13 07:01
Re: [PATCH] ALSA: hda: intel: Don't free card in the probe work 3 (3) 2026/10/12 15:56
[PATCH] ALSA: hda: intel: Don't free card in the probe work 3 (3) 2026/10/12 14:35
[syzbot] [sound?] KASAN: slab-use-after-free Read in snd_card_free 0 (1) 2026/09/17 03:03
▶ ▼ Last patch testing requests (1)
Created Duration User Patch Repo Result
2026/08/31 18:56 15m nogikh@google.com git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git cee9395acd8043be0644b25c34bfa86623f2b935 no crash job log log

Sample crash report:
==================================================================
BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in snd_card_free+0x16f/0x190 sound/core/init.c:658
Read of size 1 at addr ffff888000f8a862 by task syz.4.2775/17559

CPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 17559 Comm: syz.4.2775 Tainted: G             L      syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Tainted: [L]=SOFTLOCKUP
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2 04/01/2014
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline]
 dump_stack_lvl+0x100/0x190 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:378 [inline]
 print_report+0x13d/0x4b0 mm/kasan/report.c:482
 kasan_report+0xdf/0x1c0 mm/kasan/report.c:595
 snd_card_free+0x16f/0x190 sound/core/init.c:658
 azx_remove+0
 azx_remove+0xfd/0x140 sound/hda/controllers/intel.c:2477
 pci_device_remove+0xb2/0x1d0 drivers/pci/pci-driver.c:535
 device_remove+0xcb/0x180 drivers/base/dd.c:616
 __device_release_driver drivers/base/dd.c:1349 [inline]
 device_release_driver_internal+0x44e/0x620 drivers/base/dd.c:1372
 pci_stop_dev drivers/pci/remove.c:27 [inline]
 pci_stop_bus_device+0x120/0x160 drivers/pci/remove.c:94
 pci_stop_and_remove_bus_device+0x58/0xa0 drivers/pci/remove.c:129
 pci_stop_and_remove_bus_device_locked+0x1a/0x20 drivers/pci/remove.c:137
 remove_store+0x123/0x140 drivers/pci/pci-sysfs.c:524
 dev_attr_store+0x58/0x80 drivers/base/core.c:2509
 sysfs_kf_write+0xf2/0x150 fs/sysfs/file.c:145
 kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x3e0/0x5f0 fs/kernfs/file.c:345
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:595 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x6af/0x1050 fs/read_write.c:687
 ksys_write+0x12a/0x250 fs/read_write.c:739
 do_syscall_32_irqs_on arch/x86/entry/syscall_32.c:79 [inline]
 __do_fast_syscall_32+0x13a/0x8b0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_32.c:291
 do_fast_syscall_32+0x32/0x70 arch/x86/entry/syscall_32.c:316
 entry_SYSENTER_compat_after_hwframe+0x84/0x8e
RIP: 0023:0xf7f13fec
Code: Unable to access opcode bytes at 0xf7f13fc2.
RSP: 002b:00000000f4f7150c EFLAGS: 00000292 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000004
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000000000000009 RCX: 00000000800000c0
RDX: 0000000000000001 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: 0000000000000000
RBP: 0000000000000000 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000292 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 0000000000000000 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000000
 </TASK>

Allocated by task 17541:
 kasan_save_stack+0x30/0x50 mm/kasan/common.c:57
 kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30 mm/kasan/common.c:78
 poison_kmalloc_redzone mm/kasan/common.c:398 [inline]
 __kasan_kmalloc+0xaa/0xb0 mm/kasan/common.c:415
 kasan_kmalloc include/linux/kasan.h:263 [inline]
 __do_kmalloc_node mm/slub.c:5414 [inline]
 __kmalloc_noprof+0x32f/0x840 mm/slub.c:5439
 _kmalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:995 [inline]
 _kzalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:1312 [inline]
 snd_card_new+0x74/0x120 sound/core/init.c:184
 azx_probe+0x321/0x2790 sound/hda/controllers/intel.c:2209
 local_pci_probe+0xdd/0x1b0 drivers/pci/pci-driver.c:354
 pci_call_probe+0x176/0x800 drivers/pci/pci-driver.c:416
 __pci_device_probe drivers/pci/pci-driver.c:478 [inline]
 pci_device_probe+0x25b/0x400 drivers/pci/pci-driver.c:512
 call_driver_probe drivers/base/dd.c:628 [inline]
 really_probe+0x241/0xa60 drivers/base/dd.c:706
 __driver_probe_device+0x210/0x460 drivers/base/dd.c:868
 driver_probe_device+0x4a/0x140 drivers/base/dd.c:898
 __device_attach_driver+0x1df/0x320 drivers/base/dd.c:1026
 bus_for_each_drv+0x159/0x1e0 drivers/base/bus.c:500
 __device_attach+0x1e4/0x4d0 drivers/base/dd.c:1098
 device_initial_probe+0xaf/0xd0 drivers/base/dd.c:1153
 pci_bus_add_device+0xc5/0x100 drivers/pci/bus.c:373
 pci_bus_add_devices+0x9a/0x1f0 drivers/pci/bus.c:394
 pci_rescan_bus+0x2a/0x40 drivers/pci/probe.c:3502
 rescan_store+0xfb/0x130 drivers/pci/pci-sysfs.c:474
 bus_attr_store+0x74/0xb0 drivers/base/bus.c:172
 sysfs_kf_write+0xf2/0x150 fs/sysfs/file.c:145
 kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x3e0/0x5f0 fs/kernfs/file.c:345
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:595 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x6af/0x1050 fs/read_write.c:687
 ksys_write+0x12a/0x250 fs/read_write.c:739
 do_syscall_32_irqs_on arch/x86/entry/syscall_32.c:79 [inline]
 __do_fast_syscall_32+0x13a/0x8b0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_32.c:291
 do_fast_syscall_32+0x32/0x70 arch/x86/entry/syscall_32.c:316
 entry_SYSENTER_compat_after_hwframe+0x84/0x8e

Freed by task 5881:
 kasan_save_stack+0x30/0x50 mm/kasan/common.c:57
 kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30 mm/kasan/common.c:78
 kasan_save_free_info+0x3b/0x70 mm/kasan/generic.c:584
 poison_slab_object mm/kasan/common.c:253 [inline]
 __kasan_slab_free+0x5f/0x80 mm/kasan/common.c:285
 kasan_slab_free include/linux/kasan.h:235 [inline]
 slab_free_hook mm/slub.c:2748 [inline]
 slab_free mm/slub.c:6499 [inline]
 kfree+0x22b/0x6d0 mm/slub.c:6792
 snd_card_do_free sound/core/init.c:609 [inline]
 release_card_device+0x1f7/0x250 sound/core/init.c:153
 device_release+0xd2/0x270 drivers/base/core.c:2640
 kobject_cleanup lib/kobject.c:689 [inline]
 kobject_release lib/kobject.c:720 [inline]
 kref_put include/linux/kref.h:65 [inline]
 kobject_put+0x1f7/0x640 lib/kobject.c:737
 put_device+0x1f/0x30 drivers/base/core.c:3884
 snd_card_free_when_closed sound/core/init.c:630 [inline]
 snd_card_free_when_closed sound/core/init.c:624 [inline]
 snd_card_free+0x11a/0x190 sound/core/init.c:662
 azx_probe_continue sound/hda/controllers/intel.c:2451 [inline]
 azx_probe_work+0x65b/0x2700 sound/hda/controllers/intel.c:1741
 process_one_work+0xac7/0x1b10 kernel/workqueue.c:3387
 process_scheduled_works kernel/workqueue.c:3470 [inline]
 worker_thread+0x5ef/0xe50 kernel/workqueue.c:3551
 kthread+0x373/0x450 kernel/kthread.c:436
 ret_from_fork+0x730/0xd60 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158
 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245

The buggy address belongs to the object at ffff888000f8a000
 which belongs to the cache kmalloc-4k of size 4096
The buggy address is located 2146 bytes inside of
 freed 4096-byte region [ffff888000f8a000, ffff888000f8b000)

The buggy address belongs to the physical page:
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x0 pfn:0xf88
head: order:3 mapcount:0 entire_mapcount:0 nr_pages_mapped:0 pincount:0
flags: 0x7ff00000000040(head|node=0|zone=0|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
page_type: f5(slab)
raw: 007ff00000000040 ffff88801c043040 dead000000000100 dead000000000122
raw: 0000000000000000 0000000000040004 00000000f5000000 0000000000000000
head: 007ff00000000040 ffff88801c043040 dead000000000100 dead000000000122
head: 0000000000000000 0000000000040004 00000000f5000000 0000000000000000
head: 007ff00000000003 fffffffffffffe01 00000000ffffffff 00000000ffffffff
head: ffffffffffffffff 0000000000000000 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000008
page dumped because: kasan: bad access detected
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 3, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0xd20c0(__GFP_IO|__GFP_FS|__GFP_NOWARN|__GFP_NORETRY|__GFP_COMP|__GFP_NOMEMALLOC), pid 1, tgid 1 (swapper/0), ts 9234438850
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:33 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0xfd/0x120 mm/page_alloc.c:1871
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1879 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x110d/0x35b0 mm/page_alloc.c:3943
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x2eb/0x3300 mm/page_alloc.c:5436
 alloc_slab_page mm/slub.c:3347 [inline]
 allocate_slab mm/slub.c:3462 [inline]
 new_slab+0xa9/0x6e0 mm/slub.c:3513
 refill_objects+0xe3/0x410 mm/slub.c:7410
 refill_sheaf mm/slub.c:2885 [inline]
 __pcs_replace_empty_main+0x35e/0x650 mm/slub.c:4774
 alloc_from_pcs mm/slub.c:4850 [inline]
 slab_alloc_node mm/slub.c:4984 [inline]
 __kmalloc_cache_noprof+0x4f4/0x6d0 mm/slub.c:5559
 _kmalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:991 [inline]
 _kzalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:1312 [inline]
 kobject_uevent_env+0x263/0x18b0 lib/kobject_uevent.c:543
 device_add+0x1173/0x1970 drivers/base/core.c:3742
 __video_register_device+0x1da5/0x5960 drivers/media/v4l2-core/v4l2-dev.c:1076
 __v4l2_device_register_subdev_nodes+0x330/0x670 drivers/media/v4l2-core/v4l2-device.c:224
 v4l2_device_register_subdev_nodes include/media/v4l2-device.h:204 [inline]
 vimc_register_devices drivers/media/test-drivers/vimc/vimc-core.c:315 [inline]
 vimc_probe+0xb28/0xfb0 drivers/media/test-drivers/vimc/vimc-core.c:371
 platform_probe+0x106/0x1d0 drivers/base/platform.c:1507
 call_driver_probe drivers/base/dd.c:628 [inline]
 really_probe+0x241/0xa60 drivers/base/dd.c:706
 __driver_probe_device+0x210/0x460 drivers/base/dd.c:868
 driver_probe_device+0x4a/0x140 drivers/base/dd.c:898
page_owner free stack trace missing

Memory state around the buggy address:
 ffff888000f8a700: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb
 ffff888000f8a780: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb
>ffff888000f8a800: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb
                                                       ^
 ffff888000f8a880: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb
 ffff888000f8a900: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb
==================================================================

Crashes (1):
Time Kernel Commit Syzkaller Config Log Report Syz repro C repro VM info Assets (help?) Manager Title
2026/08/27 14:48 upstream 73e3f0710014 c53a1b9c .config console log report info [disk image (non-bootable)] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci-qemu-upstream-386 KASAN: slab-use-after-free Read in snd_card_free
* Struck through repros no longer work on HEAD.